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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED
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1. Introduction
RAPID project is one of the major downstream oil and gas development in the
country by PETRONAS since its debut thirty eight years ago. The project, with an
estimated investment cost of RM60 billion was announced by the Malaysian Premier
as part of the Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) to be one of the major
vehicle to attract Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) into Malaysia and expand the
country's access to world-class technologies. RAPID is envisaged to position
PETRONAS in the world map to become one of the leading competitive global oil and
gas majors.
RAPID major production components are the proposed refinery with refining capacity
of 300,000 barrels-per-day and petrochemical complexes with an annual combined
production of approximately 3,000,000 tonnes of ethylene, propylene, C4 and C5
olefins. On top of the main production plant, there will also be other facilities to
support RAPID operational requirements. These facilities are the Pengerang
Cogeneration Plant (PCP), the LNG Regassification Facility (RGT-2 Terminal) and
the centralised facility such as wastewater treatment, utility water supply,
instrumentation air and centralized flaring.
The key milestones to reach the RAPID first production target will be the Design
Feasibility Study stage (DFS), Front End Engineering Design stage (FEED), site
clearing and preparation and plant construction and testing and commissioning.
When this DEIA study is prepared, RAPID is at the pre-FEED stage and therefore
most of the information and data used in this report is based on early design data.
Where data is not available, information based on other similar operating plants will
be referred to.
2. Project Proponent and DEIA Consultants
The project will be developed by Petroliam Nasional Berhad and any inquiries relating
to RAPID should be directed to:
Petroliam Nasional Berhad
(Project RAPID-PETRONAS Downstream Business)
Level 62, Vista Tower
182, Jalan Tun Razak
50400 Kuala Lumpur
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Contact Person : En. Wan Yusoff Wan Hamat
Designation : Executive Project Director, RAPID
Telephone : (+603) 2858 2101
Facsimile : (+603) 2858 2111
E-mail : [email protected]
Website : www.petronas.com.my
Integrated Envirotech Sdn Bhd (IESB) has been appointed as the Environmental
Consultant to carry out the study and preparation of the DEIA report for this project.
Any inquiries relating to this DEIA report should be directed to:
Integrated Envirotech Sdn Bhd (650387-K)
No. 32-2, Jalan Setiawangsa 11A, Taman Setiawangsa
54200 Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia.
Contact Person : Dr. Mohd Zaki Bin Dato’ Mohd Said
Telephone : (+603) 4256 6623
Facsimile : (+603) 4251 9623
Email : [email protected]
Website : www.envirotech.com.my
3. Project Location
RAPID will be located on a 6,424 acres of land in West Pengerang, District of Kota
Tinggi, south-east of Johor. RAPID is bounded by the Strait of Singapore and Road
J52 to the south (connecting Sg Rengit to Tg Pengelih), Road 92 to the east (from Sg
Rengit to Kota Tinggi) and Sebana Cove Resort to the north. Significant landmarks
will be the Deepwater Terminal (PDWT) on the south and the Naval Base in Tanjung
Pengelih to the west. The proposed site currently consist of a mix of private
plantation, individual residential lots and state land which is leased for agriculture
related activities (Refer to Figure ES-1).
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4. Statement of Needs
In brief, Statement of Needs looks into the justification for RAPID to be implemented
in Pengerang, Johor. RAPID is one of the major investments to be made by
PETRONAS in developing domestic downstream oil and gas industry. This chapter
focuses on the importance of RAPID to PETRONAS sustainability and how RAPID
project fits into the followings:
a) Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) under business opportunities
identified in the National Key Economic Areas (NKEA);
b) Southern Johor Integrated Development Plan where Johor State are planning to
balance development from concentrating within the Johor Baharu district.
c) The Johor State Government aspiration to develop Pengerang as the new oil and
gas hub in Malaysia
Implementation of RAPID project is further supported by the availability of the
feedstock to be sourced out from other PETRONAS investment in other countries.
RAPID is also part of PETRONAS continuous effort to diversify its business and to
sustain its growth to be one of the global key oil and gas players. The decision to
implement RAPID was made after thorough market analysis which include studies on
the trend for the cycle of the crude oil and petrochemical product prices to determine
the appropriate timing to invest into new development project and looking into the
production of various petroleum and petrochemical products including specialty
chemicals to meet both domestic and regional demands.
Project RAPID is listed as one of the Entry Point Projects (EPP) under business
opportunities identified in the National Key Economic Areas (NKEA) that will
contribute to Growth National Income (GNI). Project RAPID will contribute in
sustaining oil production and enhancing downstream activities whilst positioning
Malaysia as the leading oil services hub in Asia.
RAPID is expected to be the major impetus transforming Southern Johor into the new
oil, gas and petrochemicals hub in Malaysia. Johor has the advantage of having the
infrastructure strategic and conducive for the required logistics for product and
feedstock movement. Further to this, Johor is seen as politically stable with attractive
governance support that has the potential to attract significant FDIs from world-class
companies who will not only invest in a profitable venture, but will also contribute to
technology and expertise to further develop our local in-house talent and capabilities
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The expected multiplier effect from RAPID will also be significant and vital for the
State of Johor where an estimated 40,000 (at peak) and 4,000 job opportunities will
be created during the RAPID four (4) years of construction phase and upon
operation, respectively. It is also expected that further 4,600 job opportunities to be
created from the FDI in the area of Pengerang. The spill over effect to other industries
to support the development in Pengerang will create an additional 10,000 job
opportunities.
5. Project Description
Project description in this DEIA report provides an overview of the RAPID project
which covers both Construction Phase and Operational Phase. The description for
the Construction Phase looks into the construction approach and strategy while the
description for the Operational Phase covers the description of each of the RAPID
project components. Overview provided in this chapter will be used as cross
reference in the assessment of the potential impacts and mitigating measures
discussed in Chapter 8 of this report.
RAPID is to be located on a 6,424 acres (2,600 ha) of land comprising agriculture and
residential land use. As the site areas is huge and involves resettlement of the
population and demolition of the existing structures, the construction implementation
philosophy is developed in such as way that it takes into account the phasing and
scheduling that matches the overall RAPID master implementation plan, committed
product delivery target dates and the State of Johor salient dates i.e. population
relocation, relocation of the cemeteries and availability of the utilities and amenities to
support the progress of the construction in the next four (4) years. Figure ES-2
shows the phases and the implementation schedule for the RAPID construction
phase.
The estimated RM60 billion investments will realised a world scale integrated plant
incorporated with state of the art technologies including the Best Available
Technology (BAT) to ensure consistent compliance to the regulatory requirements.
Design philosophy will include the green production concept with lower carbon
footprint and energy savings to ensure environmentally friendly production. RAPID
main components are the refinery and petrochemical plants. PCP will be supplying for
RAPID requirements with the excess energy and power generation to be supplied for
distribution to the national grid and Singapore. Gas from the RGT-2 Terminal will be
supplied to the PCP and excess to the PGU system.
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The locations of the main RAPID components are as indicated in Figure ES-3 of the
proposed plot plan layout for RAPID. In brief, RAPID main process units are as
describe below:
a) Refinery
This facility will include a 300,000 barrel-per-day refinery that produces naphtha,
gasoline, jet fuel, diesel and fuel oil. Main feedstock for the Refinery will be the
light crude from the Middle East (Basrah, Iraq) or equivalent. The crude oil is
brought to RAPID via crude vessel and delivery will be via the Pengerang
Deepwater Terminal (PDWT) and crude is pumped into storage tanks at the jetty
to allow it to separate the water from the crude oil. The crude oil is transported via
pipelines to the storage in the refinery prior being refined.
The refinery is designed to have a crude refining capacity of 300,000 BPSD into
the following products:
(i) Mogas : 65.7 kbd
(ii) Diesel : 92.7 kbd
(iii) Jet Fuel : 20.4 kbd
(iv) Fuel Oil : 27.3 kbd
(v) Sulphur : 460 ktpa
(vi) Naphtha : 103 kbd (feedstock for the Naphtha Steam Cracker)
The crude feedstock will also be the feedstock to the petrochemicals and polymer
complex including a three (3) million tonne-per-year (tpy) naphtha cracker and
petrochemical derivatives facilities focusing on synthetic rubber to meet the
increasing demand. The overall process flow block diagram which indicates the
feedstock, products and the main units for the Refinery is as in Figure ES-4.
