perilaku perusahaan

7/25/2019 perilaku perusahaan

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/perilaku-perusahaan 1/39

AL

ATPMP =

AL

ATPMP =

L

TPAP =

L

TPAP =

Ekonomi Manjerial (Firm Theori)

FUNGSI PRODUKSI

L TP AP MP

1

2

3

4

5

10

30

35

46

35

10

15

11,8

11,5

7

10

20

5

11

-11

TP, AP, MP

I IIIII

TP

AP

MP

1. Satu variabel

Hana untu! "atu variable MP # 0 TP $a%

2. &ua 'ariabel ()a*ital variabel+

(Marinal ate Te)ni)al Sub"titu"i/n+MTS # P

PL

150 uant # /$bina"i 2 a!t/r *r/u!"i in*ut an$ena"il!an tin!at *r/u!"i an"a$a

M i*/t/n /le A *aa "aat M *aa titi! terena

TP # AP.I

L

TP # AP.

T/tal *r/u!"i (TP+

A AL

A # AL

A AL

&i"aat TP Ma% TP *a"ti 0

L



AQ

ATCMC =

Q

TCAC = AC.QAP =

dQ

dAVC

dQdAVC

A # A' # ' ATA # T

dQ

dAVC

dQ

dAVC

dQ

dAVC

dQ

dAVC

dQ

dAVC

L TP AP MP

1

2

3

4

5

10

40

55

70

25

10

20

18,3

175

5

10

30

15

15

-45

COST CURVES

' T # 9 'T

M A' 0

M A' 0Ma%i$u$

T # 9 ' AT # A 9 A'

# : A' #vQ

uVC

→→

dq

dAVC

# 2

11

u

u.v-v.u

# OQ

1.TC-MC.Q

2 =

T

'

A.A'.AT;M

M

A

AVC

AFC

MC ! AVC AVC ! Minim"m

MC # AVC #$ Naik

MC # AVC #$ T"r"n (ne%a&i'e)

AVC # MC ! Naik

MC = FCdq

dvc

dQ

dTc+=

MC =dq

dvc

dQ

dTc =

MC = MC



# M.-T# <# M. # <

# ATCQ

TCMCdQ

dATC ===

# M AT OdQ

dATC>

M AT <

AT<

ONG RUN (an%ka Panjan%) I

T IT II

III T III II I

LT L/n un T/tal /"t

• Se$a!in bana! in*ut $a!a T a!an "e$a!in "ei!it.

• Se$a!in bana! =u$la $a!a *e$baianna a!an "e$a!in

be"ar "eina T a!an "e$a!in !e)il

ONG RUN AVERAGE COST (RAC)

MA*IMUM PROFIT

I. π # T > T

M A!an $e$/t/n AT *aa titi! $ini$u$

AT A' M I



# P. > (' 9 +

T > T ≥ ?eti!a # < π # -

< π # P. > ' > -

# P. > ' <

# P. '

# P

'4

# P A'

II. Pene!atan an i*a!ai M an M

π # T > T

<

T

T<

T==→=

!u"u" untu! *a"ar *er"ainan "e$*urna

@i!a P "e$a!in bana! $a!a uantit an itaBar!an "e$a!in bana!

("u**l+ *r/u"en

/ni"i I P # A' # Sut &/Bn

/ni"i II P # AT # C/r$al

M # M

π

π

TR+TC

TR

TC

&i$ana π # Pr/it $a%i$u$

@i!a nilaina $a%i$u$ $a!aturunan !euana aru" 50 0

P # M

P3

π

P2

P1

π # P. - TdMC > O

dQ # P-M #<3

3

1 2 3

M <

Pr/it an

*alin$ini$u$

Pr/it an

*alin$a%i$u$

0<2

2

31

3 π

0<

M-

0>

M

32

M

Pa,a -!MR#MC Pa,a

.!MC#MR

M



/ni"i III P AT # Dntun luar bia"a

/ni"i I' P AT # ui

&ibaBa AT teta*i iata" A' # A'PAT

P T ' T M AT A'

