Ph2161 Engineering Physics Important 2 Marks and 16 Marks

PH2161 ENGINEERING PHYSICS IMPORTANT 2 MARKS AND 16 MARKSI UNIT-CONDUCTING MATERIALSPart – ADefine mobility give its unit.Define Drift velocity.What are the drawbacks of classical free electron theory.Define Mean free path.Define Collision Time.Define Electrical Conductivity.Define Thermal Conductivity.State Wiedemann-Franz law.Define Lorentz number.Define relaxation time  of an electron.What is Planck’s Hypothesis.State Planck’s radiation – law.Define Compton-effect.Write Plack’s radiation formula.Write down Schroedinger time independent and time dependent wave equation with symbol.Give the physical significance of wave function.What are the eigen value and eigen function ?Write Fermi-Dirac distribution formula.Define Fermi level and Fermi Energy with its importance.How does Fermi function varies with temperatureWhat is work function.what are bound and free electron.For Copper the relaxation time is 10-14 seconds. The free electron  density is2 × 1028/ m3. Calculate its electrical conductivity.What is the probability of an electron bring thermally promoted to the Conduction band in silicon (Ec= 1.07 eV) at 25°C ?Give the expression for change in wavelength of a scattered X-ray Photon.

Part-B

Derive the electrical conductivity of a metal based on classical free electron theory.Derive the thermal conductivity of a metal based on classical free electron  theory.State and Prove Wiedemann-Frantz law.What is Compton effect ? Give the theory of Compton effect and Show that the Compton shift Δλ =  h . (1 – cosθ)/m0c.Explain the application of Schrodinger wave  equation to a one Dimensional Potential well.Derive Time independent Schroedinger wave equation and hence deduce the time dependent Schroedinger equation.Describe the energy band theory of solids with the help of neat band diagram. Distinguish between metals insulator and semiconductor on the basis of band theory.Derive the expression for Planck’s theory of Black body radiation.

Unit- II SEMI CONDUCTORS MATERIALSPart – A

What are compound semi conductors ? Give examples.Why do the conductivity of a semi conductor increase with temperature ?What is an intrinsic-semi conductor ?Why do masses of electron and hole vary in semi-conductor ?What is an extrinsic-semi conductor?Define Fermi level in the case of semi conductors. Mention its position in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors at 0˚K.Calculate the wavelength of radiation emitted by LED made up of a semi-Conducting material with Band gap energy (Eg) 2.8 eV.What is an N-type semi-conductor? Give example.What is an P-type semi-conductor? Give example.How does the Fermi-level change with temperature in extrinsic semi conductors ?What is meant by band gap in solids ? Mention its units.What is Hall effect.

Part-BObtain and expression for the carrier concentration in an intrinsic semi conductor. Calculate the intrinsic concentration of charge carriers at 300˚K, given  me= 0.12mo,·        Discuss electrical conductivity of intrinsic semi-conductor and hence derive an expression for the band gap energy.Derive an expression for carrier concentration in an N-type semi conductor (Density of electrons in the conduction band).Derive an expression for the density of holes in the valence band of an P-type semi conductor.Discuss the variation of Fermi-level with temperature in N-type and P-type semi conductors.Discuss the variation of carrier concentration with temperature for N-type and P-type semiconductors.Explain the determination of Hall co-efficient, carrier concentration and mobility of charge carriers of a semi conductor.

