Peter Ecclesine - Presentation at Emerging Communications Conference & Awards (eComm 2011)

Wi-Fi Sub 1 GHz Range

3 times the range

Wi-Fi Sub 1 GHz Range

10 times the coverage

Wi-Fi Sub 1 GHz Rate

Up to One tenth the speed1/54, 1/40, 1/30, 1/20, . . . 1/10

All the radios we carry will follow our authority and policy

NFC/FM/TVWS/3G/4G/Bluetooth/Wi-Fi/60 GHz

The angel is in the details

Unlicensed Spectrum

Dynamic Spectrum Access

802.11 Radios

802.11 Radio Timeline Comparisons

Wi-Fi Alliance

Marginal Flexibility of Spectrum per POP

0

0.1

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0.6

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0.9

57 MHz 5.2m

240 MHz 1.25 m

570 MHz

52 cm

2.4 GHz 12.5 cm

3 GHz 10 cm

5.7 GHz 5.2 cm

24 GHz 1.25 cm

57 GHz 5.2 mm

Exclusive Use*

Unlicensed

Highest Value Use of Spectrum, Citizens Guide to the Airwaves

* http://wireless.fcc.gov/auctions/default.htm?job=auction_summary&id=73

FCC TV White Spaces Spectral Mask

Acknowledge Tevfik Yucek, Qualcomm-Atheros -72.78 dB means less than 1/18,967,059 of peak power

White Space spectrum in the USA?

FCC consolidated TVWS rules https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/11/11-11-0067-01-00af-fcc-tvws-orders-jan-11-consolidated-text.pdf

FCC terminology https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/11/11-11-0175-02-00af-fcc-tvws-terminology.ppt

Showmywhitespace.com 1800 Old Bayshore Highway, Burlingame, California

http://spectrumbridge.com/whitespaces.aspx

US Metro white space https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/11/11-11-0499-02-00af-us-metro-mhzpops.xls

5 GHz license-exempt spectrum details

Showing Aeronautical, Maritime Radiolocation and DSRC

5.200 5.300 5.400 5.500 5.600 5.700 5.800 5.9005.100

Europe

USA/Canada

Japan

5.725 5.875

Indoor DSRC Outdoor 1 W EIRP

4 W EIRP5.470 5.725

Outdoor 1W EIRP

Indoor 200 mW EIRP

DFS & TPC required world wide

China2 W EIRP

2 W EIRP/ DFS&TPC

Indoor 200 mW EIRP Outdoor 1 W EIRP

IndiaCampus/Indoor 200 mW EIRPCampus/Indoor 200 mW EIRP

DFS & TPC

VHT60 11ad 60 GHz Channelization

Channel Number

Lower Freq.(GHz)

Center Freq.(GHz)

Upper Freq.(GHz)

Nyquist BW

(MHz)

Channel Spacing

(MHz)

1 57.240 58.320 59.400 1760 2160

2 59.400 60.480 61.560 1760 2160

3 61.560 62.640 63.720 1760 2160

4 63.720 64.800 65.880 1760 2160

Acknowledge Brian Hart, Cisco

VHT<6 11ac Making 11n Go Faster

#Spatial Streams

Bandwidth

Data Bits per Subcarrier

8

4

40MHz 80MHz 160MHz

256QAM@r5/6

64QAM@r5/6

11n AP

11ac AP

Acknowledge Brian Hart, Cisco

Important VHT<6 11ac Numbers For battery-powered APs and clients, only the yellow row is mandatory

Gigabit rates for some product configurations (orange rows)

BW (MHz)

#Spat Strm

MCS (QAMr5/6)

PHY rate

(Mbps)

MAC thruput (Mbps)*

40 3 64 450 315

80 1 64 325 227

80 1 256 433 303

80 2 64 650 455

80 2 256 867 607

80 3 64 975 683

80 3 256 1300 910

80 4 64 1300 910

80 4 256 1733 1213

80 8 256 3467 2427

BW (MHz)

#Spat Strm

MCS (QAMr5/6)

PHY rate

(Mbps)

MAC thruput (Mbps)*

40 4 64 600 420

160 1 64 650 455

160 1 256 867 607

160 2 64 1300 910

160 2 256 1733 1213

160 3 64 1950 1365

160 3 256 2600 1820

160 4 64 2600 1820

160 4 256 3467 2427

160 8 256 6933 4853

*Assuming 70% efficiency

Acknowledge Brian Hart, Cisco

In Room Whole ;-) Building Coverage

3.5

0.5

1.0

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1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

4.0

4.5

Rat

e (G

bp

s)

Uncompressed/ Lossless Video

Super High Speed WLAN

Wireless Docking Station

Ultra FastSynch & Go

Whole Home AV Distribution

Lightly Compressed Display

VHT 802.11ac / ad Use cases and Market Drivers

Acknowledge Brian Hart, Cisco

VHT<6 11ac Higher Rate at Range / Robustness

2ndGen Home APs

350

700

1050

1400

1750

MAC thruput @70% efficiency

08m 18m

Watt/hours

58m

11af Spectrum is both TV white space and other bands

Goal – While geographic sharing of spectrum is well-established, we are only just now seeing the emergence of technologies that enable “dynamic” sharing – that is, the ability to identify slices of spectrum that are available at that location, whether for a few seconds, a few minutes, a few hours, or a few days.*

All protected spectrum users want quicker resolution of interference. Geolocation databases of spectrum users is quite helpful.