0 131 0 100 0 100 100 E 0

1 131 131 100 F0 1F0 F0 1F0 F0

2 131 262 100 170 270 80 135 85

3 131 3F3 100 240 340 70 113,33 80

4 131 524 100 320 400 60 100 75

5 131 655 100 370 470 70 F4 74

6 131 786 100 450 550 80 F1,66 757 131 F17 100 540 640 F0 F1,42 77,14

8 131 1048 100 650 750 110 F3,75 81,25

F 131 117F 100 780 880 130 F7,78 86,67

10 131 1310 100 F30 1030 150 103 F3

P $e$/t/n M atau P#M *aa "aar itu !euntunan *alin $a%i$u$.

@ara! *alin $a%i$u$ π # T-T # 117F > 880 # 2FF

M # M

Paa *ene!atan M#M $a!a ruina rui $ini$u$ an untunna

!euntunan $a%i$u$. eti!a *r/it # P AT

P T ' T M A' A' T-T

urva "u**l untu! *ere)t )/$*/titi/n =an!a *ene!

P.

P3

P2

P1

2

31

A'M

AT

.P 9' T1-T0 T '

ATC

MC

MR

ATC



0 81 0 100 0 100 100 E 0 -100

1 81 81 100 F0 1F0 F0 1F0 F0 -10F

2 81 162 100 170 270 80 135 85 -1083 81 243 100 240 340 70 113,33 80 -F7

4 81 324 100 320 400 60 100 75 -76

5 81 405 100 370 470 70 F4 74 -65

6 81 486 100 450 550 80 F1,66 75 -64

7 81 567 100 540 640 F0 F1,42 77,14 -73

8 81 648 100 650 750 110 F3,75 81,25 -108

F 81 72F 100 780 880 130 F7,78 86,67 -151

10 81 810 100 F30 1030 150 103 F3 -220

ui # (AT > P+. P Mini$al > P # A'

(F1.67-81+.6#64.02 P Mini$u$ *aa "aat A' *alin

$ini$u$

eti!a # # 5 M# P#70 A' # 74

(F4 > 81+.5 # -65 Hara *alin $ini$al a$ban

# 7 *eru"aaan $au iu* *aa

(F1,42-81+.7#72,F4 P#M#M#7-

Paa *a"ar *er"ainan "e$*urna P#M#&

(tia! aa a$batan untu! $a"u! *a"ar+

PASAR PERSAINGAN SEMPURNA

iri >)iri ari *a"ar *er"ainan "e$*urna aala G

1. aran an /$/en

2. Tia! bi"a "ebeba"na $eneta*!an ara3. eba" !eluar an $a"u! *a"ar

Con&oh /oal0

1. &i!et G T # 100 9 2

@i!a P#60 $a!a G

&it G a. era*a "u*aa π $a!" an be*ara T



b. A*a an ter=ai =i!a P↓ $en=ai (P#45+

-&enan )ara t/tal-

@aBabG

a. π # T-T P # 2

P #M # d T 60 # 2

P # 2 P # 2 # 30 $a!"

T # 100 9 2 π # T >T

T # 100 9 (30+2 π # P. > 1000

T # 100 9 (F00+ π # 60.30 > 1000

T # 1000 π # 1800 > 1000 # 800

b. @i!a P↓ (P#45+

P # 2 π # T > T

45 # 2 π # P. > (10092+

# 22,5 π # 45.22,5 > J100 9 (22,5+2K

π # 1012,5 > (1009506,25+

π # 1012,5 > (606,5+

π # 406,25

IM (SATD PDSAHAAC+

a. Ta% In)ien)e (a$*a! *enunaan *a=a!+

A

&

P#&#M

←

Kt M1 9 t > M

2

A

A

at bt

At

)π

bt # A&

π at # A



Sinel ir$. Hara teta* enan $enurani /ut*ut $a!a a!an

$ena"il!an $a%i$u$. &ala$ *r/"e" *er"ainan "e$*urna,

!enai!an ta% "a$a enan !enai!an *ri)e (ara+

Mi"alnaG t ⇒ P

2 ⇒ P↑ 2

2. T # 100 9 2

P # 60 i!ena!an *a=a! *e"ii! *. 5,- unit

&itanaG # .... π $a% # .....