UNIT-3 MAGNETIC AND SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS:MPART-AWhat is magnetic material? Define magnetic Induction give its unit Define magnetic field Intensity give its unit Define free space permeability Define Magnetic permeability Define relative permeability Define Intensity of magnetization

 What is magnetic susceptibility .What is the relationship between relative permeability and magnetic susceptibility? State any four properties of Dia magnetic substance State any four properties of Para magnetic substance State any four properties of Ferro magnetic substance Define domain Distinguish between Ferro magnetic and antiferro magnetic What is Curie temperature? Define Bohr magnetron Define Magnetic moment Define Hysteresis Distinguish between hard magnetic materials and soft magnetic material Define GMR effect Write a short note on bubble memories Distinguish between RAM and ROM Define Transition temperature Define Super conductivity Distinguish between Type-I and Type-II superconductor What is Meissner Effect? Define Isotope effect What is high temperature superconductor? give example What is SQUIDS? What is magnetic levitation? How are different magnetic materials classified? What are the different sources of permanent magnetic moment? What is curie –Weiss Law? Give the significance of Curie Weiss law What is Heisenberg theory of ferromagnetism? What is meant by Hysteresis loss? Define Energy product of magnetic material. What are the applications of ferrites? Why are ferrites advantageous for use as transformer cores? Explain the importance of the magnetic materials What are the five basic parts of a digital magnetic tape system? How is earth garnets used for data storage?Part_B

Magnetic materials:·        What are diamagnetic and paramagnetic susceptibilities of material? Discuss the temperature variation of their susceptibility.·         Discuss Langevin theory of a paramagnetic gas and obtain an expression for the paramagnetic susceptibility of the gas. What are the main drawbacks of the theory?·         Derive an expression for the magnetic moment M of a paramagnetic solid on the basis of quantum theory.·         What is Ferro magnetism? Explain the reason for the formation of domain structure in ferromagnetic material and how the hysteresis curve is explained on the basis of the domain

theory.·         a) Classify the magnetic materials on the basis of their spin.·         b) What are ferromagnetic domains?·         c) Discuss Weiss theory of Ferro magnetism·         D) What are its merits and demerits?·         Give an account of Weiss theory of Ferro magnetism and show from the post of Langevin function spontaneous magnetization exists below the Curie temperature and vanishes above the Curie temperature.·         Explain the domain theory of Ferro magnetism. Using that how will you explain the properties of Ferro magnetic materials?·         Draw a B-H curve for a Ferro magnetic material and identify retentivity and coercitive field on the curve.·        .Write an essay on different magnetic storage media. What are their relative merits and demerits?·         In detail explain how data are stored in magnetic materials. What are the functions of writing and reading heads? How are they designed?·        What are hard and Soft magnetic materials compare their properties Give example.·        Discuss the phenomenon of antiferromagnetism.how does an anti ferromagnetic substance differ from a diamagnetic substancesSUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS:

·        Give the difference between type-I and type-II superconductor.·        Explain the superconducting phenomena. What are its properties? What are in application?·        Write an essay on superconducting materials and its applications. What is the new development?·        What are high Tc superconductors? Give four examples.·        Explain the following·        Meissner effect·        Explain the effect of Isotopes on superconductors·        What is SQUID?·        Explain BCS theory with a special note on copper pairs·        Give four medical application of superconductors·        Explain Magnetic levitationUnit_4 DIELECTRIC MATERIALS:·        Part-ADefine electric polarization·        Compare active and passive dielectrics·        Define electronic polarization.·        What are the differences between polar and non polar molecules?·        Define local field.·        What is meant by dielectric loss and loss tangent? Why it occurs?·        What is meant by dielectric breakdown and dielectric strength?·        Explain electrochemical breakdown in dielectric.·        What are dielectric materials? Give its properties.·        Define dielectric constant·        Define polarization vector and electric displacement vector