Oil refinery will blend various feedstock, mix appropriate additives, provide short
term storage, and prepare for bulk loading to trucks, barges and product
shipments via the PDWT facility.
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b) Petrochemical Complex
The petrochemical complex is an integrated complex with the following main
process units are:
(i) Steam Cracker Unit;
(ii) C2 Derivatives Unit;
(iii) C3 Derivatives Unit;
(iv) C4 Derivatives Unit; and
(v) C5/C6 Derivatives Unit.
The associated products and production capacity in tons per annum (TPA) based
on 8,000 hours of operation for each of the main process units are as
summarised below:
Unit Name Unit Capacity (TPA)
a) STEAM CRACKER UNIT
: 1,100,000
b) C2 DERIVATIVES UNIT
- Linear Low Density PolyEthylene (LLDPE) : 350,000
- Low Density PolyEthylene (LDPE) : 150,000
- Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Glycol Unit (EOEG) : 540,000
- Glycol Ethers Unit
: 130,000
c) C3 DERIVATIVES UNIT
- Random PP Unit : 400,000
- Block PP Copolymers Unit : 200,000
- Propylene Oxide Unit : 260,000
- PolyPropylene Glycol Unit : 50,000
d) C4 DERIVATIVES UNIT
- Butadiene Extraction Unit : 170,000
- Polybutadiene Rubber Unit (PBR) : 100,000
- Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Unit (NBR) : 100,000
- IsoButylene Extraction Unit : 300,000
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Unit Name Unit Capacity (TPA)
- MethylMethAcrylate Unit (MMA) : 150,000
- PolyMethylMethAcrylate Unit (PMMA) : 150,000
e) C5/C6 DERIVATIVES UNIT
Pyrolysis Gasoline Unit (Pygas) : 748,000
C5 Dienes Extraction Unit : 60,000
Benzene Extraction Unit : 170,000
Cumene Unit : 270,000
Phenol Unit : 200,000
Bis-Phénol A Unit (BPA) : 200,000
The overall process flow block diagram which indicate the feedstock, products
and the main units for the Petrochemical Plant is as in Figure ES-5.
c) Central Utility Facilities (CUF)
The facilities encompass the followings:
Power/ Cogeneration (COGEN) plant aka Pengerang Cogen Plant (PCP);
LNG Regasification Facility (RGT-2 Terminal); and
Other Utilities Facility
Offsite Storage and Facility
(i) Pengerang Cogeneration Plant (PCP)
Power/ Cogeneration (COGEN) plant is known as Pengerang Cogen Plant
(PCP) with a designed total power and steam generation system capacity of
approximately 2,000 MW in electricity and 2,131 t/h of steam. The main fuel
for the plant is natural gas to be supplied from the LNG Regasification Plant
(RGT2). In brief, PCP comprises :
Six (6) of Gas Turbines Generators (GTGs) and six (6) nos of Heat
Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs);
Three (3) Steam Turbine Generators (STG) on 3 blocks;
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The excess power generation will partly be sold to the national grid and partly
supplied to the neighbouring country. The main process units for PCP are as in
Figure ES-6.
(ii) Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Regasification Facility (RGT-2 Terminal)
RGT-2 Terminal receives and stores LNG from LNG carriers, vaporizes the
LNG and delivers natural gas to components in the RAPID complex. The
natural gas (NG) system will convey gas from the LNG Regasification Plant
(RGT-2 Terminal) to the PCP gas turbines. The regasification process in
RGT-2 Terminal involves conversion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) back to
natural gas to be used as feedstock for the power plant (PCP) to supply for
energy. The regasification capacity of the RGT-2 Terminal plant is 10
MTPA (1400 mmscfd). The gas will be delivered to PCP for conversion into
energy and steam to be supplied for RAPID consumption. The excess gas
is sent out to the national gas network which is the Peninsular Gas
Utilisation Grid (PGU) system, located approximately 75 km away from
RAPID.
The main process units for RGT-2 Terminal are as in Figure ES-7.
(iii) Centralized Facility (CUF)
The facility includes the facilities which are centralized to cater and support
for the operational needs of RAPID complex. The utilities are designed to
meet the requirements of various plants operating modes including start-
ups, shutdowns, turn down operations, peak load etc without affecting the
product quality, equipment performance and reliability. CUF consists of the
following major components:
Fuel Gas System;
Water systems (i.e. potable water, fire water, service water, demineralized water);
Cooling Water System
Steam Systems (i.e. boiler feed water, steam and condensate system)
Air Separation;
Effluent Treatment Plant;
Gaseous Emission Control including the centralised flaring units;
Waste Management;
Chemical Storage;
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(iv) Offsite Storage and Facility
The offsites and tankage area are located at two (2) different places i.e.
Crude Storage, Petrochemical Feedstock and Final Product within Tanks
Marine and Jetty facilities located outside RAPID and which will be built
and operated by third party and within the RAPID offsites and tankages
which include intermediate tanks, day tanks, slop tanks and blending
facilities.
6. Project Option
This chapter discusses on options that were evaluated prior to decision to proceed
with the project design and implementation. The evaluation on the project options
justifies the project implementation decision and the followings are taken into
account:
a) Options based on Cost Benefit Analysis
b) Options for the technology selection of the project
c) Options for the locations of the projects
The initial step for a decision to initiate a project is to look into the Cost Benefit
Analysis where extensive studies were conducted to look into the trending in the past
couple of decades for the global market demand for the oil and gas related products.
Projection in the future demand and current market supply was studied to ensure the
extent of the supply gaps which PETRONAS can leverage onto. The economics and
cost benefit analysis provides the base decision for PETRONAS on deciding for
options of the types of plants and products to focus on i.e. products from refinery and
petrochemical plants and the volume of the production based on the projected
demand.
The types of specific target product and its quantity provide the base information on
the capacity of the proposed RAPID development. From here, concept of RAPID
together with options of the available technology for the plant to produce the intended
production capacity and types of products were studied under the Design Feasibility
Study (DFS). DFS provides options for the concept of the technology selection and
recommends the best options to be adopted. Evaluation for each of the options is
based on factors such as available technology to produce the products, schedule to
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implement the project to meet the projected global demand and right feedstock price
and economic evaluation of investment and the associated return period.
Finally, upon the decision of the options of the technology and components of RAPID
development is made, the suitable site location options were evaluated. In general,
the site location options usually takes into account the availability of land area to suit
the land requirements of the proposed development, policy of the State on supporting
the development i.e. infrastructure, tax structure, land ownership and acquisition
process and availability or close proximity to the source of feedstock for production
and feedstock for the utility requirements;
The discussion on this chapter is narrow down to the options of the site made
available Johor State and shall not be centred on the options for the design concept
of the plant for RAPID. The design concept of RAPID (capacity, types of production
and development components) is basically already at the advance stage. However,
as the engineering design is still at an early stage, the confirmed technology selection
based on BATs and best practices has not been finalised. As RAPID is one of the
major development in the country and will be facing a high expectation to adopt the
state of the art technology that consider the production cost, economy of scale and
global demand for the environmentally friendly operation.
7. Scope and Methodology
This chapter discusses the scope and the methodology utilized for assessing the
baseline conditions of the RAPID project area and approach taken in conducting the
specialized study.
The environmental baseline study (EBS) was carried out to establish environmental
conditions on the existing environment of the RAPID study area. EBS covers the site
and the areas 5 km surrounding the site. Baseline data are derived from two sources
i.e. primary data from specific field surveys executed, and secondary data from
existing available databases, literature, remote sensing, etc.
The EBS encompasses various environmental components which include the
physical, chemical, biological and human environments. The baseline environmental
data will be used as a yardstick to measure the extent of impact to the surrounding
environment and nearby receptors during the phases of the project development. It
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will also be used in the future to gauge the effectiveness of the control/mitigating
measures adopted during the construction and operational phases of this project.
The EBS studies included in this DEIA are:
Environmental sampling and analysis for the ambient air, surface water,
marine water, noise, soil and ground water quality, seabed sediment quality;
Fish Catch Analysis and fish landing information;
Socio economic survey for 355 respondent from the villages in the study area;
The specialized studies are carried out by the certified subject matter experts and
include:
Flora and fauna mapping;
Traffic Analysis Study;
Qualitative Risk Assessment
Air Dispersion Study;
Health Assessment Study;
Erosion and Sediment Control Plan
Coastal and River Hydraulic Modeling
The specialized study in this chapter outlines the objective of the study, methodology
or study approach and key results or findings expected from the study and how it is
used in the impact assessment and proposal of mitigating measures.
