Photosynthesis
Jan 01, 2016
Draw…• Page 673-plant and label parts• Page 732-flower and label
parts
• Find functions of all parts. Use your entire textbook if needed! (INDEX)
Leaf Cross Section (Pg 170/688)
• Cuticle• Upper and lower epidermis• Palisade and spongy mesophyll• Vein• Xylem/Phloem• Stomata • Guard cells
Frequency versus Wavelength
Click image for my red, your red
Click for colorblind test
Hmm??
Plant and Leaf• What is the difference between a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?• What are the differences between a monocot and a dicot? Are they
(monocots and dicots) gymnosperms or angiosperms?• What are the two systems of a plant? How do they communicate
with each other?• What is the evolutionary relationship between terminal buds and
auxillary buds?• What are the four whorls of a flower? What are their functions?• What is the relationship between a sporophyte and a gametophyte?• What is the cycle of growth for an annual? Perennial? Biennial? • How does carbon dioxide get into the plant? • How does a plant avoid losing its needed water?
Light Dependent Reactions
• Goal of light energy is to create ATP and NADPH to power the light independent reaction. The key to forming is the flow of energy through the PS. There are 2 routes, the cyclic and the noncyclic. The noncyclic is the predominant.
Thylakoid Membrane
A
Photosystem ___
A
Photosystem ___
Outside Thylakoid
Inside the Thylakoid
Electron Transport Chain
ADP NADP+
+Stroma for Calvin Cycle
Light Dependent Reaction
And now…Light Independent
• Uses ATP and NADPH (produced in LDR)• Regenerates its starting material after
molecules enter and leave the cycle• What enters??• Carbon Dioxide
• What leaves??• Sugar (G3P-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate)
Who is involved??
• For one molecule of G3P to be made, it takes 3 times around the cycle (in other words, it needs 3 CO2 molecules)
• Calvin cycle has 3 parts: Carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration of CO2
Calvin Cycle
• Carbon Fixation• CO2 attaches to a 5-C sugar (RuBP-ribulose
bisphosphate) using the enzyme rubisco making a 6-C that immediately turns into 2 3-C phosphoglcerates.
• *Since the cycle is done for 3 CO2s, it is actually 3 5-C + 3 CO2 6 3-C
Calvin Cycle
• Reduction• 2. 3-phosphoglycerate gets a phosphate group
from ATP forming 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
• 3. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is reduced to G3P (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) through reducing NADPH to NADP+ (G3P has more energy than 1,3bis)
Calvin Cycle
• 4. 1-G3P exits for every 3 CO2s that enter because 5-G3Ps have to continue for the cycle to be able to repeat.
• Regeneration• 5. 5-G3Ps are rearranged into 3 5-C RuBP. This
arrangement takes 3 ATPs to ADPs. Then RuBP can join with more CO2 and start over again.
• *1 G3P (becomes glucose)= 9 ATP and 6 NADPH