·        Define Ionic polarizations·        Define Space charge polarization·        Define orientation polarization.·        What is the microscopic polarization mechanism involved in dielectric polarization·        Compare the electronic and orientation polarization.·        What is effect of frequency of an a.c field on polarization?·        What is the effect of temperature on polarization?·        What are the different breaks down mechanisms that occur in a dielectric material?·        Discuss the discharge and defect breakdown in dielectrics.·        What are the ways in which the dielectric breakdown can be minimized?·        Give any four applications of dielectric in transformer,·        Write any four applications of dielectrics in capacitors/·        What is meant by electric susceptibility?·        List out of frequency dependence of polarization·        Write a note on temperature dependence of polarization?Part-B·        Discuss in detail the various dielectric breakdown mechanisms.·        Deduce Clausius Mosotti equation and explain its use in predicting the dielectric constant of solids·        Derive an expression for the orientation polarizability·        What is meant by polarization in dielectric? Arrive at the relation between the dielectric constant and atomic polarizability.·        Show that the imaginary part of the dielectric constant accounts for a condenser being lossy.·        Explain the different types of polarization mechanisms involved in a dielectric material·        What is meant by local field in a dielectric and how is it calculated for a cubic structure/deduce the clausius Mosotti equation·        Write a short note on  dielectric loss and breakdown mechanism and application of dielectric materials

UNIT-5    MODERN ENGINEERING MATERIALS:

PART-A SHORT ANSWERS:

What are metallic glasses?·        What is the advantage of using metallic glasses as transformer core material?·        Name any four applications of metallic glasses.·        What are shape memory alloys?·        What are the merits and demerits of SMA?·        What are nano phase materials?·        Name any four methods employed to produce nano phase materials.·        What is meant by Super plasticity?·        Define Nano technology·        Define quantum confinement·        State any four properties of nano phase materials·        What are the type’s carbon nano tubes?

·        What is meant by glass transition temperature?·        What do you understand by the term Quenching?·        What are the types of Met glasses?·        Mention any four properties of met glasses?·        List out any four recent applications of nano materials·        What is transformation temperature?·        What do you understand by Martensite and Austenite Phases?·        Define pseudo elasticity.·        What are the properties of SMA?·        What are the types of SMA?·        Give any four application of SMA.Part-B·        What are nano phase materials? Explain how the physical properties vary with geometry·        Give the concept properties and applications of metallic glasses.·        Explain the various technique used to prepare nano phase materials·        How are metallic glasses prepared? Explain how the melt spinner device can be used to produce metallic glasses.·        Give the properties and applications of nano phase materials·        What is meant by SMA? Explain its working.·        Give the characteristics and applications of shape memory alloys.·        Explain the various techniques to produce carbon nano tubes.·        Give the properties and application of carbon nano tub

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UNIT I - ELECTROCHEMISTRY

1. What are the types of electrolytes? Give an example for each type.2. What is the difference between metallic and electrolytic conduction?3. What are single and Std. Electrode potentials?4. What is Nernst equation? Discuss the terms involved.5. Calculate the electrode potential of Zinc electrode dipped in 0.1M zinc sulphate solution at 250 C.6. Bring out the symbolic representation of SHE. What are its limitations?7. What are secondary reference electrodes? Discuss about a calomel electrode.8. Give the symbol, diagram and reactions of a calomel electrode.9. Define emf series. Bring out any four elements and their E0 values.10. How will you predict the spontaneity of a reaction using emf series?11. Zinc displaces H2 from HCl but Cu does not. Why?12. What is galvanic series? What are the significance of it?13. Discuss the rules to be followed while representing a cell.

14. What is the difference between electrochemical and electrolytic cells?15. What is potentiometric titration?16. What is conductometric titration?17. What is standard electrode?18. Define ion selective electrodes?19. What are the conditions for a cell to be a reversible one?20. Differentiate electrolytic and electrochemical cell.

