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PHARMACOLOGY MNEMONICS
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects, contraindications, interactions
HMG-CoA:
· Side effects:
Hepatotoxicity
Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis]
· Contraindications:
Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children
· Interactions:
Coumarin/ Cyclosporine
Antiarrhythmics: class III members
BIAS:
Bretylium
Ibutilide
Amiodarone
Sotalol
Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions
ABCDE:
Asthma
Block (heart block)
COPD
Diabetes mellitus
Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)
Clopidogrel: use
CLOPIdogrel is a drug that prevents
CLots, an Oral Platelet Inhibitor (OPI).
Amiodarone: action, side effects
6 P's:
Prolongs action potential duration
Photosensitivity
Pigmentation of skin
Peripheral neuropathy
Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis
Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism
Beta blockers: members
"The NEPAL Prime Minister":
Timolol
Nadolol
Esmolol
Pindolol
Atenolol
Labetalol
Propranolol
Metoprolol
Ca++ channel blockers: uses
CA++ MASH:
Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF
Angina
Migranes
Atrial flutter, fibrillation
Supraventricular tachycardia
Hypertension
· Alternatively: "CHASM":
Cererbral vasospasm / CHF
Hypertension
Angina
Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
Migranes
Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers
"Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...):
_ Someone that pees out a constant amount describes zero order kinetics (always the same amount out)
Asthma drugs: leukotriene inhibitor action
Quote:
zAfirlukast: Antagonist of lipoxygenase
zIlueton: Inhibitor of LT receptor
Beta- vs Beta- receptor location
"You have heart and lungs":
Quote:
Beta- are therefore primarily on heart.
Beta- primarily on lungs.
Hepatic necrosis: drugs causing focal to massive necrosis
"Very Angry Hepatocytes":
Quote:
Valproic acid
Acetaminophen
Halothane
Adrenoceptors: vasomotor function of alpha vs. beta
ABCD:
Quote:
Alpha = Constrict.
Beta = Dilate.
Beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Quote:
Picture diabetic and asthmatic kids riding away on a cart that rolls on pinwheels.
Pindolol and Carteolol have high and moderate ISA respectively, making them acceptable for use in some
diabetics or asthmatics despite the fact that they are non-seletive beta blockers.
Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions
ABCDE:
Quote:
Asthma
Block (heart block)
COPD
Diabetes mellitus
Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)
Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers "Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...):
Quote:
Timolol
Pindolol
Hismolol
Naldolol
Propranolol
PREANASTHETIC MEDICATION
HOSANA this is a christian word.
Quote:
H-H2blockers
O-opeoids
S-sedatives-antianxiety
A-anticholenergic
N-neuroleptics
A-antiemetics
simple and sobar
anti epeleptic drugs
Dr.BHAISAB's New PC.
Quote:
D...deoxy barbiturates
B...barbiturates
H....hydantoin
A.. aliphatic carb acids
I....iminostilbenes
S....succinimides
B....BZD's
N.... newer drugs
P....Phenyltriazines
C... cyclic gaba analogues
adverse effects of tetracyclins-KAPIL DEV
Quote:
K kidney toxicity
A antianabolic effect
P phototoxicity
I inc ICP
L liver toxicity
D diabetes insipidus
E enamel problems
V vestibular toxicity
GENERAL TOXICITY OF ANTICANCER DRUGS
SHaLi's BF Ghoghari Gautam is Chor.
Quote:
S-skin
H-hyperurecemia
L-lymphoreticular tissue
B-bone marrow
F-Foetus
G-gonads
G-git
C-carcinogenecity
6 H s and 8 H s of adverse effects of thaizide diuretics and loop diuretics respectively.....
'melbourne cricket authority has high funds though players get minor amount' .. for clinical uses of beta blockers...
Drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis:
Quote:
BAB like in baba (father)
Bleomycin
Amiodarone
Busulfan
ADRS OF CHLORAMPHENICOL
smart boys in girls hostel
B.... bone marrow depression
H...hypersensitivity
I....irritative effects
S.....superinfections
G.....Gray baby syndrome
ampicillin uses
UR GMCS BeST
Quote:
UTI
Respi
Gonorrhoea
Maningitis
cholecystitis
septicemias
bacillary dysentry
sabe
typhoid
misch
Acyclovir “I see clover”
I see a three-leaf clover (this is a prodrug that gets converted into a triphosphate – it resembles dNTP and inhibits DNA Polymerase). Imagine putting clovers over herpes
sores and genital warts (this is used to treat those).
Amantadine “Homan to Dean” In case you haven’t heard, Dr. Homan is our new SOM dean. His new policy: he won’t let us come to school without our white coats (this drug blocks uncoating, stage 2, in viral infection). Other interesting facts about him: he can pee for 12 hours straight! (The half-life is 12h and it’s excreted unchanged in the kidney .)