T # 100 9 2 T # 100 9 2

M # 2 9 t # P T # 100 9 (27,5+2

M # 2 9 5 # 60 T # 100 # 756,25

2 # 55 T # 856,25

# 27,5

π # T - T

π # P. > T

π # 60 > (100 9 2 9 5+

π # 60.27,5 > (100 9 756,25 9 5.27,5+

π # 1650 > (100 9 756,25 9 137,5+

π # 1650 > (F33,75+

π # 656,25

PAAK PENUAAN

P5 # ∫ 0

1 (P > M+

P # M

A

&

M # 5

PS Pr/it

AT



Mi"alnaG ∫ 0

1 2π %

N2 221

0 0[ −=

# 1

/nt/G

M # 3 9 2 A' # 39

P # F # 3

&it G # ......... PS# ......

@aBabG ' # A'.

' # (39+.

' # 3 9 2

T # 9 '

T # 3 9 3 9 2

T1# M # 3 9 2 # P

3 9 2 # F

2 # 6

# 3

T # P % T # 3 9 3 9 2

T # F % 3 # 27 T # 3 9 3 (3+9 (32+

T # 3 9 F 9 F

T # 21

π # T > T

# 27 > 21

π # 6

PS # T > '

# 27 > (3 9 2+

# 27 > (3.3 9 32+

# 27 > (F 9 F+

# 27 > 18 # F atau PS # π 9 # 6 9 3 # F

A'#

'4

AT # T # 2 9 3 9 3

# 9 3 9 3

#1 1 9 3 9 31 # 7

#0 AT # E

#2 AT # 2 9 3 9 32

# 6,5



ANAISA PASAR PERSAINGAN SEMPURNA

Su**l

1. P # -4 T

2. P # -4 9 t P#-491 P#-3 AT

a. PS # P "ebelu$ *a=a!

-4 # 10- P # 10 >

2 # 14 P # 10 > 7

# 7 P # 3

b. PS # P "etela *a=a!

-3 # 10 > P # 10 >

2 # 13 P # 10 > 6,5

# 6,5 P # 3,5

M # 3 9 2

#0 M # 3#1 M # 5

#2 M # 7

#3 M # F

11

F

7

530

1 2 3 4 5

A

M

(F-7+.3

2.3#6

AT

M#P

PPS

&

P # -4 Su**la

P # 10- &e$an

Ta% 1Dnit

era*a P; q

era*a Ta% an i a*at

*e$erintaSia*a an $enanunbeban ter"be"ar



A)t t At ane

P

O.7(10-3+#24,524,50

O.6,5(10-3,5+#21,12521,1256,5

-3.375-3.375

6,5

T/tal 4F 48,75 -0,25

PASAR MONOPOI

Hara aa "atu *en=ual

- M/n/*/li itu b/le =i!a ia bi"a $en)i*ta!an *ene$uan baru

- M/n/*/l tia! "elalu be"ar an be"ar itu tia! "elalu $/n/*/li

- M/n/*/l tia! "elalu untun !arena aa "tru!tur biaa, biaa

*eru"aaan, ll

- M/n/*/l tia! "elau ter!/ntr/l.

/nt/G Pe$erinta, ara iteta*!an /le &P&

/n"/G

&i!et G T # 50 9 2

P # 40 >

&it G P; ? π Ma%

M # M P ≠ M

M # T1 M # M

40-2 # 2

T # P. 40 # 4

# (40-+ (+ # 404

# 10

M # T1

M # 40 > 2

-4-

33,5

P

6

10

TG ! 12 ! 3+412 ! 3+4

5

1 2 3 4 5 6 6,5 7

T

AT

PS

t

M # 2

T # 40-2



P # 40 > π # T - T

P # A A#T π # P.-(5092

+

P # 40 > 2 π # 30.10 > (509100+

π # 300 > (150+

P # 40 > π # 150

P # 40 > 10 AT #

T

P # 30 AT #

2+50

AT # 1510

150

10

10050==+

Atau

PASA M<C<P<L

1. π # T > T

2. M # M

40

35

3025

20

15

10

10

20

30

40

#D-µ#D1-µ9µ1-D

A

M

AT &

@i!a #20 $a!a M # 0

ε #P

P

P

Q

P

R

∆∆

==∆∆

∆

∆

.