UNIT – II CORROSION AND ITS CONTROL1. Define corrosion2. Why do metals undergo corrosion?3. What are the types of corrosion?4. What are the consequences of corrosion?5. What is Pilling bedworth rule?6. What is H2 embrittlement?7. Write the elemental reactions involved during electrochemical corrosion.8. What type of corrosion takes place when a Zinc rod dipped in HCl solution?9. What is galvanic corrosion? Discuss10. What is pitting corrosion? Why is it severe?11. Differentiate chemical and electrochemical corrosion12. How does purity of a metal influence corrosion?13. How do pH of the environment affect corrosion of a metal?14. How is corrosion minimized by proper designing of equipment?15. What is cathodic protection? Discuss21. What is the purpose of using Mg bars in ships?22. What is the role of hydrazine and sodium sulphite in corrosion control?23. What are anodic inhibitors? Give any two examples with the mode of action24. What are vapour phase inhibitors? Give an example.25. Define a paint. 26. What is the role of drying oil in a paint? Discuss27. What are plasticisers? Give examples.28. What are acid pickling and alkali cleaning?29. What is electroless plating? 30. What are the constituents of electrolytic bath used for electroless plating?31. Bring out the reactions taking place during electroless plating32. What are the advantages of electroless plating?

UNIT III - PHASE RULE AND ALLOYS 1. State phase rule2. Define phase.

3. What is meant by the term component?4. Define degree of freedom.5. A system consists of benzene and water. What is the number of phases?6. A gaseous mixture consists of N 2, H2 and NH3 in equilibrium. What is the number of phases?7. How many components are present when NH4Cl is heated in a closed vessel?8. A gaseous mixture contains NH3 , HCl in the molar ratio of 1:2. Whatr is the number of components of the system?9. Give the number of components of the system:(i) Fe (s) + H2O(g) à FeO(s) + H2 (g)(ii) CaCO3(s) <=> CaO(s) + CO2(g)10. What is invariant system?11. Give an example for invariant system.12. Calculate the number of phases present in the systems:(i) MgCO3(s) <=> MgO (s) + CO2(g)(ii) Rhombic sulphur(s) <=> Monoclinic sulphur(s)(iii)NH 4Cl(s) <=> H3(g) + HCl(g)(iv) I2(s) <=> I2(g)(v) Ice(s) <=> water(l) <=> Water vapour(g)13. What is the degree of freedom of the following systems? (i ) NaCl (s) <=> NaCl-water(aq) <=> Water-vapour(g)(ii) A gas in equilibrium with its solution in a liquid.(iii) A solution of a solid in a liquid in equilibrium with solvent vapour.(iv) Two partially misicible liquids in the absence of vapour.(v) I2(s) <=> I2(g) 14. What is condensed phase rule? What is the number of degrees of freedom at the eutectic point for a two component system?15. What is thermal analysis. Draw the cooling curves of a pure substance and a mixture and discuss.16. What is the effect of pressure on the melting point of ice?17. What is metastable equilibrium?18. What is triple point?19. What is eutectic composition of lead-silver system?20. Discuss the significance of eutectics.21. What is meant by congruent melting point?22. How many phases and components are existing at triple point in ice – water – water vapour system.23. State the conditions under which two substances can form a simple eutectic.24. Define eutectic point.25. Eutectic is a mixture and not a compound explain.26. What is eutectic alloy?27. Mention some important properties of alloys.28. What are Stainless steels?29. What are solders?30. What is meant by phase diagram? With the help of phase diagrams explain the following terms. (i)

meta state equilibrium (ii) Eutectic point.31. Explain the differences among melting point, eutectic point and triple point. Give examples.32. PCl5 (s) à PCl3 (l) + Cl2 (g) . Write the number of phases, components and degree of freedom for this system.33. Mention the merits and demerits of phase rule.34. What are the main purpose of alloying steel.35. Give the composition of Nichrome and Alnico.36. What is 18/8 Stainless Steel.37. What is the basic differences between brass and bronze?38. What are solders? Give examples.

