Perspectives on Community and Economic Development in a Global Economy Affordable Housing and Community Development Law Conference October 9, 2009 Newport, RI Director, Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity Williams Chair in Civil Rights & Civil Liberties, Moritz College of Law john a. powell
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Perspectives on Community and Economic Development in a Global Economy
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Perspectives on Community and Economic Development in a Global
Economy
Affordable Housing and Community Development Law ConferenceOctober 9, 2009Newport, RI
Director, Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and EthnicityWilliams Chair in Civil Rights & Civil Liberties, Moritz College of Law
john a. powell
Changes, Challenges and Opportunities Facing our Society
• Our world today is more complex and interconnected–Global labor market–Global financial market–Global credit market–Global climate change
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Globalization
• Where does your stuff come from?
• Under what conditions?
• Different communities are situated differently with regards to institutions
• Institutions mediate opportunity
• Structural Inequality– Example: a Bird in a cage.
Examining one wire cannot explain why a bird cannot fly. But multiple wires, arranged in specific ways, reinforce each other and trap the bird.
Communities have different resources, and these result in differential
outcomes…• Example: Universal healthcare?
– One community has no health insurance, but a hospital down the street.
– Another community has no health insurance and no hospital.
Structural Racialization
6Adapted from the Aspen Roundtable on Community Change. “Structural Racism and Community Building.” June 2004
System Interactions
Source: Barbara Reskin. http://faculty.uwashington.edu/reskin/7
racial and interregional inequities facing the region, our future is compromised
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High OpportunityLow Opportunity
Connecting Multiple Domains: e.g. Housing and Schools:
How can we reverse this pattern?
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LIHTC and Segregated Schools• Currently, LIHTC development is conflicting with efforts to
desegregate schools.• Nearly ¾’s of African American and Hispanic LIHTC residents are
located in segregated schools.
Figure 8: Percentage of LIHTC Population within Proximity to Segregated Schools:
Population in household by household race:
> 90% White
50 to 100% Students of Color
American Indian 16.8% 18.7%
Asian 6.9% 71.3%
Black 6.0% 69.6%
Hispanic 8.4% 74.3%
Other Race 33.5% 23.2%
White 32.5% 17.0%
Housing
ChildcareEmployment
Education
Health
Transportation
Effective Participation
Housing is an opportunity anchor and key leverage point
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Example: Opportunity- Based Housing
• Rethink fair housing…• Not just integration but integration into opportunity• Inclusive fair housing means access to good schools,
jobs, doctors, child care, transportation, parks, and the civic fabric
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Example: Opportunity Mapping
• Opportunity is spatially distributed throughout our metropolitan regions (varying by community)
• Opportunity mapping is a tool to help guide policy and advocacy, providing a quantitative assessment of where opportunities are and where they are deficient– Guiding responses
• Understanding what resources need to be developed in communities
• Understanding how to connect marginalized residents to areas of opportunity throughout the region
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Charles
Loudoun
Fauquier
Fairfax
Montgomery
Prince George's
Anne Arundel
Calvert
Howard
Prince William
StaffordCulpeper
Jefferson
Frederick
St. Mary's
Clarke
District of Columbia
BaltimoreBaltimore City
Arlington
Alexandria
Manassas
Fairfax City
Falls Church
Manassas Park
Prepared by: The Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race & Ethnicity, March 1, 2007Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Opportunity Analysis by Kirwan Institute
Legend
Water Features
County Areas
Neighborhood
Opportunity Ranking
Very Low Opportunity
Low Opportunity
Moderate Opportunity
High Opportunity
Very High Opportunity
Neighborhood Opportunity AnalysisWashington DC-Baltimore Region
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Putting it All Together: Neighborhood Revitalization
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– A systems response• Where are your key
leverage points?• What are the critical
intervention points?
– Equity focused• Creating a
community for all
– Emphasis on strategic collaboration
Neighborhood
Revitalization
Housing Stock
Public Investme
nt
Geography (Local;
Regional)
Larger Market Forces
Neighborhood
Leadership
Institutional
Partners
Anchor Institutio
ns
For more information, see our report “Pathways to Opportunity: Partnership and Collaboration for Revitalizing the Rosemont-Walbrook Neighborhood” available at www.kirwaninstitute.org