Personality Mapping in Personality Mapping in Conflict Management Conflict Management and Team Building and Team Building Dr. D. Dutta Roy, Ph.D. Psychology Research Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203, B.T. Road, Kolkata – 700 108 E-mail: ddroy @ isical .ac.in http://www.isical. ac.in/~ddroy/invt.html Venue : Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata
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Personality Mapping, Conflict management and Team building
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Personality Mapping in Personality Mapping in Conflict Management Conflict Management
and Team Buildingand Team Building
Dr. D. Dutta Roy, Ph.D.Psychology Research UnitIndian Statistical Institute
(Vivekananda) Value : Himsa, Ahimsa (Buddha) Attribution : Locus of control (Gita)
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Outer Layer:-Missing-Anomalies
Inner Layer-Vividness-Orderliness-Complexity
Inner Core Layer-Harmony with Environment-Aesthetics-Cleanliness
Consciousness Layers
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Taxonomy of Personality Taxonomy of Personality (West)(West)
The major approaches are: Stages of development : Freud, Erikson Types : Jung, Myers and Briggs,
Holland Trait : Eysenck, Cattell Need : Murray, Maslow, Herzberg Value : Allport, Rokeach Attribution : Rotter’s Locus of control Culture specific personality :
Individualism and collectivism
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Freud’s Psycho sexual Freud’s Psycho sexual DevelopmentDevelopment
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Erikson’s Stages of Erikson’s Stages of DevelopmentDevelopment
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Jung’s TypeJung’s Type
Introvert : finds meaning within. They are introspective.
Extrovert : finds meaning outside the self/ surroundings.Jung’s Mandala
Eysenck’s Trait clustersEysenck’s Trait clusters
NeuroticismUnstable
Tense, Anxious
Stable
Relaxed
HighSociable,Impulsive
LowUnsocial, Cautious
HighAggressive,Impersonal, cold
LowWarm, aware of others, non-aggressive
Extraversion
Psychoticism
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Cattell’s 16 P.F.Cattell’s 16 P.F. RESERVED LESS INTELLIGENT AFFECTED BY
Participant observation Participant observation Participant observation is a set of research strategies
which aim to gain a close and intimate familiarity with a given group of individuals (such as a religious, occupational, or sub-cultural group, or a particular community) and their practices through an intensive involvement with people in their natural environment, often though not always over an extended period of time.
Malinowski in data collection
INTERVIEW MODELINTERVIEW MODELLeast control on Respondent
More control on Respondent
Informal Unstructured Semi-structured Structured
Probability for variable Probability for variable explorationexploration
Structured Unstructured
High prob.
Low prob
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Focused groupFocused group In focus group, a screened
(qualified) group of respondents gathers in the same room. There are usually 6 to 10 members in the group, and the session usually lasts for 1 to 2 hours. A moderator guides the group through a discussion that probes attitudes about a client's proposed products or services. The discussion is loosely structured, and the moderator encourages the free flow of ideas.
Free AssociationFree Association Lying on a couch (a position imposing a
certain state of relaxation), the patient speaks freely of anything that may cross his/her mind, without searching for some specific subject or topic. The flow of his/her thoughts is free, and followed with no voluntary intervention. The important thing is that the critical mind does not intervene to censor spontaneous thoughts. We truly have the drive to censure the products of our thinking, starting from various criteria: moral, ethic, narcissistic, cultural, spiritual. The method of free associations demands us to temporarily give up intellectual censorship and freely speak about any thought.
Freud explored principles of defense mechanisms based on free association techniques.
PROJECTIVE PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUETECHNIQUE
Unstructured stimuli to which individual responds. Stimuli ranged from complete unstructured to semi structured. Complete unstructured stimuli are inkblots suggested by Swiss Psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach (1884-1922). Projective techniques are used for revealing one’s innermost thoughts and feelings (Rapaport, 1942, 1970).