UNIT IV : FUELS AND COMBUSTION1. What is coal? How is it formed?2. Name the different varieties of coal.3. What is calorific value? Mention its units.4. Define GCV and LCV of a fuel.5. What is meant by the term fixed carbon?6. How is coke superior to coal?7. Distinguish between proximate and ultimate analysis of coal.8. Give the characteristics of metallurgical coke.9. What is meant by hydrogenation of coal?10. Define octane number.11. How will you improve the octane number?12. What is leaded petrol? Mention its advantages and disadvantages.13. Define cetane number.14. How is cetane number improved?15. Distinguish between petrol and diesel.16. What is aviation gasoline? How is it obtained?17. Give the composition of water gas.18. Write the composition of producer gas.19. Explain how water gas is superior to producer gas.20. What is flue gas?21. Mention the uses of flue gas analysis.22. Name the reagents used for absorbing CO2,CO and O2 during flue gas analysis by Orsat apparatus.

UNIT – V - ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUESExplain emission spectra.What is an absorption spectrum?What are the differences between molecular spectra and atomic spectra?State Beer-Lamberts law. Write its mathematical form.What are the limitations of Beer-Lamberts law?What are the sources of UV light in UV-Visible spectrophotometer.

What is a colorimeter?Mention the important components of a colorimeter.What are applications of colorimetry?Mention the advantages of colorimetry.What is flame photometry? Name few metals which can be easily detected by this method.What are the important processes that occur in the flame emission spectroscopy?What are chromophores? What are auxochromes? Give some examples.Define bathochromic shift and hypsochromic shift.What is hypochromic effect and hyperchromic effect?How are IR spectral range subdivided?How will you calculate the number of vibrational modes of a compound?What is finger print region? Mention its importance.What is group frequency region? Mention its importance.Give any two applications of UV spectroscopy.

PART B

UNIT – I ELECTROCHEMISTRY1. Define EMF. How is it determined?2. Differentiate the following ; a) Reversible and irreversible cellsb) Electrolytic and electrochemical cells3. Derive Nernst equation? What are the applications?4. With a neat sketch explain the principle, working of SHE.5. Explain the concept of secondary reference electrode, taking calomel electrode as example.6. Justify the ‘V’ shaped graph obtained from conductometric acid base titrations.7. Bring out the significance of potentiometer titration in redox reactions.8. What is the procedure for determining the endpoint for a precipitation reaction using potentiometric titrations?9. What is EMF series? What are the applications?10. How will you measure pH of a solution using ion selective glass electrodes?

UNIT II - CORROSION AND ITS INHIBITION 1. What are the constituents of paints? Discuss the functions with examples.2. Explain the preparation of metals for coating3. Discuss electroless plating in detail taking Ni as example.4. Explain the mechanism of chemical corrosion5. Explain the mechanism of electrochemical corrosion6. Discuss the factors influencing corrosion7. Explain the corrosion control by proper selection of metal and designing.8. Explain cathodic protection in detail9. What is differential aeration corrosion? Explain with four examples.10. Write briefly about gold electroplating?

11. Compare different types of corrosion inhibitors.

UNIT III - PHASE RULE AND ALLOYS

1. Draw a neat phase diagram and explain the lead-silver system? Briefly writeabout Pattinson’s process.Explain the application phase rule to a one component system.How will you construct a phase diagram by thermal analysis?Define phase rule and condensed phase rule. Explain the terms involved.Write note on heat treatment of steel.What are the non ferrous alloys? Give their properties.Define the term “Alloy” and bring out the effect of alloying of metals with examples. Explain about stainless steel.

UNIT IV : FUELS AND COMBUSTION1. Describe proximate analysis. What is the significance of it?2. Bring out the importance of ultimate analysis.3. In what ways Otto Hoffmann method is advantageous than the traditional method. Explain the various products and the recovery process.4. Explain synthesis of petrol by Bergius process.5. What is Fishcer Tropsch process. What are the advantages of the process?6. What is Knocking? Explain about the mechanism of anti - knocking ?7. What is Water gas? How is it manufactured?8. How is producer gas manufactured? Give its composition and uses.9. Write a brief note on CNG and LPG.10. Discuss the points to be taken care in calculation of minimum air requirement for the complete combustion.11. How is flue gas analysed using Orsat’s apparatus?