8. Description of the Existing Environment
The chapter on the description of existing environment looks into the description of
the physical, chemical, biological and human environment. The study on the existing
environment covers an area of 5 km radius from the RAPID site boundary and shall
be used as base conditions for comparison in the future so that the RAPID activities
sustains the same environmental quality.
Physical environment presents data on the current physical condition of the study
area. This includes the topography, drainage pattern, soil strata and geological
formation, meteorological information, bathymetry and marine data and land use
pattern of the study area.
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In general, it can be concluded that due to the size of the study area, the topography
of the site is a variation of high elevation to low lying areas towards the coast in the
south and Sg Santi catchment in the north. Similar finding for the geological condition
where the soil investigation findings indicated the study area is a mixture of various
soil types ranging from soft soil to hard rock. No major gazette river is identified to
flow through the project site. The land use pattern is a mixture of agriculture and
residential.
The chemical environment involves conducting the sampling and analysis of the
ambient air, noise, surface and marine water quality, soil and groundwater quality and
seabed sediment quality. The numbers of the monitoring points are as summarized
below :
(i) Air quality station : 28 points
(ii) Noise level station : 28 points
(iii) Surface water quality station : 10 points
(iv) Marine water quality station : 8 points
(v) Seabed sediment quality station : 8 points
(vi) Soil quality station : 30 points
(vii) Groundwater quality station : 30 points
Generally, analysis result indicated that the ambient air, marine water and seabed
sediment quality are good with most of the parameter are lower than the reference
limits/standards. Some of the river monitoring points shows high level of arsenic,
cadmium, iron, lead and manganese presence exceeding the reference
limit/standards. The existing ambient noise level generally can be considered as high
and most of the monitored locations showed readings exceeding the reference limit.
The soil and ground water quality majority indicated level of parameters which are
lower than the reference limit/standards with results of some of the monitoring points
indicated level of arsenic and iron exceeding the reference limit/standard.
The biological environment includes the inventory of the flora and fauna, marine
aquatic life and marine fishery resources. From the flora and fauna mapping and
survey, the study area does not have any significant sighting or record of endangered
flora or fauna species that are protected or categorized as endangered. However, Sg
Santi mangrove area is not covered in the study as it is more than 5 km away from
the study area.
The study on the marine aquatic life indicated that the marine species present in the
coastal areas is of low diversity where there is no recorded presence of corals which
are the main sanctuary for marine life. As Johor is also known to be one of the
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Dugong stranding areas and identified locations for the seagrass, inventory of the
Dugong sighting and stranding areas are also included in the study. The marine
fishery resource inventory is also included in the study as there will be a few numbers
of landing jetties and lobsters breeding areas.
This study on the existing human environment includes the socio-economic
assessment, health assessment; and traffic count survey. The socio economic
studies focused at the existing economic conditions as well as the predicted impacts
of the RAPID project towards the population in the surrounding communities. The
findings on public perception on the projects and what are the environmental losses
that they anticipated were derived from the survey conducted on 355 respondents
that represent the impacted population group/villages in the study area. The villages
where the surveys are conducted are as indicated in Figure ES-8.
The survey also gauged the health profile and hygiene conditions of the communities
residing within and in the surrounding areas of the RAPID site (up to 5 km radius from
RAPID site boundary). Of concern will be the findings on the waste disposal practice
which are not systematic due to poor collection system. Majority of the waste are
burnt instead of disposed to the approved locations. Data was also gathered from the
local health clinics and hospitals to record the cases of disease that is predicted to be
on the rise due to RAPID implementation i.e. air pollution related disease, skin
diseases, water borne diseases and sexually transmitted diseases.
The traffic survey reviews the existing land and marine traffic activities to ascertain
current traffic conditions.
9. Potential Impact and Mitigating Measures
This section identifies the potential impacts that may arise as a result of the RAPID
project implementation activities and evaluates the significance of the impacts. The
potential impacts will be assessed for the two (2) project implementation phases i.e.
construction and testing, commissioning and operational phase. The key project
activities assessed at each of the phases are:
a) Construction Phase
Access to site
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Drainage facilities
Site clearing
Earthworks
Temporary construction facilities and base camp
Facility construction and equipment installation
b) Operational Phase
Access to site
Drainage systems
Air emission
Discharge into the surface water
Effluent discharge into the marine water
Waste management
Noise level
The key environmental components that will likely to be impacted include:
a) Physico-chemical environment
Air Quality;
Surface water quality;
Marine water quality;
Noise level;
Odour level;
b) Biological Environment
Marine life and ecology
River ecosystem
Flora and fauna
c) Human Environment
Human health and safety
Economic activities
Social well being
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As summary, the construction activities that will create significant impacts will be from
the site clearing and ground leveling works as it involves huge construction areas,
high volume of the materials to be disposed and movement of a big numbers of
construction vehicles. The main environmental components that may be significantly
affected are the water quality of the receiving water bodies, dust generation and
safety issues to the nearby communities. Various mitigating measures are proposed
to be adopted among which are the provision of sediment basin to cater for the
increased of the surface runoff and carryover of the sediment into the water bodies,
efficient traffic management plan and an effective environmental management plan.
The influx of the semi skilled and unskilled construction workers and business related
to construction activities is expected to boom in the next four (4) years. This may
generate business potentials and is a positive impact to the local communities.
However, this also may pose a negative social, cultural and religious conflict and
sensitivity to the local populations.
Upon RAPID operation, the main activities of concern will be the emission into the air
due to the various types of plant processes and emission sources, high volume of the
discharges into the marine water, water management due to the various types of
waste generated and high volume to be handled daily, economic activities required to
support for the plants operation and impact to the social and living status of the
locals.
For plant related processes, various engineering protective measures were to be
incorporated in the plant design to ensure plant is operated efficiently, safely and
environmentally friendly especially in the event of emergency and shutdown. RAPID
is expected to generated spillover effect to Pengerang which may attract FDIs to fulfill
the Johor state aspiration for the growth of a new oil and gas hub in Johor. This is
seen to be positive to the local economic growth and the living status of the
communities. However, as Pengerang is a quite area with slow pace development,
the sudden changes with influx of outsiders and foreigners may have negative impact
to the livelihood of the communities.
The impact registers and the proposal for the mitigating measures are as summarized
in the followings Table ES-3 and ES-4 while Figure ES-9 shows the impact matrix for
the RAPID project.
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10. Residual Impact
This chapter discusses the residual impacts which are environmental impacts that
may still persist, although mitigation measures to minimise the impacts are fully
implemented and complied during the RAPID project activities, both in construction
and operation phases.
Residual impact has not been identified resulting from the construction activities as
the impacts are mainly localized and short term. However, the operation stage may
results in residual impacts particularly in the air quality, marine biological life, flora
and fauna ecosystem and the socio economic of the locals.
The residual impact from the emission to the air from RAPID is expected to be
minimal and insignificant for the normal operation but is expected to be significant
during emergency scenario. However, various mitigating and protective measures to
safeguard the environment has been incorporated in the plant design. The dispersion
study and the ground level concentrations are meeting the Recommended Malaysia
Ambient Air Quality Guidelines (RMAAQG) and will not have any health effect of
concern due to exposure to the pollutants.
The residual impact is expected to be to the flora and fauna and the marine
ecosystem. Residual impact to the marine life is expected to be minimal and localised
as dispersion condition in the outfall areas is good and the exchange capacity of the
marine water is high. Residual impact to the flora and fauna and the ecology system
in the vicinity of the study area results from the clearing and ground leveling of the
site that will destroy the natural habitats. However this is not expected to be
significant as the area is low in diversity and there are ample habitat areas nearby for
the flora and fauna to migrate and developed and new ecological chain.
The major and significant residual impact to the study area and the surrounding
communities will be on the socio and economic well being of the areas. Economic
wise, the residual impact is positive and beneficial for the local community, Johor
State and the nation. However, with the influx of outsiders and immigrant workers of
various skills, there may be changes in the lifestyles of the locals which may results in
negative cultural, religious and social conflict.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES17 of 52
11. Economic Evaluation
The economic valuation exercise monetizes the significant physical impacts in term of
environmental costs and benefits. Valuation was undertaken upon the economic
costs occurring from the project that includes the followings:
a) Expenditure on mitigation measures for pollution control measures i.e. scrubbers
units, CEMS installation and the wastewater treatment facility;
b) Residual GHG emissions from the burning of fuel that include pollutants such as
carbon dioxides (CO2), sulphur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) that may
have the long term effect to the environment;
c) Decline in economic value from the closure and destruction of various agricultural
and fishery investments by the local community.
