Contents Contents Chemical industry & Catalysis Origin of Petrochemicals Basic / Building block chemicals Basic chemicals to Petrochemicals Petrochemical processes & catalysts Ethylene, Propylene & Butadiene by thermal cracking Alternative routes for Basic chemicals
this presentation deals with basic building blocks of petrochemicals .info about petrochemical industry as well .it aslo adds the origin of petrochemicals as well .this presentation also comes with the alternate of routes of basic chemicals like ethlyene , propylene etc all
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
ContentsContents
Chemical industry & Catalysis
Origin of Petrochemicals
Basic / Building block chemicals
Basic chemicals to Petrochemicals
Petrochemical processes & catalysts
Ethylene, Propylene & Butadiene by thermal cracking
Alternative routes for Basic chemicals
Chemical Industry-The Fact Sheet
70000 products
10 Million direct employees
50 Million indirect employees
Wide range of products/processes
/ feed-stocks
Enabling better quality of life
Annual growth rate 2.4 %
Global enterprise valued at $2.2 Trillion …… and growing
Chemical Industry- Products pattern
Chemicals- Intricately woven with our day to day life
Petrochemicals-37%Petrochemicals-37%
Energy
Chemicals & Fertilizers
Petrochemicals
Transport
Petroleum Refining
95%
Petroleum Refining- The Mother IndustryPetroleum Refining- The Mother Industry
Ethylene to Ethylene oxidePromoted Ag/Alumina, DOW,Shell,Sci.Design
Ethylene to Acetic acid Supported Pd
Ethylene+ HCl to Ethylene dichloride CuCl2- KCl/Alumina
BASF, KNF, Oxyvinyl
Propylene to Acrylonitrile Molybdates of Bi,Fe,Ni/Silica Ineos
Propylene to Acrylic acid V-P-O,Ineos
Propylene to Propylene oxide Supported Mo Oxides/Au
O-Xylene to Phthalic anhydride Vanadia/TiO2
P-Xylene to Purified Terephthalic acid(PTA)
Co-Mn fatty acids
Butane to Maleic anhydride V-P-O, Ineos
Syngas conversionsSyngas conversions
CO+2H2→ CH3OH ZnO-CuO-Chromia
CO+H2→ n-Paraffins (Fischer-Tropsch)
Supported Co/Fe with promoters
CO + CH3OH→ Acetic acid Rh-,Ir-Iodide promoted
Polymer Processes
Ethylene to PolyethyleneLDPE, LLDPE, HDPE
High pressure tubular process (LDPE)Chevron-Phillips slurry processBasell Spherilene process ( LLDPE/HDPE)NOVA- Sclairtech process ( LLDPE/HDPE)
Propylene to PolypropylenePP, PE Copolymers
Basell Spheripol PP processDow UNIPOL PP processBorstar PP process
Vinyl chloride to Polyvinyl chloride PVC
Innovyl Suspension PVCUHDE, Goodrich process
Polymer Processes
Ethylene to PolyethyleneLDPE, LLDPE, HDPE
High pressure tubular process (LDPE)Chevron-Phillips slurry processBasell Spherilene process ( LLDPE/HDPE)NOVA- Sclairtech process ( LLDPE/HDPE)
Propylene to PolypropylenePP, PE Copolymers
Basell Spheripol PP processDow UNIPOL PP processBorstar PP process
Vinyl chloride to Polyvinyl chloride PVC
Innovyl Suspension PVCUHDE, Goodrich process
(SRT-Heaters)
S as DMDS is injected to control CO & Coke
Selective hydrogenation of C2,C3 & C4 acetylenes in olefinic streams are the critical processes to get pure C2,C3 & C4 olefins
Propylene: Supply-Demand gap
C2H4 + C4H8 2 C3H6 Can be a stand alone unit or integrated with cracker/FCC unit
Low investment, less energy intensive, attractive returns
High propylene/ethylene yield ratios, varying from 0.5 to 1.1
Use of low cost C4 stream
Process technologies
META-4 ® (Axens – IFP Group Technologies)
OCT ® Olefins Conversion Technology (ABB Lummus)
UOP’s process
Olefin metathesis
Depends on relative costs of ethylene & propyleneDepends on relative costs of ethylene & propylene
Metathesis- Catalysts & Process Metathesis- Catalysts & Process conditionsconditions
Alternative routes to PropyleneAlternative routes to Propylene
Olefin Inter conversion Processes
• Catalytic cracking of C4- C5 streams or the light naphtha streams in a fixed or fluidized bed reactor
• Compatible with crackers and FCC units• Unlike metathesis, do not consume ethylene.
Process technologies
• Olefin Cracking Process (UOP-ATOFINA)• Propylur (Lurgi)• PCC process (Exxon –Mobil)• SUPERFLEX ® (Lyondell/Kellogg)• Mobil’s Olefin Inter conversion Process (MOI)