Phil Anderson (1972) "More is Different". limitations of “representative individual” “mean field” / continuum / linear way of thinking -conceptual gaps between various disciplines. - accompanying mysteries connected to the nature of life, intelligence, culture -arise exactly when "More Is Different". life emerges from chemistry, chemistry from physics, conscience from life, social conscience/ organization from individual conscience etc.
Phil Anderson (1972) "More is Different". limitations of “representative individual” “mean field” / continuum / linear way of thinking - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Phil Anderson (1972) "More is Different".
limitations of “representative individual” “mean field” / continuum / linear way of thinking
-conceptual gaps between various disciplines. - accompanying mysteries connected to the nature of life, intelligence, culture
-arise exactly when "More Is Different".
life emerges from chemistry, chemistry from physics, conscience from life, social conscience/ organization
from individual conscience etc.
The Microscopic Representation Method.
MICRO - the relevant microscopic degrees of freedom
INTER - their fundamental interactions
MACRO - the macroscopic emerging collective objectsIntrinsically interdisciplinary:
- Microscopic Investors and Macroscopic Crashes /Power Laws
MICRO - Investors, individual capital ,shares
INTER - sell/buy orders, gain/loss
MACRO - social wealth distribution, market price fluctuations (cycles, crushes, booms, stabilization by noise)
-Microscopic Concepts and Macroscopic Ideas
MICRO - concepts, connections between concepts
INTER - creating/deleting/activating connections between concepts
- Microscopic Seers and Macroscopic Sight
MICRO - motion visual sensors for points and line elements.
INTER - time and space local data integration.
MACRO - Perception of 3 Dimensional global structure.
- Microscopic Picassos and Macroscopic Drawings
MICRO - local line / motion features, mental states, mental eventsINTER - line breaks and mind events(changes) vs line/mind inertia.MACRO - drawing shapes, emergence of representational meaning - Microscopic Doctors and Macroscopic Health
MICRO - Cells, Enzimes, Antigens, Antibodies INTER - producing, destroying, changing state of a cell/enzime, MACRO - immunity, health, infection, sickness, inflamation. -Microscopic Drivers / police and Macroscopic Jams
MICRO - carsINTER - go ahead/give way at intersections.MACRO - traffic flow, jamming; self-organization; useless police
Microscopic Grimm Brothers and Macroscopic Stories
MICRO – persons, relationsINTER – change in relations ; actingMACRO –plot, story, meaning
Copy a gene to another location
Gene network
Internet network
browse
link
Microscopic Investors and Macroscopic Crashes
M. Levy, H. Levy and S. Solomon,
Economics Letters 45 (1994) 103-111.
9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.53750
3800
3850
3900
3950
4000
4050
4100
Fundamentalists believe the market will eventually revert to the fundamental price.
Hence, the price they offer will be determined by:
)(* lfundamentamarketmarketorder PPkPP
Chartists, believe in trends they. The simplest choice for short times is a linear extrapolation
tt
tPtPttrtPtP marketmarket
marketorder0
000
)()())(1()()(
Noise-traders are making “random” offers at a price randomly distributed around the current price.
)1,1( RANDOMsPP marketorder
L.Muchnick and S.Solomon
Physica Scripta, in press
Stock market shock explained
Physicists model recent trading frenzy.
1 October 2002
Market makersMarket 'spikes' are seen by traders as freak events.
Physicists expect them, Thursday October 3, 2002
Newton (after loosing 20 K Pounds in stock market) “I can calculate the motions of heavenly bodies, but not the madness of people.“
Levy, Solomon and Levy's Microscopic Simulation of Financial Markets points us towards the future of financial economics." Harry M. Markowitz, Nobel Laureate in Economics
Creative Sparks
Jacob Goldenberg, David Mazursky, and Sorin Solomon Science 285: 1495-1496, 1999;
Creativity in Advertising
Symbols set:
Fireman-sheet Air-bagSprings
Nike - Air Protection
Product space
Sidewalk
Foot
Sneaker a sneaker-shaped fireman-sheet
?
Figure 2b: General scheme underlying the replacement version of the pictorial analogy template
Symbols set
Symbol 1 Symbol 2 Symbol 3
Product Message
Product space
P1
P2
P3 Matching by a linking operator
?
P4
Communication at the speed of sound
NY Times
Herald Tribune
Examples of Replacement computer produced ideas
Image of Apple Computer Terminal/ handing of Flowers (for advertising Apple computers friendliness)
Texture of Tennis Ball / Temple Mountain Mosque (for advertising World Cup Tennis Tournament in Jerusalem).
Shape of Plane/ Coo-coo in Coo-coo Clock (for advertising the time accuracy of a flight company).
Picture of Jeeps/ Speaking in Sign Language (for silent car engine) shape of car/ bullet (for fast car).
Table 2: Idea Ratings for the Four SourcesCreativity Ratings Mean S.D.Winning Ads 3.26 .49Magazine Ads 2.88 .55Routine-Generated Ads 2.89 .48Laymen-Generated Ads 2.22 .43