The economic valuation in this report has been confined to the RAPID site and the 5
km radius from the site boundary. Main constraint of extending the exercise outside of
the study area and evaluating the impact to the environment and community is due to
lack of concrete cause and effect evidence between the project development and the
potential impacts that may take place. The numbers generated under this study is
basically an estimation to monetize the losses to various stakeholders including the
Project Proponent and should not be used as basis for claiming any compensation.
Cumulating the negative impacts together over a period of ten years and discounting
the cash flows using interest rates of 3%, 5% and 7%, provided an estimated range of
-RM5.4 billion to - RM4.8 billion in potential losses to various stakeholders. Out of the
Total Economic Value (TEV) estimates of RM5,210 million (discount rate of 5%), the
project proponent would incur a total economic cost of more than RM631.2 million or
12.11% for investment in safeguarding the environment while the rest of the losses
goes to the society.
12. Quantitative Risk Assessment
This chapter covers the Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) study conducted for the
process units in the RAPID project. The objectives of the QRA study are to identify
and quantify the probability and consequences of the potential accidents at the
proposed plants that may impact the surrounding offsite areas, to calculate the level
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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ES18 of 52
of risk, and to suggest measures to reduce the level of risk if higher than the
allowable level in compliance with DOE risk criteria.
Findings from the QRA study indicated that the extent of all consequences assessed
are limited within the industrial development surrounding the proposed RAPID
facilities, which is in compliance with DOE’s risk acceptance criteria as followings :
That the following hazard zones/ Individual Risk contour for credible
scenarios are within the site boundary
- 37.5kW/m2 heat radiation hazard zone;
- The 5psi overpressure contour (credible scenarios only); and
- The 1x10-5
per year IR contour.
IR Contours:
- The 1 x 10-5
per year IR contour remains within the site boundary, i.e.
RAPID development facility only; and
- The 1 x 10-6
per year IR contour remains within the established
industrial development, i.e. RAPID site boundary.
The above results are in compliance of the requirements stipulated by the DOE risk
criteria as shown below :
IR Contours Max Distance to
Contour (m)
Confirmation
1 × 10-5
per year 402 Contours confined within each unit process
boundary.
1 × 10-6
per year 2,370
The contour extends offsite from each unit
process at north, south and west. Contours
confined within RAPID site boundary.
In conclusion, the QRA study has assessed that RAPID satisfies the individual risk
criteria as set out by the DOE and illustrated in Figure ES-10. However, it is deemed
that worst case scenarios may pose an impact to the surrounding areas of the
proposed project.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES19 of 52
13. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
This chapter outlines the environmental management requirements for RAPID
construction and operation stage. The main objectives of the EMP are to comply to
the DOE requirements and the tools for check and balance of the project activities
that that place, indicator that trigger the early action to remediate the environmental
non conformance and tracking the effectiveness of the mitigating measures adopted.
EMP includes the incorporation of the recommended measures for the control of
erosion and sedimentation (described in the ESCP Study), the monitoring of the
environmental performance at critical locations and the environmental audit exercise.
In brief the main EMP program are as summarized below :
a) Monitoring Program
The proposed monitoring program is as below but will be later refined to suit DOE
requirements and to include the DEIA Conditions of Approval. The sampling
points are selected to monitor the environmental performance and impacts to the
sensitive receptors located outside of the RAPID boundary, control points for
comparison and points within the site to capture the effectiveness of the
mitigating measures installed.
Table ES-1 : Proposed Monitoring Program During Construction Stage
No Stations No of
Stations
Monitoring
Frequency
Submission of
Report to DOE
1 Air Quality 22 Monthly Quarterly
2 Noise Level 22 Monthly Quarterly
3 Sediment Basins 17 Monthly Quarterly
4 Sewage discharge point 2 Monthly Quarterly
5 Surface Water Quality 7 Monthly Quarterly
6 Marine Water Quality 3 Monthly Quarterly
7 Seabed Sediment Quality 3 Quarterly Biannual
8 Soil Quality 14 Monthly Quarterly
9. Groundwater Quality 14 Monthly Quarterly
Environmental Audit during construction to be conducted : Annually
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES20 of 52
Table ES-2 : Proposed Monitoring Program During Operation Stage
No Stations No of
Stations
Monitoring
Frequency
Submission of
Report to DOE
1 Air Quality 17 Quarterly Biannual
2 Noise Level 17 Quarterly Biannual
3. Cooling/Effluent Discharge outfall 1 Quarterly Biannual
4 Surface Water Quality and Retention
Basins
13 Quarterly Biannual
5 Sewage discharge point 1 Quarterly Biannual
6 Marine Water Quality 3 Quarterly Biannual
7 Seabed Sediment Quality 3 Quarterly Biannual
8 Soil Quality 14 Quarterly Biannual
9. Groundwater Quality 14 Monthly Quarterly
Environmental Audit is to be conducted internally by the individual plant operators
once in every 2 years.
14. Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
This chapter outlines the general framework of the Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
to provide standard guidelines on handling any emergency incidents that may
potentially occur during the RAPID project construction and operation stage. This
chapter also outlines procedures in emergency response in coordination with the
relevant government agencies and nearby communities. Main objective of having an
ERP is to guide the project in a safe, timely, and effective response to incidents that
threaten the plant area and public health, safety, or welfare. It is also intended to
promote coordination among project owner, local, private public and state responders
and determine the training of involved personnel in improving the level of emergency
preparedness. The ERP under this Chapter also outlines the roles and responsibility
of the personnel at site and in plant organization during the emergency scenario.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES21 of 52
15. Conclusion
The proposed study area in Pengerang is in general an area with slow pace
development where the main economic activities revolve in the agriculture and fishery
sector. The baseline data indicated the current environment quality is generally good.
Upon the implementation of RAPID, the study area will experience major changes
which may have impact to the surrounding environment, local communities and
current economic scenario.
During construction stage, identified major impacts may be from the site clearing and
earthwork activities mainly due to the size of the site to be developed. The impacts
may be significant however only for short duration. The influx of big numbers of
workers to this area will inadvertently generate positive impact to the local economic
activities but may impose negative social impacts to the local communities.
Upon RAPID operation, main concern will be on the emission to the air causing
nuisance and health effect to the nearby receptors and the management of the
various types of waste generated by various plant processes in RAPID. However,
with adoption of the effective Environmental Management Plan, state of the art
technologies, appropriate mitigating measures that meet compliance, BATs, best
practices and lesson learnt from other PETRONAS Operating Units, the potential
impacts to the environment and nearby receptors can be reduce.
Upon operation, RAPID will permanently transform Pengerang and enhance the
community living status. The ripples of the economic spill will be cascaded to benefit
not just Johor State but also the nation as well.
It should be noted that this DEIA report was prepared at an early RAPID development
phase when the project is at a very preliminary design stage. Most of the information
and data used in this report is subjected to changes when RAPID is at the later
design stage which may include the final plot plan layout, selection of the
technologies, final capacity of the plants and list of RAPID components. There will be
submissions of additional data either as addendum or supplementary reports to
update DOE progressively when information is available or when design are finalized.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES22 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
1. Access to Site a) Movement of
construction
related vehicles
from the site into
J52 and Road
90
Generation of the fugitive dust
and increased in noise level
along the access road may
affect residence in Kg Lepau
Dust from construction activities
may also trigger respiratory
diseases like asthma, rhinitis
and respiratory infections
Safety of other road users at
J52 and Road 90 and
residences along the access
route to the site ingress and
egress
Damage to the existing laterite
road which may not be able to
take the additional load from the
heavy construction vehicles
MODERATE
a) Air Quality
b) Noise Level
c) Safety
d) Amenities
SHORT
TERM
Enforcement of speed restrictions to reduce
dust generation and dispersion (~15 km/h);
Exposed soil areas, excavated materials,
stockpiles and on-site haul roads should be
dampened with water during dry season
Vehicle wheel-wash facilities are to be
provided at the exit(s) of the RAPID
construction site and to be fully manned;
Lorry loads should be provided with
adequate sizes of secure load covers;
Ensure proper housekeeping and cleanliness
of the entire construction site especially at
the exit and entrance to the site;
Construction of a network of temporary
internal roads with proper traffic movement
plan to avoid the potential collision of the
construction vehicles;
Upgrade the existing identified access route
to take the additional construction vehicle
load
Structured traffic management plan to
prevent safety issues with the existing road
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES23 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
users.
b) Closure of part
of the existing
road from J52 to
Kg Lepau
Disruption to the user of the J52
road to access from Tg
Pengelih to Kg Lepau and Kg
Rengit and vice versa.