P

P.=

ε #Sl/*e

1

P.

ε #Sl/*e

1

11P

+



P

+∑d

11 # M

P # aa 2 variabel

1. M # Marinal /"t

2. U # la"ti"ita" &e$an

Aturan *eneta*an ara

PM # M

∑+=

d

11

MC

P

&i!et G P # 40 >

TC MC MR TR P 5

50 0 40 0 0 40 E -50

75 10 30 175 5 35 -7 100

150 20 20 300 10 30 -3 150

275 30 10 375 15 25 -1.67 100

450 40 0 400 20 20 -1 -50675 50 -10 375 25 15 -0.6 -300

F50 60 -20 300 30 10 -0.33 -650

1275 70 -30 175 35 5 -4.14 -1100

1650 80 -40 0 40 0 0 -1650

∑ #Sl!"

1.

Q

P

∑ 1 # .0

40 ∞=−1

1

∑ 2 # .5

357

1

1−=

−

∑ 3 # .10

303

1

1 −=−

∑ 4 # .15

2567,1

1

1 −=−

Mar! u* → Sebera*a "e"e/ran $ena$bil !euntunan ari M

P =

+∑d

MC

11



M # P

+∑d

11

# P 9∑d

! # M

/n"/G

&i!etaui G ε # -4

M # F

P #41

4-1

1 -1

F

1

F

1

M=

+=

+

# 1241

====− 3

3634F.FF

43

44

Mar! D*G

P

M-P

=−1

25Q0,25%100Q12

3

12

F12

===

−=

−1

@i!a ε # -2

&i!etaui G ε # -2

M # F

P #2-1

1 1

F

1

M

+=

+

# 1#21

===− 1

2F.

FF

21

22

Mar! D*G

P

MC-P

d

1=

−

∑

∑−

=d

1

P

MC-P



P

M-P

=−1

50Q0,5%100Q18

F18

==

−=

−1

@i!a G

&i!et G Ta% # 3 P#3 Pa=a! S*e"ii!

P#2 (M 9 t+ M

P #

+

=+

ε δ εδ

εδ

εδ

1

M4

1

M4

1

Pt #εδ

εδ 1

M+

Pt # 1+εδ

εδ M.

Pat #( )

1$1%

.

++

=++

εδ

εδ εδ

εδ

εδ t.M.tM

Pat > Pbt

M. εδ9t. εδ-M. εδ εδ91

t t

t

t t 2

1

2

2

22

1

.=

−−

=−−

→−=→

+ εδ

εδ

εδ

M

P$

P$

CS

M

M

M#M

M



&ala$ M/n/*/l

P # A ≠ M ≠ M

M # M

<LI<P<L

Pr/u"en Seller

iri-)iriG

• ree entr (beba" $a"u! *a"ar+

• arrier (little+ *aten

• Pr/u!na tereen"ia"i. Se*erti $/bil (niaa+, T//ta, Mit"ubi"i,• Peranan Averti"in (I!lan+ "anat *entin.