11af is standardizing operation with multiple geolocation databases.

*Acknowledge FCC 10-198 Promoting More Efficient Use of Spectrum through Dynamic Spectrum Use Technologieshttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/12/28/2010-32491/promoting-more-efficient-use-of-spectrum-through-dynamic-spectrum-use-technologies

Some 11af TV band defined elements

Others define the Authorized database protocols that Access Points and Fixed devices shall use, and each AP is certified to operate with a specific Authorized TV

bands database. A Registered Location Secure Server accesses the Authorized databases with protocols that others define, and may provide a persistent internet address to the databases. APs and 802.11 stations access a Registered Location

Secure Server with radio protocols that IEEE 802.11 defines.

Relations between 802.11ac and 11af

Expect 11ac PHY to be ‘frozen’ by Christmas 2011, and WFA to certify devices by Spring 2013

11af version of 11ac PHY top speed will be less than 10 Mbps per TV channel

Expect TV frequencies to affect spatial streams more than any other WLAN PHY technology.

Long wavelengths 5.2m-1.4m (VHF) and 63 cm-43 cm (UHF) mean MIMO is less effective than at shorter wavelengths for the same size devices

TV channel bandwidths of 6 MHz, 7 MHz and 8 MHz have to be supported by world client radios

Expect megabits and kilobits/sec at 3 times range of 802.11g (slower than 5 MHz / 80 MHz scaling)

11af Higher Range / Robustness

11n/20

Enterprise AP

2ndGen Home APs

X

2X

3X

4X

5X

MAC thruput @70% efficiency

0

8m 18m

Watt/hours

1.8km

11ah Sub 1 GHz

Started as Wi-Fi for Smart Grid meter reading

Not a simple rebanding of 2.4 GHz equipment because of much longer range requirement (>1 km), and some battery powered Internet of Things aspirations. Some want 12,000 devices on one service, some want multi-year battery life.

Marketing assessments and engineering assessments this year, first draft March 2012.

Should keep the 802.11 PHY experts busy.

802.11 PHY timelines

802.11n High Throughput

802.11ac Very High Throughput

802.11ad Very High Throughput

802.11af Operation in TV Bands

802.11ah Sub 1 GHz

Draft 1.0 May 2006

Draft 1.0 June 2011

Draft 1.0 Oct 2010

Draft 1.0 Feb 2011

Draft 1.0 March 2012

WFA freeze March 2007

WFA freeze Dec 2011

WFA wait for publication

WFA wait for publication

WFA wait for publication

502 pages 242 pages 552 pages 139 pages ?

Publish Sep 2009

Publish Dec 2013

Publish Dec 2012

Publish June 2013

Publish June 2014

1000 Person Years

500 Person Years

400 Person Years

30 Person Years

200 Person Years

6 years 5 years 4 years 3 years 4 years

Wi-Fi Alliance

Wi-Fi Alliance certifies interoperability between products, not regulatory compliance

Soft-AP (laptop or smartphone) drives many new concepts (1 to 1, 1 to many)

Wi-Fi Direct between radio devices (not ad hoc) 2010

Wi-Fi Display to large screen (1 to 1) 2011

HotSpot 2.0 with network operators for world-radio clients (like ATM machine networks) 2012

SmartGrid for IPv6 Home Area Networks – Zigbee, HomePlug interoperation 2013

References

http://www.ieee802.org/11/

https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/documents

http://www.wi-fi.org/connection/

Cognitive radio in ECC http://www.wonderlandwpa.com/dev/ecc_newsletter_june/june-2011/index.html

FCC TVWS ECFS Proceeding 02-380, 04-186 http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/ecfs/

FCC consolidated TVWS rules https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/11/11-11-0067-01-00af-fcc-tvws-orders-jan-11-consolidated-text.pdf

FCC terminology https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/11/11-11-0175-02-00af-fcc-tvws-terminology.ppt

Showmywhitespace.com http://spectrumbridge.com/whitespaces.aspx

US Metro white space https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/11/11-11-0499-02-00af-us-metro-mhzpops.xls

802.11 WG is starting to grow again and 802.16 WG is deciding what to do next!

Voting members – May ‘11

Note: “number of voters” is a “lagging” indicator

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600

Jan-02 Oct-02 Jul-03 Mar-04 Dec-04Sep-05Jun-06 Mar-07 Dec-07Sep-08Jun-09 Mar-10 Dec-10Sep-11 Jun-12

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WG meeting date

802.11

802.15

802.16

802.18

802.19

802.20

802.21

802.22

Acknowledge Andrew Myles, Cisco

Q and A