Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration. Characteristics of Plant Cells Cell wall Large vacuole for water storage Contain Chloroplast (carry out photosynthesis!)

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

Characteristics of Plant Cells

• Cell wall• Large vacuole for water

storage• Contain Chloroplast (carry

out photosynthesis!)

Characteristics of Plants

• Plants carry materials through veins known as vascular tissue. There are two types of vascular tissue:–Xylem: transports water–Phloem: transports sugars

Characteristics of Plants• Roots: gather water and minerals

that the plant needs• Leaves: contain stomata, have a waxy

cuticle to prevent water loss, and carry out PHOTOSYNTHESIS!

Leaf and Photosynthesis

• Palisade mesophyll is the site of most photosynthesis

• Stomata are found on the underside of the leaf

Photosynthesis

• Know the equation for photosynthesis!

Carbon dioxide + water ----> sugar(glucose) + Oxygen

6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Reactants -------> Products

Photosynthesis

• Which gas is required for photosynthesis to occur?

–Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

• Which gas is produced by photosynthesis as a product?

–Oxygen (O2)

Photosynthesis

• Takes light energy from the sun and produces food for the plant (sugars)

• Plants capture this light energy using pigments. What is the name of the pigment?

–Chlorophyll

Photosynthesis• Photosynthesis is composed of two steps

1.) Light dependent / Light reaction- pigments capture light energy, needs light

to function

2.) Light independent / Dark reaction

- Calvin Cycle produces sugars

Rates of Photosynthesis

• The rate of Photosynthesis can be affected by:

–Temperature (if it is too hot or cold)–Too little water–Too much or too little light

Cellular Respiration

• Occurs in both plants and animals• Breaks down food and glucose to

produce energy in the form of ATP• ATP releases energy by breaking

the bonds and releasing a phosphate groups

Cellular Respiration

• Know the formula for cellular respiration:

oxygen + sugar (glucose) ---> carbon dioxide + water + energy

6O2 + C6H12O6 ------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Reactants ------> Products

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration• Both of these processes require various gasses to

function

• The stomata on the underside of the leaf allow for the exchange of gasses in plants

• Stomata cannot remain open all the time due to transpiration (water loss)– As a result the stomata are closed at night and during

the hottest part of the day