&ala$ <li/*/l aa rea!"i teraa* *e"ainG

# ƒ(P.P+

a. 2 0Q t/tal 100Q

b. @i!a uantit *eru"aaan 2 (2+ # 25Q

<ut*ut $a%i$u$ O . 100 # 50

/nt/ "/alG

&

P1

1

37,5 50

M

MMa

1

D6 Da



1.P # 30- M1# M2# M3#12

P # 30-(19 29 3+

M1 # M2 # 0 1 an π2 2 an π2

P # 30 >

T1 # P-1

# J(30-(192+K1

# 301-12-1.2 M#30-21-2

M # M1

30-21-2#0

2#15- 22

1

2#15- 12

1

T1 # 301-12-1(15-

2

11+

# 301-12-1519

22

1

T1 # 151 -2

11

2

M1#M1 2#15-7,5 T/t# 192

15-1 # 0 2#7,5 T/t# 1597,5

1#15 T/t# 22,5

Dntu! a"e *er"ainan "e$*urna

P #30- P # 30- Menu=i

M # 12 P # 30-18 /r$ulanaG ualit #+(

+.((

1+nQPcn

P # M P # 12

30- # 12 i$ana n # @u$la *eru"aaan

# 18 P)# Pere)t /$*/titi/n

# (n+.P) (n91+ # 3.18

4

<li/*/l



# 13,5

2. P# 60-

T1#1

T2# 152912

T1# P.1 M1#M1

# J60-(192+2 60-21-2 #21

# 602-1292.2

2 60-2 # 41

1 # 604 > 24 # 15-142

M1# 60-1-22

M2# 15922

Sub"titu"i G 1 !e 2

M2 # M2 2 # 11,25141

60-1-22 # 15922 2 # 11,25 -14 (15.142+

-22 > 22 # 15-6091 # 11,25 - 15491162

-42 # -4591-4 # 11,25 > 3,75 9 1162

2 # -45-4 9 1-4 2-1162 # 11,25-3,75

2 # 11,25 - -141 516 2 # 7,5

2 # 7,5.16 15

2 # 120 15

2 # 8

Sub. 2 !e

1 # 15 - V 2

1 # 15-14.8

1 # 15 - 2

# 13

A*abila T2 na irevi"i

1 # 15 - V 2 i$a"u!an !e ala$

T2 # 602 - 1. 2- 22

1# 11,25 > V

1

1# 15 > V

2

22+-4

2$

2$ 24 74



# 602 - 152 9 V 22 > 2

2

# 45.2 > W 22

/nt/ G

A"u$"i 2 Peru"aaan i *a"ar $ena"il!an /ut*ut

P # 30 >

M # 0 (M1 ; M2 # 0+

&itana G bera*a 1 an 2 "eina π1 an π2 $a%

@aBabG

π # T - T

T # P.1 1 # 15- O 2

T1 # (30-+ 1 i$ana

T1 # J(30-(192+K1 1 # 15 > O 2

T1 # 301-12-1.2 1 # 15 > O (15 > O 1+

M2-30

T1

1 →−= 2d

d

1 # 15 - 14

1

2

15

+

W 1 #2

15

M # M

30 > 21 > 2 # 0 1 #6

60

3

4.

