Permaculture group no 4

GROUP NO 4

IDNO10BSCAGOO5;PRIYANSHU O3O;MICHELLE

040;ELLA WAR061;SHIPRA 071;WAQAR101;ANJANA 114;GAUTAM116;WANDA136;ROSHAN147;SATYAM155;HIMANSHU

SUSTAINABLE FARMING

RANCHING

LIVING by Designing Ecosystems that Imitate Nature

It is time to treate all the creatures of the earth and its components as they have souls.

It is in our hand how to manage earths resources and make a leap of understanding to make differences

It is us who become part of the change by become part of solution It is we ,who protects the beautiful creation of the almighty so called

earth.

'Consciously designed landscapes which mimic the patterns

and relationships found in nature, while yielding an

abundance of food, fiber and energy for provision of local

needs. People, their buildings and the ways in which they

organize themselves are central to permaculture. Thus the

permaculture vision of permanent or sustainable agriculture

has evolved to one of permanent or sustainable culture. It is

the locally suited form of agriculture

food

HARMONIOUS INTEGRATION IN SYMBIOTIC SYSTEM THATMAINTAINS DIVERSITY AND STABILITY

soil

shelter

energy

ethics

climate

water

Core tenets and principles of permaculture

WE OURSELVES ARE THE BEST SOLUTIONS OF OUR PROBLEMS.

2.Catch and store energy

3.Obtain a yield

AS WE SOW SHOW WE REAP

4.Apply self-regulation and accept feedback

GOOD WORK SHOULD BE REWARDED AND BAD ONE SHOULD BE PUNISHED

5.Use and value renewableresources and services

NATURE ITSELF IS THE BEST MODEL

6.Produce no waste:

OUTPUT OF ONE SYSTEM AS THE INPUT OF OTHER

.7Design from patterns to details

•: By stepping back, we can observe patterns in nature and society. These can form the backbone of our designs, with the details filled in as we go.

8.Integrate rather than segregate

MILLION DROPS MAKE AN OCEAN

9.Use small and slow solutions:

SLOW AND STEADY WINS THE RACE

10.Use and value diversity

MORE OPTIONS LESS RISK

11.Use edges and value the marginal

•The interface between things is where the most interesting events take place. These are often the most valuable, diverse and productive elements in the system.

12.Creatively use and respond to change

CREATIVITY IS THE BEST ACTIVITY

We can have a positive impact on inevitable change by carefully observing, and then intervening at the right time

LayersLayers are one of the tools used to design functional

ecosystems that are both sustainable and of direct

benefit to man

The canopy: the tallest trees in the system. Large trees dominate but do not saturate the area, i.e. there exist patches barren of trees.Understory layer: trees that usually grow less than 45'Shrubs: a diverse layer that includes most berry bushesHerbaceous: may be annuals, biennials or perennials; most annuals will fit into this layerSoil surface: cover crops to retain soil and lessen erosion, along with green manures to add nutrients and organic matter to the soil, especially nitrogenRhizosphere: root crops including potatoes and other edible tubersVertical layer: climbers or vines, such as runner beans and lima beans(vine varieties)

In a vibrant system, life flourishes in every available niche. Vegetation carpets the soil, birdsnest in trees, plants grow from cracks in rocks, insects burrow into the ground, moss hangsfrom ranches, lichen cling to boulders, carnivores thrive on small rodents, and on and on.Nature also stacks living creatures in time, so that at any one moment, some are justbeginning, some are reaching maturity, and some are decaying

We can stack thesystem with productive plant polycultures, birds, bees and bats. Trees and plants can fixnitrogen to nourish the soil, extract vital nutrients from deep in the subsoil, repel insects withtheir fragrances, host beneficial predator insects, provide shade for tender seedlings, andserve as trellises for climbing vines. The system can yield berries, nuts, fruits, flowers,vegetables, tubers, culinary herbs, medicinal substances, honey, fuel, fiber and fodder.

Sheet mulching

Sheet mulch serves as a "nutrient bank," storing the nutrients contained in organic matter and slowly making these nutrients available to plants as the organic matter slowly and naturally breaks down. It also improves the soil by attracting and feeding earthworms, slaters and many other soil micro-organisms, as well as adding humus. Earthworms "till" the soil, and their worm castings are among the best fertilizers and soil conditioners. Sheet mulching can be used to reduce or eliminate undesirable plants by starving them of light, and can be more advantageous than using herbicide or other methods of contro

Rainwater harvesting

Rainwater harvesting is the accumulating and storing of rainwater for reuse before it reaches the aquifer. It has been used to provide drinking water, water for livestock, water for irrigation, as well as other typical uses

We’ll never know the worth of water till the well go dry (Scottish Proverb)

A natural building involves a range of

building systems and materials that

place major emphasis on sustainability.

Ways of achieving sustainability

through natural building focus on

durability and the use of minimally

processed, plentiful or renewable

resources, as well as those that, while

recycled or salvaged, produce healthy

living environments and maintain

indoor air quality. Natural building

tends to rely on human labor, more

than technology

NATURAL BUILDING

Common practices

Agroforestry

Forest gardening

Hügelkultur

Hügelkultur is the practice of burying large volumes of wood to increase soil water retention. The porous structure of wood acts as a sponge when decomposing underground. During the rainy season, masses of buried wood can absorb enough water to sustain crops through the dry season

MIXED CROPPING

CR0P ROTATION

Yesh Meain is a permaculture farm located in Moshav Nahalal, in the Jezreel Valley, in the North of Israel.