MINOR
a) Amenities
SHORT
TERM
Provision of an alternative road to access
from J52 to Kg Lepau and Road 90 while
waiting for the new road proposed by the
State
2.
Drainage
Facilities
a) Realignment of
the Existing
Drainage
System and
Construction of
the Temporary
Drainage
Flooding of the downstream
receiving water bodies affecting
nearby residences
Deterioration of the water
quality of the receiving water
bodies
Disturb and smothered
sedentary organisms that
results in loss of benthic and
bottom feeding organisms
Water ponding/ water log of the
areas within the site will be
potential breeding ground for
mosquitoes
MAJOR
Surface Water
Quality
Marine Water
Quality
Health
SHORT
TERM
Provision of the sediment basin to retain the
additional surface water runoff and to ensure
water quality of downstream water bodies
are not affected;
Implement soil stabilization techniques in
accordance to ESCP.
Stockpiling of topsoil away from
watercourse.
Effluent discharge monitoring program at
sediment/retention basins prior to release to
external water bodies;
To conduct regular check on the water
ponds/ water logs area to ensure mosquitoes
breeding are under control
Ensure proper housekeeping and
cleanliness of the entire construction site.
3. Site Clearing a) Trees Cutting Carryover of the suspended Implement Erosion Sediment Control Plan
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES24 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
and Removal
from site to
disposal area
solids and organic content in
the surface run-off could result
in potential flooding of the
downstream receiving water
bodies and deceased in the
water quality and disturb and
smothered sedentary
organisms.
Lorries movement transporting
the waste material to disposal
site will cause increased in
traffic volume, increase in noise
level and concern on safety to
public;
Fugitive dust generation from
vehicle and equipment engine
exhaust and wind erosion of
unpaved works area during
construction activities may
trigger respiratory diseases like
asthma, rhinitis and respiratory
infections
Biomass and unsuitable
materials not removed from site
will cause water logging and
breeding ground for
MAJOR
Surface water
quality
Marine water
quality
Air quality
Traffic
Noise Level
Health
Flora
Fauna
SHORT
TERM
(ESCP) as recommended in the ESCP
study (Sediment and retention basins)
Construction of temporary drainage and
sediment ponds prior to tree cutting and site
clearing
The proposed design of the platform level
will be optimised through a balance cut and
fill to minimise the import or export of the
materials
Construction of a network of temporary
internal roads with proper traffic movement
plan to avoid the potential collision of the
construction vehicles
Vehicle wheel-wash facilities are to be
provided at the exit(s) of the RAPID
construction site and manned at all times
and the tyres of all vehicles exiting the site
must be cleaned;
Vehicle on-site speed restrictions should be
imposed to reduce dust generation and
dispersion (~15 km/h);
During the transport of potentially dusty
materials to/from the site, lorry loads should
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES25 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
mosquitoes;
Heavy machinery such as
bulldozers, excavators, lorries
and 4WD vehicles involved in
the site clearing and earthwork
activities may cause spillage
incidents affecting the soil and
groundwater quality
Tree cutting for land clearing is
likely to damage or destroy key
habitats such as nesting sites,
including old hollow trees,
feeding and breeding grounds
for wildlife.
The tress cutting and site
levelling may displace fauna
away from their current habitat
to the nearby villagers causing
nuisance, disturbance and
issues of safety for the nearby
residents.
The sudden appearance of
cleared ground along their
usual pathway could cause
disorientation to the natural
be provided with adequate secure load
covers;
Effective environmental management plan to
ensure proper housekeeping and cleanliness
of the entire construction site
Minimize the volume of waste to be disposed
by selling the reusable materials such as the
cut rubber tress and structures demolished
which can be done via segregation of waste;
Designated temporary dumping on site prior
to removal of the biomass to the designated
disposal site;
Identification of the disposal site to be
closest to RAPID site;
Disposal site that has the capacity to accept
the waste volume has been identified and
approved by the relevant authorities;
Exposed soil areas, excavated materials,
stockpiles and on-site haul roads should be
dampened with water during dry ambient
conditions.
Construct security posts at the critical
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES26 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
migratory instinct of some
avifauna and animals.
locations along the RAPID site Boundary to
ensure the safety of the nearby publics and
to prevent trespassers
No unnecessary logging is done in areas
outside the development area e.g. the buffer
zones, mangrove forests.
Boundaries must be clearly marked on the
ground demarcating land clearing blocks.
Chemicals, metals and other hazardous
substances which are brought into the site
must be carefully-handled and stored to
prevent spillage from contaminating the soil,
ground water and nearby water bodies;
Any fauna encountered during the
construction, particularly snakes and lizards
should be carefully removed and released
into the adjacent forest.
Solid waste from the construction site,
especially plastic material that may be
picked up and consumed by fauna species
and other wildlife, needs to be discarded
safely and properly managed
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES27 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
b) Demolition of the
existing
structures and
services
relocation
(Phase 2)
Lorries movement transporting
the demolition material to
disposal site will cause
increased in traffic volume,
increase in noise level and
concern on safety to public;
The presence of the workmen
and the noise of equipment like
chainsaw and tractors could
create disturbance on nearby
villagers.
Demolition and services
relocation waste not removed
from site will cause water
logging and breeding ground for
mosquitoes;
Fugitive dust generation from
vehicle and equipment engine
exhaust and wind erosion of
unpaved works area during
construction activities may
trigger respiratory diseases like
asthma, rhinitis and respiratory
infections
Demolition of the existing utility
MODERATE
Surface water
quality
Marine water
quality
Soil and
groundwater
Quality
Air quality
Traffic
Noise Level
SHORT
TERM
Segregation and salvaging the waste
material which can be sold and reuse to
reduce disposal volume;
Identification of the disposal site closest to
RAPID site with adequate capacity to cater
for the waste generated;
Designated temporary dumping on site prior
to removal of the waste material to the
designated disposal site;
Vehicle wheel-wash facilities are to be
provided at the exit(s) of the RAPID
construction site and manned at all times
and the tyres of all vehicles exiting the site
must be cleaned;
Vehicle on-site speed restrictions should be
imposed to reduce dust generation and
dispersion (~15 km/h);
During the transport of potentially dusty
materials to/from the site, lorry loads should
be provided with adequate secure load
covers
Efficient HSE management plan that ensure
effective housekeeping and cleanliness of
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES28 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
services may disrupt the
downstream end users causing
nuisance to the public livelihood
the entire construction site.
Route selection from Road 90 to avoid close
to existing villages and causing nuisance to
the existing residences
Construction of a network of temporary
internal roads with proper traffic movement
plan to avoid the potential collision of the
construction vehicles;
Upgrade the existing identified access route
Provision of the sediment basin to retain the
additional surface water runoff and to ensure
water quality of downstream water bodies
are not affected;
All fuel oil, chemical and hazardous waste
storage to be bunded with concrete flooring
or HDPE liners.
All fuel oil, chemical and hazardous waste
storage and refueling shall be away from
watercourses at specified designated
locations.
Spill clean-up kit to be made available where
appropriate and spills incidents to be
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES29 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
reported to the HSE focal immediately;
Contaminated soil removed as hazardous
waste
4. Earthworks a) Transportation
of the topsoil
and unsuitable
material for
disposal
Lorries movement transporting
the demolition material to
disposal site will cause
increased in traffic volume,
increase in noise level and
concern on safety to public;
Fugitive dust generation from
vehicle and equipment engine
exhaust and wind erosion of
unpaved works area during
construction activities may
trigger respiratory diseases like
asthma, rhinitis and respiratory
infections
Waste of topsoil and unsuitable
materials not removed from
site will cause water logging
and breeding ground;
Increased in surface water
runoff which result in potential
flooding of the downstream
receiving water bodies and
MAJOR
Surface water
quality
Marine water
quality
Air quality
Traffic
Noise Level
Flora and
Fauna
Public Safety
SHORT
TERM
Vehicle wheel-wash facilities are to be
provided at the exit(s) of the RAPID
construction site and manned at all times
and the tyres of all vehicles exiting the site
must be cleaned;
Vehicle on-site speed restrictions should be
imposed to reduce dust generation and
dispersion (~15 km/h);
During the transport of potentially dusty
materials to/from the site, lorry loads should
be provided with adequate secure load
covers;
Efficient HSE management Plan to ensure
proper housekeeping and cleanliness of the
entire construction site.