UNIT V - ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES1. Derive Beer – Lamber’s law. What are the reasons for the deviations from Beer’s law?2. Explain photoelectric colorimeter with suitable diagram.3. Draw the schematic diagram of a flame photometer and explain its working.4. Explain the working of atomic absorption spectrometer..How will you determine nickel using AAS?5. Give an account on principle, application and intstrumentation of UV-Visible spectroscopy.6. Give an account on principle, application and intstrumentation of IR spectroscopy Explain stretching and bending vibrations.

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B.E UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION Question paper - ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

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Topic: B.E UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION Question paper -

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY  (Read 3406 times)

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B.E UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION Question paper - ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY« on: August 26, 2008, 07:19:50 PM »

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B.E.DEGREE EXAMINATION

FIRST YEAR

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

Answer all the questions

Part-A=10*2=20

1.Name any one coagulant used to remove the

turbidity of the water?

2.Why should natural water should not be fed to

boiler?

3.Why do electrochemical cells stop working after

sometime?

4.Why is the salt bridge used in the construction of

the cell?

5.What is soft abrasive?Give some examples for

synthetic abrasive.

6.Name any four solid lubricants?

7.Solid surfaces are capable of adsorbing solutes

from solutions-Explain with example

8.Define Degree of Freedom?

9.Distinguish between gross and net calorific value of

fuel

10.What is meant by octane number of a gasoline?

PART-B(5*12=60)

11.a)What is the principle of EDTA titration?Briefly

describe the estimation of hardness of water by

EDTA method.What is the role of buffer in EDTA

titration?

OR

b.)What is the break point chlorination . Write a note

on disinfection by chlorine.

12.a)Differentiate between chemical and electro

chemical corrosion? Write short notes on special

paints?

OR

b.)Bring out the similarities and dissimilarities in

electro plating and anodizing techniques.Give

explanation of the two.

Explain differential aeration corrosion with example

13.a)What are refactories? What are the prime

requsite of a material to be used as refactory related

to its porosity?

OR

b.)What are the functions of the filters and

plasticizers in plastic industry?

With neat diagram explain injection molding

14.a)Discuss the Langmuirs theory of adsorption and

derive expression for mono layer Langmuir

adsorption isotherm

OR

b.)Discuss the effect of increasing carbon content in

steel .What is meant by annealing of steel?

15.a)Define flue gas.How the analysis of gas is done

by Orsat's apparatus?What conclusion can be drawn

from the experiment ?What is the significance of the

analysis?

OR

b.)Explain briefly the principle in flame photometric

analysis and give the block diagram of

instrumentation.

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Re: B.E UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION Question paper - ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY« Reply #1 on: September 09, 2008, 03:28:05 PM »

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2008 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University

B.Tech Mechanical Engineering engineering

chemistry Question paper

B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

( Common to Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics,

Production Engineering and Automobile Engineering)

Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions

1. (a) What is meant by sterilization of water?

Expalin how sterilization of water is carried out by

using chlorine and ozone.

(b) 0.28 g of CaCO3 was dissolved in dil.HCl and the

solution made up to one litre with distilled water.

100 mL of the above solution required 28 mL of

EDTA solution for titration. 100 mL of the water

sample required 33 mL of same EDTA solution for

titration. After boiling 100 mL of this water, cooling,

filtering and then titration required 10 mL of EDTA

solution. Calculate the temporary and permanent

hardness of water. [9+7]

2. Write short notes on :

(a) Priming and Foaming

(b) Phosphate conditioning

(c) Caustic embrittlement. [5+6+5]

3. (a) Describe how electrochemical properties are

used in protecting submerged

metals from being corroded.

(b) Explain the corrosion of iron by dilute mineral

acids. [8+8]

4. (a) List the differences between anodic coating

and cathodic coating.

(b) How zinc coated on iron prevents corrosion?

