Photosynthesis

Regents Biology 2006-2007

Regents Biology 2006-2007

Photosynthesis:Life from Light and Air

Regents Biology

Plants are energy producers Like animals, plants need energy to live Unlike animals, plants don’t need to eat

food to make that energy Plants make both food & energy

animals are consumers plants are producers

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How do plants make energy & food? Plants use the energy from the sun

to make ATP energy to make sugars

glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more

sun

ATP

sugars

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H2O

Building plants from sunlight & air Photosynthesis

2 separate processes energy building reactions

collect sun energy use it to make ATP

sugar building reactions take the ATP energy collect CO2 from air &

H2O from ground use all to build sugars

ATP

sun

sugars

+

carbon dioxideCO2

sugarsC6H12O6

CO2

waterH2O

+

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Using light & air to grow plants

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2sun

energy+ ++

glucose + oxygencarbondioxide

sunenergy+ water +

(ATP)

Photosynthesis using sun energy to make ATP using carbon dioxide & water to make sugar in chloroplast allows plants to grows makes a waste product

oxygen

Regents Biology

What do plants need to grow? The “factory” for making

energy & sugars chloroplast

Fuels sunlight carbon dioxide water

The Helpers enzymes H2O

sugars

ATP

Make ATP!Make sugar!

I can do it all…And no one

even notices!

enzymes

CO2

sun

Regents Biology

Photosynthesis

energybuilding reactions

sugarbuilding reactions

ATPADP

CO2sugar

sun

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Chloroplasts are only in plants

animal cellsanimal cells plant cellsplant cells

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CO2

Chloroplasts

Chloroplastsin cell

LeafLeaf

Chloroplast

absorbsunlight & CO2

makeenergy & sugar

Chloroplastscontain

Chlorophyll

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Bring In CO2

H2O light

Let Out O2

Move Around sugars

So what does a plant need?

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2light

energy + ++

roots

shoot

leaves

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Leaf Structure

phloem (sugar)xylem (water)

stomate guardcell

palisadeslayer

spongylayer

cuticleepidermis

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Transpiration

H2O CO2

CO2

O2 H2O

xylem (water)

stomate guardcell gases in & out

water out O2

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Transpiration Water evaporates

from the stomates in the leaves water molecules

stick to each other

more water is pulled up the tree

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Stomates Function of stomates

CO2 in

O2 out

H2O out

guard cell

stomate

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Xylemcarry water up from roots

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Phloem: food-conducting cells

carry sugars around the plant wherever they are needed new leavesfruit & seedsroots

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Putting it all together Making a living…

sunlight leaves = solar collectors photosynthesis

gases: CO2 in & O2 out stomates = gases in & out

H2O roots take in water from soil pulled up by leaf evaporation

nutrients roots take in from soil

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How are they connected?

glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energydioxide

C6H12O6 6O2 6CO2 6H2O ATP+ + +

Respiration

Photosynthesis

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2light

energy + ++

glucose + oxygencarbondioxide

sunenergy+ water +

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H2O

Energy cycle

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

sun

The Great Circleof Life!

Where’s Mufasa?

glucose O2CO2

plants

animals, plants

ATP

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The poetic perspective All of the solid material of every plant

was built out of thin air All of the solid material of every animal

was built from plant material

Then all the cats, dogs, mice, people & elephants…

are really strands of air woven together by sunlight!

sunair

Regents Biology 2006-2007

Got the energy…

Ask Questions!!

Regents Biology

Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy

Animals = Heterotrophs get their energy from “eating others”

eat food = other organisms = organic molecules

make energy through respiration Plants = Autotrophs

get their energy from “self”get their energy from sunlightbuild organic molecules (food) from CO2

make energy through photosynthesis

Regents Biology

How do plants live? Photosynthesis

Energy building reactions collect sun energy make ATP

Sugar building reactions use ATP for energy use CO2 as carbon for new sugars

build sugars glucose, cellulose, starch

build all other organic molecules proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA

store energy for future use starch in seeds & roots

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Photosynthesis

This is the equation you are used to seeing, but this is not the whole story…

+ water + energy glucose + oxygencarbondioxide

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2light

energy+ ++