Literatur Review http://jikesi.fk.unand.ac.id 195 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Perkembangan Pengobatan Topikal Untuk Dermatitis Seboroik Wajah: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Narat if Azaria Ramadhani Zulkifli 1 , Rina Gustia 2 , Taufik Ashal 3 1 S1 Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia 2 Bagian Kulit dan Kelamin, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang/RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia 3 Bagian Jiwa, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang/RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia ABSTRACT Abstrak Latar Belakang: Dermatitis seboroik adalah suatu kelainan kulit kronis dan sering berulang dengan manifestasi klinis berupa makula atau plak eritema dengan skuama disertai adanya gejala pruritus. Area yang paling sering terkena adalah wajah. Pengobatan dermatitis seboroik bukan hanya untuk meringankan gejala dan tanda klinis penyakit, tetapi juga untuk meningkatkan proses normalisasi fungsi dan struktur kulit serta mempertahankan remisi jangka panjang. Objektif: Studi literatur ini bertujuan mendalami literatur yang mempelajari pengobatan untuk dermatitis seboroik wajah. Metode: Literatur yang ditinjau dicari melalui dua basis data yaitu Pubmed dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci yang sesuai dan kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang sudah ditetapkan. Hasil: Terdapat enam literatur dengan 184 kasus dermatitis seboroik wajah. Semua studi menunjukkan perbaikan yang signifikan terhadap gejala klinis yang dialami. Kesimpulan: Pengobatan yang umum digunakan untuk mengobati dermatitis seboroik wajah saat ini adalah pengobatan topikal dan sistemik serta pengobatan nonfarmakologi. Obat topikal mampu memperbaiki kondisi klinis pada kasus dermatitis seboroik wajah ringan hingga sedang. Pengobatan nonfarmakologi dapat digunakan sebagai tambahan untuk mempercepat perbaikan kondisi klinis. Kata kunci: Dermatitis seboroik wajah, Pengobatan topikal Abstract Background: Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic and recurring skin disorder with clinical manifestations as erythematous macules or plaques with a scale associated with pruritus. The most common predilection is the face area. Treatments for seborrheic dermatitis should address the normalization process of skin function and structure, not only relieving the symptoms and clinical symptoms of the disease. Thus, leading to long- term remission. Objective: The narrative review was conducted by reviewing the articles that discussed about the treatment effectiveness on facial seborrheic dermatitis. Methods: Articles search was carried out through databases such as Pubmed and Google Scholar with determined keywords and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In total, six articles were reviewed with 184 cases of facial dermatitis seborrheic. All studies showed significant improvement. This review included additional literatures to support the results of the main literatures. Conclusion: The treatments commonly used for seborrheic dermatitis these days are pharmacological treatments in the form of topical and systemic drugs as well as non- pharmacological treatments. Topical drugs were able to repair the clinical manifestation on mild to moderate seborrheic dermatitis whereas systemic drugs were indicated for cases with wide lesions and more severe condition. Non- pharmacological treatment can be used as an adjuvant to accelerate the clinical condition. Keyword: Facial dermatitis seborrheic, Topical treatment Apa yang sudah diketahui tentang topik ini? Dermatitis seboroik wajah umumnya diobati dengan obat topikal. Apa yang ditambahkan pada studi ini? Obat topikal mampu memperbaiki kondisi klinis pada kasus dermatitis seboroik wajah ringan hingga sedang. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Phone: +62 82177955020 E-mail: [email protected]ARTICLE INFORMATION Received: May, 8 th , 2021 Revised: July, 20 th , 2021 Available online: July, 30 th , 2021
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1 S1 Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia
2 Bagian Kulit dan Kelamin, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang/RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia
3 Bagian Jiwa, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang/RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, Kota Padang, Indonesia
A B S T R A C T
Abstrak Latar Belakang: Dermatitis seboroik adalah suatu kelainan kulit kronis dan sering berulang dengan manifestasi klinis berupa makula atau plak eritema dengan skuama disertai adanya gejala pruritus. Area yang paling sering terkena adalah wajah. Pengobatan dermatitis seboroik bukan hanya untuk meringankan gejala dan tanda klinis penyakit, tetapi juga untuk meningkatkan proses normalisasi fungsi dan struktur kulit serta mempertahankan remisi jangka panjang. Objektif: Studi literatur ini bertujuan mendalami literatur yang mempelajari pengobatan untuk dermatitis seboroik wajah. Metode: Literatur yang ditinjau dicari melalui dua basis data yaitu Pubmed dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci yang sesuai dan kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang sudah ditetapkan. Hasil: Terdapat enam literatur dengan 184 kasus dermatitis seboroik wajah. Semua studi menunjukkan perbaikan yang signifikan terhadap gejala klinis yang dialami. Kesimpulan: Pengobatan yang umum digunakan untuk mengobati dermatitis seboroik wajah saat ini adalah pengobatan topikal dan sistemik serta pengobatan nonfarmakologi. Obat topikal mampu memperbaiki kondisi klinis pada kasus dermatitis seboroik wajah ringan hingga sedang. Pengobatan nonfarmakologi dapat digunakan sebagai tambahan untuk mempercepat perbaikan kondisi klinis.