Design of the platform level to ensure
balanced cut and fill volume that will
minimise the export of material from the site;
Identification of the disposal site to be
closest to RAPID site;
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES30 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
deceased in the water quality;
Heavy machinery such as
bulldozers, excavators, lorries
and 4WD vehicles will be
involved in the site clearing and
earthwork activities may have
negative spillage impacts on the
surrounding flora
Provision of retention/sediment ponds to
cater for the increased in surface runoff and
ensure the water quality are discharged as
per authority requirements;
Construct security posts at the critical
locations along the RAPID site Boundary to
ensure the safety of the nearby publics and
to prevent trespassers
Route selection from Road 90 to avoid close
to existing kampungs and causing nuisance
to the existing residences
Construction of a network of temporary
internal roads with proper traffic movement
plan to avoid the potential collision of the
construction vehicles;
Upgrade the existing identified access route
to take the additional construction vehicle
load
All fuel oil, chemical and hazardous waste
storage to be bunded with concrete flooring
or HDPE liners.
All fuel oil, chemical and hazardous waste
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES31 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
storage and refueling shall be away from
watercourses (>50m).
Spills to be reported and immediately to the
site HSE focal and contained. The
contaminated soil is to be removed as
hazardous waste
b) Soil Erosion Potential erosion due to
massive areas of site clearing
and levelling may cause
deterioration of water quality
and instability of the finished
platform;
MODERATE
Surface water
quality
Marine water
quality
River and
marine ecology
Public Safety
SHORT
TERM
Immediate turfing or engineering
protection measures to prevent/minimise
erosion
Provision of retention/sediment ponds to
cater for the increased in surface runoff
and ensure the water quality are
discharged as per authority requirements.
The sediment basins need to be
maintained to ensure efficiency and
discharge is meeting the requirements;
Efficient HSE management to ensure
proper housekeeping and cleanliness of
the entire construction site.
c) Rock Blasting Increase the noise level and
fugitive dusts
Safety of the surrounding public
from the blasted rocks.
MINOR
Noise Level
Air Quality
Public Safety
SHORT
TERM
To obtain permit from the relevant authorities
and public to be informed on the schedule
for the blasting;
Blasting to be carried out by
professionals/experts which are licensed by
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES32 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
Fugitive dust generation may
trigger respiratory diseases like
asthma, rhinitis and respiratory
infections
the relevant authorities;
Blasting to be carried out in the shortest
schedule possible to minimise the duration of
the impact to the public and surroundings;
Construct security posts at the critical
locations along the RAPID site Boundary to
ensure the safety of the nearby publics and
to prevent trespassers
Vibration and noise monitoring during blasting
Vehicle wheel-wash facilities are to be
provided at the exit(s) of the RAPID
construction site and manned at all times
and the tyres of all vehicles exiting the site
must be cleaned;
Vehicle on-site speed restrictions should be
imposed to reduce dust generation and
dispersion (~15 km/h);
During the transport of potentially dusty
materials to/from the site, lorry loads should
be provided with secure load covers; load
covers should extend at least 30 cm over the
tail and side boards
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES33 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
Ensure proper housekeeping and
cleanliness of the entire construction site.
5. Temporary
Construction
Facilities and
Base Camps
a) Sanitation
facilities
Hygiene and health condition of
the areas surrounding the base
camp
Breeding ground for vermin and
spreading of water borne
diseases such as dengue and
cholera due to poor waste
management and uncollected
garbage;
Deterioration of the water
quality due to discharge of
untreated or partially treated
sewage;
MODERATE
Surface water
quality
Marine water
quality
River and
marine ecology
Public health
Aesthetics
SHORT
TERM
Garbage to be collected frequently and
disposed at the approved domestic waste
disposal site;
Provision of package plants for the sewage
treatment that meet the regulated standards
prior to discharge into the water bodies;
Construct security posts at the critical
locations along the RAPID site Boundary to
ensure the safety of the nearby publics and
to prevent trespassers
Efficient HSE management Plan to ensure
proper housekeeping and cleanliness of the
entire base camp.
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES34 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
b) Influx of Foreign
Workers
Social related issues
Foreign workers who are not
properly screen for infectious
diseases may transmit them to
the local population
Increased in demand for
housing facilities and other
amenities
Increased in the local economic
activities i.e. small food stalls,
grocery shops etc. to cater for
the influx of the workers at the
RAPID site
MODERATE
Amenities
Social Issues
Economic
Activities
Public health
Aesthetics
SHORT
TERM
To impose ground rules within the base
camp and enforce by the officers appointed
by the management
Foreign workers must be screened and
undergo health check for infectious diseases
Base camp is part of the mitigating
measures to contain the foreign workers
within the project site to prevent social
related issues with the local communities;
Base camp is a measure to overcome the
shortages of the existing housing facilities in
Pengerang and nearby towns
Increased in the local economic activities i.e.
small food stalls, grocery shops etc. to cater
for the influx of the workers at the RAPID site
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES35 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
6 Plant
Construction
and
Equipment
Installation
a) Transportation
of Materials to
Site
Lorries movement transporting
the equipments to the site as
well as piling and piping
activities will increase noise
level and concern on safety to
public;
Fugitive dust generation from
wind erosion of unpaved works
area during construction
activities may trigger respiratory
diseases like asthma, rhinitis
and respiratory infections
Emissions of black smoke from
diesel engine construction
vehicles and equipment may
affect the ambient air quality
Heavy machinery such as
bulldozers, excavators, lorries
and 4WD vehicles will be
involved in the site clearing and
earthwork activities may have
negative spillage impacts on the
surrounding flora
Spillage of fuel, oil and
lubricants from temporary site
MODERATE
Air Quality
Soil and
groundwater
Quality
Traffic
Public Safety
SHORT
TERM
Construct security posts at the critical
locations along the RAPID site Boundary to
ensure the safety of the nearby publics and
to prevent trespassers
Route selection from Road 90 to avoid close
to existing kampungs and causing nuisance
to the existing residences
Vehicle wheel-wash facilities are to be
provided at the exit(s) of the RAPID
construction site and manned at all times
and the tyres of all vehicles exiting the site
must be cleaned;
Vehicle on-site speed restrictions should be
imposed to reduce dust generation and
dispersion (~15 km/h);
During the transport of potentially dusty
materials to/from the site, lorry loads should
be provided with adequate secure load
covers;
Construction of a network of temporary
internal roads with proper traffic movement
plan to avoid the potential collision of the
construction vehicles;
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
storage and construction
vehicles/equipment may
affecting surface, groundwater
or soil quality if they enter
surrounding water bodies or
permeate into the ground
Spillage of fine sediments due
the trenching works in Tg.
Setapa, where the intake and
outfall will be located will
potentially generate a sediment
plume that may have an impact
to the marine water quality,
marine life and ecology
particularly the organisms such
as fish, shrimp and the
immobile bottom dwellers.
Vehicle traffic and their
movements during the
construction phase are will
potentially cause traffic
congestion at the approach to
the site, most likely at the
junction of Road 92 / 90 / J52;,
traffic accident due to increased
volume of traffic traveling along
the roads and potential damage
Upgrade the existing identified access route
to take the additional construction vehicle
load
Housekeeping and management of waste at
site to ensure that any solid materials litter or
wastes are not disposed of into drainage
channels or any surrounding water bodies;
The change-out of lubrication oils from
construction equipment and vehicles on the
site should be controlled;
Construction of silt curtain around the
trenching areas.
Ensure construction vehicles and equipment
must comply with the emission limits
specified under the Environmental Quality
(Control of Emissions from Diesel Engines)
Regulations 1996.