Dr. Homan can’t take the pressure of being a new dean so he becomes a nervous drunk with depression, feelings of detachment, insomnia, dizziness, ataxia, slurred speech, and inability to concentrate (these are some of the adverse effects)
Cephachlor “Chlorine” – as in swimming pools
You swim and get water up your nose and in your ears (this drug treats sinusitis and OTITIS media).
Cephadroxil “Drop rocks” While you are peeing you drop rocks (This drug treats UTIs).
Cephalothin “…Loathing”
If your heart is infected, you can’t love, only loathe (this is used to treat severe infections such as endocarditis).
Cephamandole “…Man doll” You have to inflate your man doll and you get an upper respiratory infection. If you “use” this anatomically correct man doll, he will give you pelvic inflammatory disease (This drug is indicated for URI and PID). He’s also so real that he bleeds!!! (Adverse effect: It affects Vit-K dependent clotting function)
Cephazolin “…Soul in” You want to keep your soul in and not die if you go to surgery (this drug is used prophylactically for surgery).
Cephoperazone “…Opera zone” Going to the opera makes me want to get drunk to the point of illness. These drugs, when mixed with ethanol interfere with ALDH, affecting alcohol metabolism (you end up with increased acetaldehyde – a DISULFIRAM-LIKE
REACTION).
Also, if you see Phantom of the Opera, expect to see some blood! (This affects Vit-K dependent clotting function.)
Cephotaxime “…Tax time” IRS is hard to kill off – they are MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANT (Use this drug against MDR strains.).
Clindamycin “Clean the mice”
You’re cleaning the mice because they are covered with ticks (this drug is used to treat Lyme Disease). You have to use SOS kitchen cleaner to clean the mice (SOS = 50 S ribosomal unit – where this drug acts).
Richard Gere likes to put mice in “where the sun don’t shine” and this is a very FRAGILE procedure (Clindamycin may cause Pseudomembranous enterocolitis and it’s also used to treat B. fragilis infections).
Fluconazole “Flu cone” Imagine an emaciated AIDS patient eating an ice cream cone made of the flu and he gets an oral and esophageal fungal infection. (This is used to treat oral and esophageal candidiasis in AIDS patients).
Foscarnet “Fox cARRR net” If you catch foxes in a net, they won’t reproduce (this drug is a stage 3 inhibitor). ARRR… it inhibits RNA polymerase and Reverse transcriptase to block Reproduction. You’re going to put the foxes into a car that’s made out of bones instead of metal (this drug binds to bones and decreases Ca2+ and Mg2+).
Also, a foxy lady is HOT (this drug will cause a fever) and never wear fox urine to hunt (this is excreted in the kidney and causes renal insufficiency).
inhalational corticosteroids
Bed Bug Flew To Florida
Quote:
B-BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE
B-BUDESONIDE
F-FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE
T-TRIAMCINALONE
F-FLUNISOLIDE
Succinylcholine: action, use
Quote:
Succinylcholine gets Stuck to Ach receptor, then Sucks ions in through open pore.
You Suck stuff in through a mouth-tube, and drug is used for intubation
Cholinergics (eg organophosphates): effects
If you know these, you will be "LESS DUMB":
Quote:
Lacrimation
Excitation of nicotinic synapses
Salivation
Sweating
Diarrhea
Urination
Micturition
Bronchoconstriction
Steroids: side effects
BECLOMETHASONE:
Quote:
Buffalo hump
Easy bruising
Cataracts
Larger appetite
Obesity
Moonface
Euphoria
Thin arms & legs
Hypertension/ Hyperglycaemia
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
Skin thinning
Osteoporosis
Negative nitrogen balance
Emotional liability
Methyldopa: side effects
METHYLDOPA:
Quote:
Mental retardation
Electrolyte imbalance
Tolerance
Headache/ Hepatotoxicity
psYcological upset
Lactation in female
Dry mouth
Oedema
Parkinsonism
Anaemia (haemolytic)
Sodium valproate: side effects
VALPROATE:
Quote:
Vomiting
Alopecia
Liver toxicity
Pancreatitis/ Pancytopenia
Retention of fats (weight gain)
Oedema (peripheral oedema)
Appetite increase
Tremor
Enzyme inducer (liver)
Captopril (an ACE inhibitor): side effects
CAPTOPRIL:
Quote:
Cough
Angioedema/ Agranulocystosis
Proteinuria/ Potassium excess
Taste changes
Orthostatic hypotension
Pregnancy contraindication/ Pancreatitis/ Pressure drop (first dose hypertension)