Rorschach noted the followings:– A large percentage of clearly visualized
forms; – Many kinaesthetic influences acting in the
perceptive process;– A large number of whole answers;– Good conceptive types – W, W-D, or W-D-Dd;– Optimum rigidity of sequence of mode of
apperception (orderlys);– Small percentage of animal answers;– Neither too large nor too small percentage of
Personality Map Personality Map (Based on Sten score)(Based on Sten score)
Personality Map of Challanging Occupational Group
0.002.004.006.008.00
A B C E F G H I L M N O Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Personality Factors
Sten
Sco
re
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
How does it help ? How does it help ? In formulating personnel specification for
job analysis and job evaluation In development of performance appraisal
system In selecting right man for right job In analysis of Management development
needs (leadership/conflict mgt./team building etc.)
In identifying counseling or guidance needs In managing conflict In team building
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
• Psychometric : It is a study to explain psychological phenomenon (e.g. ability or competency/personality etc.) in terms of measurement principles. It covers measurement principles of test development (Item analysis, assessing reliability, validity, test standardization etc.), and of profile analysis (profile similarity and classification).
• Profile : Graphical representation of the correspondence of the set of data.
• Profiling : Plotting correspondence of the set of data.
• Measurement Principles: Next slide >
Characteristics of Personality Mapping
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Measurement Principles Test Measurement Principles Test DevelopmentDevelopment
• Very Stressful Conflict as there is a single goal for which there is both a tendency to approach and a tendency to avoid.
• it draws your attention and again distracts you from your goal.
• Resolution is self control.
I
Double Approach and Double Double Approach and Double Avoidance Conflict Avoidance Conflict
• Extreme stressful Conflict as the individual is faced with having to choose between two (or more) goals, each of which has both attracting and repelling aspects
• Resolution is Withdrawl or Self control.
How can I show my face to family and to colleagues ?
When one person seeks to satisfy his or her own interests, regardless of the impact on the other parties to the conflict.
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
CollaboratingCollaboratingThe intention
is to solve the problem by clarifying differences rather than by accommodating various points of view.
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
AvoidingAvoiding
Where a person recognizes that a conflict exists and want to withdraw from it or suppress it.
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
AccommodatingAccommodatingWhere one
party seeks to appease an opponent, that party may be willing to place the opponent’s interests above his or her own.
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
CompromisingCompromising Each party in conflict
seeks to give up some thing, sharing occurs, resulting in a compromised outcome. Here no one is loser or winner but solution provides incomplete satisfaction of both parties’ concerns.
Unambiguous communicationRealigning work groupAltering rules and regulationsIncreasing interdependence structural changes to disrupt status
quo
How is Personality Mapping related How is Personality Mapping related to Conflict management and team to Conflict management and team
building ? building ?
Personality Mapping
data provides insight
About the probability of taking into consideration what types of conflict (definition, Types) management styles (different styles) are likely to be followed by the individual or by the group.
Personality
Shaping in Business
Mapping
Conflict Mgt.
Team Building
Publications
Personality & Team buildingPersonality & Team building
Five personality dimensions play critical role on team building.– Interpersonal orientation (Approval orientation,
in discriminating four occupational groups, Indian Journal of Applied Psychology, 31,1,34-38.
3. Mukerjee,M.and Dutta Roy, D. (1994) A Cross cultural study on similarity of personality profiles of teachers and physicians developed on the basis of 16 PF,Indian Journal of Psychology, 69, 3 & 4, 79-86.
4. Dutta Roy, D. (1994) Personality structure of teachers,Indian Educational Review,25, 34, 89-92.
5. Dutta Roy, D.(1995) Differences in personality factors of experienced teachers,physicians, bank managers and fine artists,Psychological Studies, 40,1, 51-56.
6. Dutta Roy, D. (1995) A comment on the similarities in the sixteen PF profiles of Indian and American creative artists,Indian Journal of Psychological Issues, 1,(1 & 2), 11-14.
7. Dutta Roy, D. (1995) Personality profile similarity of Indian and British physicians,Asian Journal of Psychology and Education, 28, 5-6, 5-8.
8. Dutta Roy, D. (2002) Personality differences across four metropolitan cities of India, Indian Psychological Review, 58,2,71-78.