Provision of the 500 m buffer zone to reduce
the noise by the time it reaches the receptors
Monitoring of the noise level during
construction and installation stage as in the
Environmental Management Plan
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
to the public roads; Approval for normal and extra working hours
shall be obtained from local authorities, if
required.
Machines and vehicles that may be in
intermittent use should be shut down
between work periods or should be throttled
down to a minimum;
Equipment known to emit noise strongly in
one direction, should, where possible, be
orientated so that the noise is directed away
from potentially sensitive receivers;
All fuel oil, chemical and hazardous waste
storage to be bunded with concrete flooring
or HDPE liners.
All fuel oil, chemical and hazardous waste
storage and refueling shall be away from
watercourses (>50m).
Spill clean-up kit to be made available where
appropriate and spills to be reported to HSE
focal and immediately contained.
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES38 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
7 Utilities and
Amenities
Requirements
With thousands of workers
being housed here, the current
utilities and amenities i.e.
clinics, power supply, water
supply, schools, etc., are not
enough to meet the demand for
project’s worker and local
population
Disruption to the user of the J52
road to access from Tg
Pengelih to Kg Lepau and Kg
Rengit and vice versa.
Damage to the existing
pavement road pavement due
to heavy vehicle movement
during construction
Some of the existing bridge
crossing along road 90, 92 and
J52 cannot accommodate the
heavy vehicles carrying heavy
and oversize equipment during
construction
MODERATE
Amenities and
Utilities
Traffic
Public Safety
Public
Nuisance
SHORT
TERM
The need for the amenities to cater demand
at this project stage has to be communicated
to the UPENJ/State Government and RKK
(road upgrade, new road, waste disposal
facilities, required water supply etc)
Provision of an alternative road to access
from J52 to Kg Lepau and Road 90. Route
selection from road 90 to avoid close to
existing kampungs and causing nuisance to
the existing residences
Construction of a network of temporary
internal roads with proper traffic movement
plan to avoid the potential collision of the
construction vehicles;
Upgrade the existing identified access route
to take the additional construction vehicle
load
Properly schedule the transportation by
moving during less peak hour (night time)
and identify the community related program
i.e. pasar malam, pasar tani, pasar minggu
etc and avoid transporting of equipment
during this peak hour.
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES39 of 52
Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
8 Socio and
Economic
Activities
a) Relocation Plan Disturbance of worship
places and cemeteries. MAJOR
Social Issues
and cultural
conflicts
Economic
Activities
Public Safety
SHORT
TERM
Relocate affected villagers to the new
relocation area identified to be in Kg Dato’
Abdul Ghani Othman situated about 20km
from the RAPID project site (refer to Figure
8.13);
Provide a better and organized facilities i.e.
schools, hospitals, clinics, markets,
multipurpose halls, etc.;
Engage with local religious leaders on the
best way to relocate cemeteries.
b) The Influx of
Workers Coming
to the RAPID
Site
Improved economic standing
due to increase of demand for
general needs and amenities
such as food, lodging, clothing,
etc.;
Improved public amenities such
as provision of landfill, water
supply, etc.;
Increase of job opportunities
from unskilled to skilled workers
and increased in the living
status and income percapita ;
To impose ground rules within the base
camp and enforce by the officers appointed
by management
Local culture training and awareness to
foreign workers, majority of workers to stay
in camp site,
Frequent community engagement, contribute
to local liveability and CSR programs, and
establish grievance procedure for complaint.
Provide health and medical facilities within
the base camp for minor health issues and
liaise with local health providers on health
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
Expansion of the hospitality
related industries to cater for
the business needs that will be
taking place during the
construction stage.
Demand for local products by
foreign workers at the project
site such as fruits, vegetables
and livestock help generate
additional income to the local
residents.
Possible increase in crime rates
and disorder
Nuisance due to noise
Conflict due to cultural
misunderstanding among
workers and between local
residents
Real or perceived fear on issue
of safety and security where
possible increase of outsiders
trespassing local’s private
places during construction
phase
service requirement, monitor the satisfaction
of community on health services.
Liaise with local education agency on
schools, vocational training
To provide a worship places facilities within
the relocation area that can accommodate
local residents
Identify, demarcate and limit workforce
access to places of worship and cemeteries
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-3 : Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Construction Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES REMARK/COMMENTS
Stress on existing infrastructure
especially health facilities and
education
9 Abandonment
– Post
Construction
a) The mobilization
of construction
material outside
of the site
Lorries movement transporting
the waste of the construction
material to disposal site will
cause increased in traffic
volume, increase in noise level
and concern on safety to
public;
Fugitive dust generation from
wind erosion of unpaved works
area during construction
activities may trigger respiratory
diseases like asthma, rhinitis
and respiratory infections
Litter and unmanaged garbage
disposal is the potential
breeding grounds for
mosquitoes and vermins;
Abandoned base camp
NEGLIGIBLE
Traffic
Air Quality
Water Quality
Social Issues
and cultural
conflicts;
Public Safety
Public Health
SHORT
TERM
Access roads and temporary tracks to be re-vegetated and make good where pot holes are to be repaired;
Decommissioned water retention ponds will be fill up and re-vegetated;
Housekeeping and management of waste at
site to ensure that any solid materials litter or
wastes are transported out to the approved
disposal site
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
1. DISCHARGED EFFLUENT
a) Effluent Treatment Plant and Cooling Water Discharge via Marine Outfall;
b) Sewage Treatment Facility;
c) Surface water
runoff
Discharge via the marine outfall of the followings that may disrupt the marine ecology and marine life : - Ambient sea water
temperature - Concentration of free
chlorine in the discharge.
Discharge from the sewage treatment may disrupt the marine and river water quality and the ecology systems. :
Discharge from the retention basin may cause flooding downstream of the receiving water bodies;
Spillage of toxic and hazardous chemicals which may find its way into the marine and water bodies through surface runoff
.
MODERATE
Water Quality
Marine and
River
biological Life
Fishery
Industry
LONG TERM
a) Surface Water Runoff
Design of the Plant that separates stormwater drainage and the accidentally oil contaminated (AOC) and continuously oil contaminated (COC) drainage system.
In the event of heavy rain and overflow of the AOC and COC Flow will be directed to the storm water collection pond to contain the flow from finding its way into the surface water drainage and water bodies outside of RAPID premise.
b) Discharge via Marine outfall
The effluent treatment plant will also be designed to meet DOE’s requirement for IETS which requires the incorporation of the continuous online monitoring, BAT and best practices
Routine monitoring by the regulatory agencies on the treatment performance and compliance to the discharged standards.
Johor State is in planning to develop an integrated fishery complex in Sg Musoh, Pengerang that will be a
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
one stop center for the fishery industries in Pengerang;
c) Incorporation of various preventive
and control measures in the RAPID design and operation among which are :
Design Stage :
Effluent treatment plant will be designed to meet DOE’s requirement for IETS, PETRONAS Technical Code and Standards and applicable internal standards and guidelines, BAT and best practices considered in the design
Conduct of ENVID, HAZID and HAZOP at every critical progress of the design stage;
Carryout the effluent dispersion and simulations using acceptable simulation models to help in designing the appropriate outfall locations, discharged temperature that verify no significant environmental impacts during when the plant is in operation;
Plant Operation :
Routine monitoring by the regulatory agencies on the treatment performance;
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES44 of 52
Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
Environmental Management Plan that monitor compliance and treatment performance
Competent staff assigned for the operation and continuous training program for the staff;
All manuals and Standards Operating Procedures (SOP) updated and readily available.
