Periodic Table of the Elements Review

Periodic Table of the Elements Review

TESLATESLA

August 2008August 2008

Workshop goals

• What is matter? • What is the atom? And what does it

have to do with matter?• How is the periodic table of elements

organized?

Big Idea

Elements and their combinations account for all the varied types of matter in the world.

What is matter?

Examples Measuring matter Types

The classical elements are one way to organize matter

A more modern classification system is the “states of matter”.

MATTER

MASS & VOLUME

SOLID LIQUID GAS

STATES OF MATTER

has

Matter is made of atoms

Matter made up of one type of atom is a pure substance called an element.

Atoms can also combine to make molecules

Atoms and molecules behave differently in different states of matter.

MATTER

MASS &VOLUME

SOLID LIQUID GAS

STATES OF MATTER

made up of

ATOMSELEMENTS

of one type make

has

Our current model of an atom

Warning: not to scale

The type of atom is determined by the number of protons in the atom.

Electrons are arranged around the nucleus in specific energy levels called shells.

n=3n=2n=1

MATTER

MASS & VOLUME

SOLID LIQUID GAS

STATES OF MATTER

made up of

ATOMSELEMENTS

of one type makeNUCLEUS

Inside

Protons + & Neutrons

Outside Electrons -

made of

has

Mixtures and solutions lesson 2

1)Elements are organized in the periodic table based on their chemical properties.

2)Elements are classified as metals or nonmetals.

3)Metals are good conductors of electricity and heat and nonmetals are not.

Lesson Content Goals Guiding Questions

1)How are elements arranged in the periodic table of elements?

2) How are elements classified?

3) What are some differences between metals and nonmetals?

Engaging scenario“I really appreciate your helping my neighbor put those

molecules back together. However, now I need your help. I bought some card models of elements, which came in special containers. While I was gone, my nephew got some of the cards out of their corresponding containers, mixed them up and left them on top of the table. I want to put them back, but I cannot figure out to which container they belong. There are several different things that could be used to group them, but I don’t know which is the right way. There are three colors of cards: blue, yellow and green. On one side of the cards, the letter symbol of the element and its name are displayed (the NAME side). On the other side, it shows the parts that make up an atom of the element and its symbol (the PARTS side). How can I put them back together? What is the problem I need to solve?”

Conclusions

• The rows in my table represent …….because……

• The columns in my table represent …..…because…….…

Problems to solve using your table

• Which elements in your table have 7 electrons in their outer shells?

• Which elements in your table have three shells?

• In which column and row would you most likely find an element with 4 shells and 5 electrons in their outer shell? What are the total # of protons this element has?

Problems to solve using your table

• Which elements in your table have 7 electrons in their outer shells?

• Which elements in your table have three shells?

• In which column and row would you most likely find an element with 4 shells and 5 electrons in their outer shell? What are the total # of protons this element has?

Oh yeah, I actually had 18 containers

Elements are classified as metal, metalloid or nonmetal.

Elements in the same group (column) behave in a similar way.• Alkali- one outer electron, given away

to other elements• Alkaline- two valence electrons given

away to other elements • Halogens- attracts one electron from

another elements• Noble gases: nonreactive

Review goals

• What is matter? • What is the atom? and what does it have

to do with matter?• How is the periodic table of elements

organized?

RESOURCES

www.chem4kids.com• http://www.irvingisd.net/~rflint/the_periodic_table

1.htm• www.ChemicalElement.com• www.school-for-champions.com/default.htm• www.Chemistry.about.com• www.Webelements.com