periodontal instruments and their uses

PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTS &

there uses

Wtar omerZara khasrowAzmar akram

PERIDONTAL INSTRUMENTS

PERIODONTAL PROBES EXPLORERS SCALING, ROOT-PLANING & CURETTAGE PERIODONTAL ENDOSCOPE CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENTS

CLASSIFICATION• PERIODONTAL PROBES-

• EXPLORERS-

SCALING, ROOT-PLANING AND

CURETTAGE INSTRUMENTSA. Curette : for sub gingival

scaling, root planning and removal of the soft tissue lining the pocket

B. Sickle Scaler : to remove supra gingival calculus

C. File

D. Chisel

E. Hoe

to remove tenacious calculus and altered cementum

Ultrasonic and sonic instruments- for cleansing and polishing tooth surface and curetting the soft tissue wall of the periodontal pocket

CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENTS

eg : rubber cups, brushes, dental tape, air-powder abrasive system

PARTS OF INSTRUMENT

• It is usually long, thin, and blunted at the end. The primary purpose of a periodontal probe is to measure pocket depths around a tooth in order to establish the state of health of the periodontium . There are markings inscribed onto the head of the instrument for accuracy and readability.

PERIDONATAL PROBES

SICKLE SCALERS

SICKLE SCALERS / SUPRAGINGIVAL

SCALERS • USED TO REMOVE

LARGE CALCULUS DEPOSITS FROM THE ENAMEL SURFACE

• USED WITH A PULL STROKE.

HOE SCALERS HOE SCALERS ARE USED FOR SCALING OF

LEDGES OR RINGS CALCULUS

• IT IS DESIGNED FOR THE PROXIMAL SURFACE OF TEETH TOO CLOSELY SPACED TO PERMIT THE USE OF OTHER SCALERS

• IT IS USUALLY USED IN ANTERIOR PART OF THE MOUTH

FILES• THEIR PRIMARY

FUNCTION IS TO FRACTURE OR CRUSH LARGE DEPOSITE OF TENACIOUS CALCULUS

• FILES CAN EASILY ROUGHEN ROOT SURFACES WHEN USED IMPROPERLY THEREFORE, THEY ARE SUITABLE FOR FINE SCALING

CURETTESCURETTES ARE OF TWO TYPES1. UNIVERSAL2. AREA SPECIFIC

UNIVERSAL CURETTES-USED IN ANY AREA-BOTH CUTTING EDGES USED-CURVED IN ONE PLANE-FACE OF BLADE AT 90 DEGREE TO SHANK

AREA SPECIFIC-USED IN SPECIFIC AREAS-ONE CUTTING EDGE USED-CURVED IN TWO PLANEOFFSET BLADE

• SCHWARTZ PERIOTRIEVERS A SET OF DOUBLE ENDED

HIGHLY MAGNETISED INSTRUMENTS DESIGNED FOR THE RETRIEVEL OF BROCKEN INSTRUMENT TIPS

• PLASTIC INSTRUMENTS FOR IMPLANTS TO AVOID

SCARRING AND PERMANENT DAMAGE TO IMPLANTS

DIAMOND COATED FILES

UNIQUE INSTRUMENTS USED FOR FINAL FINISHING OF ROOT SURFACES

QUETIN FURCATION CURETTES

HOES WITH A SHALLOW, HALF MOON RADIOUS THAT FITS INTO ROOF OR FLOOR OF FURCATION & DEVELOPMENTAL DEPRESSIONS OF ROOT SURFACE

SONIC AND ULTRASONIC

ULTRASONIC INSTRUMENTS :USED FOR REMOVING PLAQUE, STAINS, FOR SCALING & CURETTAGE

SONIC INSTRUMENTS : LESS POWER FOR CALCULUS REMOVAL THAN ULTRASONIC UNITS

MAGNETOSTRICTIVE ULTRASONIC UNIT

PERIDONTAL ENDOSCOPY

Use of a small fiber optic endoscope attached to a specially designed dental instrument, such as an explorer, showing sub gingival deposits in a magnified view.

CLEANSING & POLISHINING• RUBBER CUPS:- CONSIST OF A RUBBER WITH

OR WITHOUT WEBBED CONFIGURATIONS IN THE HOLLOW INTERIOR

• USED IN HANDPIECE WITH A SPECIAL PROPHYLAXIS

• A GOOD CLEANSING & POLISHING PASTE THAT CONTAIN FLOURIED SHOULD BE USED & KEPT MOIST TO MINIMIZE FRICTION HEAT

BRISTLE• AVAILABLE IN WHEEL & CUP

SHAPES• USED IN PROPHYLAXIS ANGLE

WITH A POLISHING PASTE

DENTAL TAPE

DENTAL TAPE WITH POLISHING PASTE IN USED FOR POLISHING PROXIMAL SURFACE THAT ARE INACCESSIBLE TO OTHER POLISHING INSTRUMENTS

AIR POWDER POLISHINGAir-powder polishing is used with a specially designed handpiece. This device is called Prophy-jet. It delivers an air-powder slurry of warm water and sodium bicarbonate for polishing. It is very effective for the removal of extrinsic stains and soft deposits

PERIDONTAL KNIVES

• USED FOR GINGIVECTOMY

SURGICAL BLADES

• USED IN PERIDONTAL SURGERY

PERIOSTEAL ELEVATOR

• NEEDED TO REFLECT & MOVE THE FLAP AFTER THE INCISION HAS BEN MADE FOR FLAP SURGERY

TISSUE FORCEPS

• USED TO HOLD THE FLAP DURING SUTURING • USED TO POSITION & DISPLACE THE FLAP

AFTER THE FLAP HAS BENN REFLECTED

SCISSORS AND NIPERS

• USED TO REMOVE TABS OF TISSUE DURING GINGIVECTOMY, TRIM THE MARGIN OF FLAP, ENLARGE INCISION IN PERIDONTAL ABSCESES ,REMOVE MUSCCHMENT IN SURGERY

GOLDMAN – FOX SCISSORS

NEEDLE HOLDER

• USED TO SUTURE THE FLAP AT THE DESIRE PORTION AFTER SURIGAL PROCEDURE HAS BEEN COMPLETE.

CASTROVEJO NEDDLE HOLDER

THANK YOU