The farm was started in 2007 as the product of a collective journey of inspired and motivated students of the Green Apprenticeship (GA), the Permaculture Design Course of the Center for Creative Ecology on Kibbutz Lotan.

Yesh Meain aims to create a center for environmental and social awareness. It aspire to encourage key changes in the consuming behavior, the use of resources and the perception of abundance within the Israeli society. Ultimately, the objective is to foster changes towards sustainability in people's lifestyles.

Israel is a place where water resourse is scarce and rainwater harvesting is an important steps to be followed here to achieve sustainability

a small system to collect water consisting of three 1.5 cubic meter tanks and four 500 liter tanks; the tanks collected the water from different roofs around the farm; most of it came from the eco-center’s roof. this water is used for cleaning, washing, irrigation and for making mud, one of our main building materials.

At Yesh Meain, earth is one of main construction materials.

mix uses consists local soil, the Yizrael Valley’s very clayish soil, the sand of the old seedhousesof the farm and water. they have built and plastered with it. The most important expression of this building technique is eco-center, a 200 m² strawbale-mud plastered building. The center was built using an existing greenhouse structure, all sorts of reused materials (metal, wood, glass) and a lot of friendly hands.

Non-toxic

Economical efficient

Flexibility

Beautiful

Funworld

Earth has been used as a bulding material for centuries, here are a few good reasons to build with earth:.

Exchange market

recycling Edible garden

A Rare Find: An Organic Farm in India!

ParsekarOrganic Farm

Northern Goa below Mumbai on the West Coast

phone number ; (0832) 2247281

email [email protected]

owner; Anant M Parsekar

here is a little description followed by some photos

They had developed the farm by trial and error over about 18 years and knew nothing about permaculture by that name, but were doing almost everything: mulch everywhere, all organic matter returned, drip-feed irrigation, food forest (based around mangoes, coconuts, bananas), promoting beneficial insects, compost toileting, and generally just massive polyculture planting something everywhere possible – what they called it “harvesting sunlight.”

nutmeg, baby mangos, pineapples, tumeric, vanilla, cloves, jackfruit, berries climbing all the coconuts, lemons, and so much more.

the ants and spiders that look after the mango trees.

POLYCULTUREBIOLOGICAL METHOD

a fair dinkum food forest.

White ants protecting mango trees

cuttings, actually getting them to produce roots before removing them from the tree - very clever.

Jackfruit which apparently get about three or four

times this big when mature.

The drip irrigation system.

They planted ground covers of tumeric everywhere finding it was a great natural insect deterrent. As a by product they make a lot of tumeric powder (root is boiled, chopped, then ground). Note the knife - which the cut item moves relative to - these are everywhere in India

Drum sticks. Apparently monkeys often come and sway the branches till the drumsticks fall. "It brings them pleasure

this is a perrenial tree leaf and flower which are used like salad greens

Soorya studied Environmental Science in Melbourne and is finishing up an 8 month stint working for a whiz-bang lodge called Tiger Tops

soorya , Australian graduate Nepali guy has been teaching himself the ways of the land and running wild creating the most incredible permaculture farm going in NepaL

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composting to the locals. NB: mixing the different layers of dry grasses with manure and bamboo leaves (to provide silica to the leached soils), inoculated with fresh green clippings (that act as a trap for all the bacteria fungi), help to break down organic matter into a fertile base for growing anything

How Soorya practicing permaculture in his farm?

Soorya also divorced the old idea of monoculture, and planted multiple crops of greens, herbs, tomatoes, potatoes and beans, in amongst each other which is known as poly culture/ companion planting. It makes use of all the space while also helping to avoid disease by confusing the pests. Permaculture is all about mimicking nature and while it may take longer to set up, once established it mostly looks after itself.

Nepal is lucky to have 5 different climatic zones so is able to grow a wide variety of crops depending on where in the country you are. So rather than just focusing on vegetables Soorya has also planted heaps of marigold flowers everywhere and in the coming months is planning to plant guava, banana, mango, passionfruit, avocado, pomegranate, grapes, citrus, Chinese berry, black berry and fig. These trees will attract more birds and butterflies to the area and also the Lodges. He has also made his own organic pesticide and is about to get into bee keeping

He has managed to use the excess of elephant pooto create hot water for the villagers. When large quantities of compost break down, up to 40-60 degrees Celsius of heat is generated. By capturing that heat and transferring it though pipes to a tank of water, it’s possible to have a continuous hot water supply.

ISNT IT AMAZING?

In a similar fashion, Soorya’s next project is to build a reed bed that will filter the water that comes from the lodge showers and sinks by absorbing the nitrate in the water while also producing oxygen. This water will then be used to irrigate the farm. How cool is that.

In a nutshell, permaculture is a way to radically change humans’ relationship to the environment so that we can survive and thrive without destroying our fellow earthlings or the planet. In other words, it’s about sustainability. It demands simple yet profound changes in the ways we produce our food.

Core of permaculture

1. Cooperation not competition (in work, communications and economics)

2. See solutions not problems

3. Use everything to its highest capacity

4. Each element has many functions

5. Let nature do the work. Least amount of intervention for maximum effect

6. Minimum inputs maximum yields

7. Diversity = Stability

what you see depends

upon what you thought

before you looked“, M Tribus

You Don’t Have To Do It All!

Just Do Something!!

We’re only truly secure when we can look out our kitchen window and see our food growing and our friends working nearby” (Bill Mollison, co-founder of Permaculture)

Grow Your Own Food