(c) Explain sand blasting method of surface

preparation. [8+4+4]

5. (a) Explain the process of Extrusion moulding with

a neat diagram?

(b) How are the following polymers prepared?

Mention their properties and uses.

i. PVC

ii. LDPE. [6+10]

6. (a) Define Refractories and what are the criteria of

a good refractory?

(b) Give the clasification of refractories with suitable

examples. [6+10]

7. (a) Explain how the following act as lubricants:

i. Graphite

ii. Molybdenum disulphide.

(b) How does pour-point depressant function as an

additive in blended oils?[12+4]

8. (a) What is metallurgical coke? How it is superior

than coal? Explain the manu-

facture of metallurgical coke by Otto Hoffman’s by

product coke oven method.

List the various by products obtained.

(b) Define octane number of gasoline. Why is

ethylene di bromide added, when

tetra ethyl lead is used as an antiknock? [10+6]

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Re: B.E UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION Question paper - ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY« Reply #2 on: September 09, 2008, 03:30:02 PM »

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I B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep

2008

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

( Common to Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics,

Production Engineering and Automobile Engineering)

Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions

1. Write short notes on the following :

(a) Break-point chlorination

(b) Slow sand filtration

(c) Impurities in water and their effects. [5+5+6]

2. Write short notes on :

(a) Priming and Foaming

(b) Phosphate conditioning

(c) Caustic embrittlement. [5+6+5]

3. (a) What is electrochemical corrosion and how

does it occur? Describe its mech-

anism.

(b) What are corrosion inhibitors? Discuss anodic

and cathodic inhibitors with

suitable examples. [8+8]

4. (a) What are the functions of a thinner in a paint?

(b) What are organic coatings? Mention the factors

on which they depend ?

(c) Mention the function of antiskining agent which is

added to paint. Give ex-

amples. [6+6+4]

5. Write the structure of four addition polymers and

4 condensation polymers with

their respective monomers. [16]

6. (a) What is pyrometric cone equivalent? How it is

determined for a refractory?

What is its significance?

(b) Write a short note on:

i. porosity

ii. Thermal Conductivity

iii. Dimensional Stability

iv. strength. [8+8]

7. (a) Give the functions of lubricants.

(b) Describe the mechanism of extreme pressure

lubrication.

(c) How a viscous lubricant is converted into grease?

[6+6+4]

8. (a) Explain how fuels are classified with suitable

examples.

(b) Explain the significance of the following

constituents present in coal.

i. Moisture

ii. Volatile matter

iii. Ash and

iv. Fixed carbon. [8+8]

I B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep

2008

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

( Common to Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics,

Production Engineering and Automobile Engineering)

Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions

All Questions carry equal marks

1. Write a short note on the following:

(a) Ozonization

(b) Caustic embrittlement.

(c) Zeolite softeners. [4+6+6]

2. Write short notes on :

(a) Priming and Foaming

(b) Phosphate conditioning

(c) Caustic embrittlement. [5+6+5]

3. Write short note on the following:

(a) Concentration cell corrosion with an examples

(b) Conditions for wet corrosion to occur

(c) Units of the rate of corrosion. [10+3+3]

4. Briefly discuss the various metallic coatings that

prevent corrosion. [16]

5. (a) Explain the process of Extrusion moulding with

a neat diagram?

(b) How are the following polymers prepared?

Mention their properties and uses.

i. PVC

ii. LDPE. [6+10]

6. (a) Define Refractories and what are the criteria of

a good refractory?

(b) Give the clasification of refractories with suitable

examples. [6+10]

7. (a) Distinguish between hydrodynamic lubrication

and boundary lubrication.

(b) Distinguish between hydrodynamic lubrication

and extreme pressure lubrica-

tion. [8+8]

8. (a) Explain Junker’s gas calorimeter for the

determination of calorific value of a

gaseous fuel?

(b) Distinguish between the followings.

i. Gross and net calorific values

ii. Octane number and cetane number. [10+6]

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