Kata kunci: Dermatitis seboroik wajah, Pengobatan topikal
Abstract Background: Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic and recurring skin disorder with clinical manifestations as erythematous macules or plaques with a scale associated with pruritus. The most common predilection is the face area. Treatments for seborrheic dermatitis should address the normalization process of skin function and structure, not only relieving the symptoms and clinical symptoms of the disease. Thus, leading to long-term remission. Objective: The narrative review was conducted by reviewing the articles that discussed about the treatment effectiveness on facial seborrheic dermatitis.
Methods: Articles search was carried out through databases such as Pubmed and Google Scholar with determined keywords and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In total, six articles were reviewed with 184 cases of facial dermatitis seborrheic. All studies showed significant improvement. This review included additional literatures to support the results of the main literatures. Conclusion: The treatments commonly used for seborrheic dermatitis these days are pharmacological treatments in the form of topical and systemic drugs as well as non-pharmacological treatments. Topical drugs were able to repair the clinical manifestation on mild to moderate seborrheic dermatitis whereas systemic drugs were indicated for cases with wide lesions and more severe condition. Non-pharmacological treatment can be used as an adjuvant to accelerate the clinical condition. Keyword: Facial dermatitis seborrheic, Topical treatment
Apa yang sudah diketahui tentang topik ini?
Dermatitis seboroik wajah umumnya diobati dengan obat topikal.
Apa yang ditambahkan pada studi ini?
Obat topikal mampu memperbaiki kondisi klinis pada kasus dermatitis seboroik wajah ringan hingga sedang.
terhadap enam literatur yang telah diseleksi. Total
partisipan dalam studi dari literatur yang ditinjau
adalah sebanyak 184 orang dengan rentang usia
18 hingga 70 tahun.
Tabel 1. Hasil Seleksi Literatur
Peneliti (Tahun)
Judul Jenis
Zhao, J et al. (2017)16
Comparison of Different Regimens of Pimecrolimus 1% Cream in the Treatment of Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis
Randomized controlled
trial
Kołodziejczak, A et al. (2018)40
The Assessment of the Effects of the Combination of Microdermabrasion and Cavitation Peeling in the Therapy of Seborrheic Skin with Visible Symptoms of Acne Punctata
Clinical trial
Dall'Oglio, F et al.
(2019)38
Clinical and Instrumental Evaluation of A New Topical Non-corticosteroid Antifungal/ Anti- inflammatory/ Antiseborrheic Combination Cream for the Treatment of Mild-to-Moderate Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis
Open-label trial
Dall'Oglio, F et al.
(2015)37
Evaluation of A Topical Anti-inflammatory /Antifungal Combination Cream in Mild-to-Moderate Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis
Open-label, prospective, not-blinded,
intra-patient,
controlled, clinical trial
(target area)
Balighi, K et al. (2017)36
Hydrocortisone 1% Cream and Sertaconazole 2% Cream to Treat Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial
Double-blind,
randomized controlled
trial
Gu, R et al. (2020)39
Clinical Study on Treatment of Facial Seborrheic Dermatitis with Intense Pulsed Light Combined with 30% Supramolecular Salicylic Acid
Case-control study
Sebanyak empat literatur menggunakan krim
topikal sebagai bentuk sediaan obat. Dua literatur
lainnya melakukan intervensi fisik pada area
wajah yang terkena dermatitis seboroik. Dalam
tinjauan ini dimasukkan literatur tambahan yang
membahas mengenai etiopatogenesis dan
pengobatan sistemik serta nonfarmakologi
dermatitis seboroik untuk menunjang hasil
penelitian dari literatur utama.
Instrumen pengukuran hasil yang digunakan
pada studi cukup beragam. Tetapi, pada umumnya
pengukuran hasil dilakukan subjektif
menggunakan skala poin dan Visual Analog Scale
(VAS). Beberapa studi menggunakan alat
pencitraan khusus wajah seperti Colorimeter dan
Visia-CR untuk menilai eritema secara kuantitatif
dan kualitatif. Digital photography juga digunakan
dalam beberapa studi untuk membandingkan
hasil pengobatan secara kualitatif. DLQI score dan
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