Routine maintenance of the treatment system via turnaround exercise
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES45 of 52
Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
2. AIR EMISSION a) Normal Operations and Abnormal Operations
Air Quality
Health of the Surrounding Communities
MODERATE
Air Quality
Public Health
LONG TERM
a) Provision of adequate buffer zones for the Project site and the design of the plot plan to locate each units of plant processes will ensure minimal impact to the surrounding public and receptors;
b) The impact in the emission into the air will further be reduced if the surrounding areas are to be developed as heavy industries as in the RKK;
c) Routine monitoring by the regulatory
agencies on the emission level and the ground level concentration at critical locations to be decided later upon operation. Design of the plant is to include incorporation of self monitoring mechanism for each of the emission sources;
d) Incorporation of various preventive and
control measures will be incorporated during the project design stage as well as operational procedures to prevent emission to the air from impacting people, environment and asset;
Design Stage
The regulatory requirements for compliance, PETRONAS Technical Code and Standards and applicable internal standards and guidelines;
b) Emergency Scenario
Air Quality
Affecting the health of the Surrounding Communities
MAJOR SHORT TERM
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
Lesson learnt and adoption of the best practices based on other PETRONAS Operating Units or other similar plants globally;
Conduct of ENVID, HAZID and HAZOP at every critical progress of the design stage;
Carryout the dispersion and simulations using acceptable simulation models to help in designing the plants and to verify no significant environmental impacts during when the plant is in operation;
Operation Stage
Documented Operating Procedures to be adhered by the plants operators
Process Safety Management, Risk based inspection and asset life study
Structured maintenance program i.e. scheduled turnaround
Structures training program and competent operator to run the plants
3 WASTE MANAGEMENT
a) Storage of Waste on site;
b) Transportation of Waste to
Waste cannot be stored on site and has to be sent to the licensed schedule waste premise immediately.
MAJOR
Water Quality
Soil and
LONG TERM
Spent catalyst sent to the catalyst vendor or the recyclers will for recovery;
Location of the schedule waste areas need to be designed to include adequate
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
disposal Site;
c) Disposal Locations and capacity of the waste operators to accept the waste
Capacity and availability of the disposal area/waste operators to handle the volume of waste generated
Inadequate capacity of the current scheduled waste disposal facility will cause stocking of scheduled waste within RAPID premise;
Spillage of the spilled scheduled waste will be impacting the ground water quality and soil quality;
Domestic waste disposal at illegal dumping sites that may result in odour generation, issues on aesthetic and breeding ground of mosquitoes and vermin;
ground water
quality
Marine and
River
biological Life
Fishery
Industry
Public Health
and sanitation
Amenities
bunding, collection of the spilled waste that are routed to the wastewater treatment plant collection chamber;
Within RAPID site, solid and liquid waste is expected to be transported using trucks or forklifts. Waste will be properly contained in drums, intermediate bulk containers, cylinders and poly bags.
To manage the waste movement and storage efficiently and safely, several temporary storages will be located within the complex areas. For unit processes which frequently generate waste, dedicated transit areas will be provided.
A proper loading and unloading bay will be part of the transit areas and temporary storage areas. From the collection system, the waste will be sent to the waste pre-treatment and treatment facilities.
Due to the complexity and extensive size of RAPID project, many types of waste are expected to be generated.. Therefore, the central waste treatment facility will comprise of several facilities utilizing Best Available Techniques to manage the waste.
Waste management within RAPID also incorporates the 3R concept to reduce
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
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Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
the final waste to be removed from RAPID. This indirectly contributes to natural resources conservation and environmental protection.
4. NOISE LEVEL a) Noise Level generated by Plant Equipment and Processes;
b) Noise level generated by the increased in traffic volume for road leading to RAPID access points;
Increase in the background noise level at the sensitive receptors
Public nuisance and disruption to daily life
MODERATE
Noise Level
Public Health
Nuisance to
Public
LONG TERM
Noise emission from RAPID is hardly felt by the adjacent receptors as the baseline noise at the sensitive receptors is currently high;
Provision of 500m buffer zones all around the site boundary and undeveloped areas to the west with landscaping will further attenuate the noise;
The impact of the noise level will be further reduce if the surrounding areas are gazette as heavy industry under RKK;
5. TRAFFIC a) Traffic volume
b) Capacity of Existing Road
Increase in the traffic volume at the existing road (Road 90 and J52) will cause nuisance to the road users and increased in the risk of hazards and accidents
Inadequate capacity of the existing road to take the increase in traffic volume may cause congestion and nuisance
MODERATE
Air Quality
Noise Level
Nuisance to
Public
Public Safety
Public
Amentities
SHORT TERM
Improve the traffic performance of the existing road systems and the facilities along the traffic influence area as there will be heavy traffic i.e. upgrading the road capacity, introduce traffic lights etc;
For a better traffic diversion from Road 90, and as an alternative for access to users of J52, the State is currently undertaking a study on the location of an alternative road
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES49 of 52
Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
to road users;
Increased in the noise level affecting the residences near to the roads
Generation of dust and pollutants from exhaust emissions due the increased in vehicles / road users affecting the residences near to the roads
connecting the population in Tanjung Pengelih to access Road 90 on the north of the RAPID site;
Multiple access to the RAPID Plants to divert the traffic from concentrating at a single entry points
6. HEALTH IMPACT
a) Air Emission
Air emission during emergency scenario may have health impact to the workers and nearby residences if exposed for a long term;
During the emergency conditions, TSP and nitrogen dioxide concentrations may have an impact on receptors to the east of RAPID site;
MODERATE
Public Health
Amenities and
Services
LONG TERM
The emergency conditions normally takes place for a short time and the situation will be attended to immediately to bring the operation back to normal conditions;
Instances whereby workers may be exposed to excessive levels of particulates. Therefore, whenever necessary, exposed workers must be provided with respiratory protection in the form of N95 respiratory masks.
An effective Emergency Response Plan (ERP) that specifies the immediate actions during emergency scenario will be adhered to;
Monitoring of ambient air pollutant levels at the proposed project site and at Taman Rengit Jaya, Kg. Lepau and Kg.
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES50 of 52
Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
Pengerang should be conducted and reported regularly once the project commences operation.
The continuous monitoring systems (CEM) is recommended to be installed to track and irregularities in the emission trend so that necessary operational measures can be taken to reduce the emission limit at source;
The health impact will be further reduced if the area surrounding RAPID is to be developed as heavy industries under the RKK and population are relocated;
Provision for a sanitary landfill and efficient waste management to cater for the sudden population and industry growth;
Workers’ screening through mandatory medical check up;
7. ODOUR a) Emission of high VOCs and H2S concentration above the odour threshold limit
Nuisance and uncomfortable to the public due to dour detection and may raise complaint of RAPID operation;
MAJOR
Public Complaint
SHORT TERM
Monitoring of ambient air pollutant levels at the proposed project site and at the potentially affected receptor locations once odour is detected;
Immediately attending to operational malfunctions upon detection of odour;
The continuous emission monitoring
systems (CEMS) is recommended to
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DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES51 of 52
Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
be installed to track and irregularities in the emission trend so that necessary operational measures can be taken to reduce the emission limit at source.
8. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
a) Employment Opportunities
b) Economic Growth
c) Social Related Issues
Ample direct and indirect employment opportunities will be created within the next two decades.
Create a multiplier effect to the country’s and Johor State economy
Opportunity to raise its revenue from RAPID via various taxes and incentives where the potential total revenue generated for the Government
The living standards of the villages are expected to be improved due to availability of better facilities such as schools, medical facilities, amenities and better roads system available to the community.
Influx of semi-skilled and skilled workers which requires provision of world
BENEFICIAL
Social Living
Standards
Economic
Growth
Social Issues
LONG TERM
Public engagement sessions conducted by the State of Johor and other responsible agencies to ensure the followings :
- the success of the oil and gas hub development in Pengerang;
- To prepare the local communities of the anticipated sudden changes in the current livelihood;
- To facilitate the acceptance towards
the potential of influx of big numbers of non locals and foreigners to Pengerang;
- To explain on the benefits of the
spillovers from RAPID implementation to the locals and transparency on the compensation schemes formulated by the State of Johor;
Ensuring locals are given the priority to grab the opportunities from RAPID development
Programs to train the local Pengerang
Page 52
DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (RAPID) IN PENGERANG, JOHOR
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
May2012
ES52 of 52
Table ES-4 : Summary of Potential Significant Impacts and Mitigation Measures for the RAPID Project During Operation Phase
NO PROJECT ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL IMPACT IMPACT
SIGNIFICANCE DURATION
RECOMMENDED MITIGATING MEASURES
REMARKS/COMMENTS
class services, amenities and utility facilities
Influx of non locals, expatriates or immigrants to Pengerang whose presence may cause social related issues, increased in crime and vice rate, and create cultural and religious sensitivities.
A new township would be established for the population involved in the resettlement that provide a more conducive living environment to the people.
entrepreneurs to prepare the locals to grab the business opportunities created
Training for the locals in the skilled and semiskilled resources required by RAPID upon operation;
Relocate affected villagers to the new relocation area identified to be in Kg Dato’ Abdul Ghani Othman situated about 20km from the RAPID project site;