2

15=

30 > 2 # 21

1 # 15 - 22

11 # 10 2 # 10

T # 1 9 2

T/t # 10 9 10 # 20P # 30 - T/t

# 30 - 20# 10

1# 15 > O

2

24

2$

2$ 24 .$

.$

1



Pa"ar Per"ainan Se$*urna. M/n/*/l M # MP # M M # M 3 # - 2 # 0

30- # 0 T # P 30 # 2 # 30 T # (30-+. T # 15P # 0 T # 30 > 2 1# 7,5 2 # 7,5

M # 30 > 2 P # 30 - T

P # 30 - 15P # 15

/n"/ G

2. &i!etaui G P # 30 > M1 # M2 # 12

&itana G 1. 2 "u*aa π1,π2 $a%

π # T > T

T1 # P. 1 2 # F > O 1

T1 # (30 > + 1 i$anaT1 # ((30 > (1 9 2++ 1 1 # F > O 2

T1 # 301 > 12 > 1 . 2 1 # F > (12 (F > O 1++

M # 30 - 21 > 2 1 # F > F2 9 V 1

M # M W 1 # 2

'1# −

30 - 21 > 2 # 12 W 1 # F2

30 > 12 - 2 # 21 1 # F2 . 43 # 366

<li/*/l (u/ */l+24

2$

2$ -$ .$

.$

M/n/*/l

P#30 -

Pere)t /$*etiti/n

-+4 4 8+4 2$ 24 .$

.$

-4

-$

24

2$

8+4

4

Kol"/i

1 # 15 > O

2



7

30.2

18 > 2 # 21 1 # 6

1 # F > 121

2 # F > 121

1 # F > O . 6

1 # F > 3

1 # 6

M2 45 2 - 2.34 2

45 > 64 2

45 > 32 2

M2 # M3

45 > 23 3 # 15 9 2 2 1 # 15 > V 2

45 - 15 # 22 9 23 2 1 # 15 > V . 8.6

30 # 22

7 # 15 > 2,5

# 2 # 12,85

2 # 8,6

Com9o/i/i in Pri:e

T/t # 1 9 2

T/t # 6 9 6 # 12

P # 30 - T/t

P # 30 > 12

P # 18

3 ; 24 .$

.$

-4

-$

24

2$

3

1 # F > O

2

Coll"/i'e

Com9e&i&ion

3$

4$

7$

.$

-$



(heterogenous Goods)

4/llu"ive

21T += P # 4

π1 # P11-T)1

P1# P2

π1 # 12 P1-2P129P1P2-20

π1 # 12 P2-2P22 9P1P2-20

π19π2 # 24 P-4P2 92P2 -40

π T/t # π1 9 π2

# 24P > 2P2 # 0

24 # 4P P#6

04P-240P

=→=d

dπ

24 # 4P

P # 6

T # 192 M # M1 "eina π1 $a%. 1

M # M2 "eina π2 $a%

π T/t $a%

M"l&<9lan& Mono9oli/&



AR2 ! D

-

3$

4$

7$

.$

-$

AR- ! D

-

MR-

MR

MCP2

P-

Thir, ,e%ree

Pa

P2

Pm

P-

M

l/! I

A

AM

H l / !

I I

l/! III

0 0 1 $ 2

Se:on, ,e%ree

P# )/"t $ini$al ara "u*aa tia! rui

Pa

P6

P:

P:

C

M

A

A

M

&#AM

Fir/& ,e%ree



/nt/ "/al G

& → P # 100 >

S → P # 20 > 3

&itana G a. P an Pere)t /$*eti"i

b. P an M/n/*"/n

@aBab G

a. 100 > # P P # 100 >

AR2 ! D

-

P

P

M/n/*"/n

ME

ME ! MV

A#S

MC

PMC

MR

AR!D

M(!)(* P+" =*

*v −M(!l* P+" =

*

M4* −



20 9 3 # P - # 100 - 20

80 > 4 # 0 P # 80

80 # 4

# 20

b. M' # M

S → P # 20 > 3 # A

Dntu! $/n/*"/n *aa T an i*a!ai P na aala Su**la

T # P. M' #M PS # 20 9 3

# (20 9 3+ . 100 > # 20 9 6 # 20 9 3(11,43+

# 20 9 32 #0 = 7Q = 20 34,2'

M = 20 6Q Q = 11,43 P = 54,26

CONTOH SOAL TEORI EKONOMI MIKRO II

1. /" P = 300 3Q

TC = Q3 21 Q2 333Q 1#0

T(* . Q, P, T d( π

. P1 = 225 → Q, P, T, TC, 2 π

8+

A. M = MC → 9(!l

T = P.Q

= %300 3Q$ Q

= 300Q 3Q2

M = Qdq

dtr 6300 −=

TC = Q 1#033321 213 ++−− QQ

MC = 3Q2 42Q 333

M = MC

300 - 6Q = 3Q2 42Q 333



300 6Q = 3Q2 42Q 333

- 67 36Q 3Q2 : 33Q 6Q 3Q2 42Q

3Q2 36Q 267 33 36Q 3Q2 : 3Q2 36 33

=a

cabb

.2

.42 −±−

=3.2

36:1673.412'636 −−±

6

33.1212'6−±

=6

12412'636 −±

6

117236 ±=

=6

23,3436 ± 6

'0036 ±= =6

3063± = 11

Q1 =6

23,3436 + = 11,70

Q2 =6

23,3436+ = 0,2'5

P = 300 3 %Q1 Q2$ P = 300 3 %Q1 Q2$

= 300 3. 11,70 → = 300 3 %11,''5$

= 300 35,1 = 300 35,'#5

= 264,' = 264,015

T = P.Q

= P. %Q1 Q2$

= 264,015 . 11,''5

= 3166,#5

π = T TC

= 3166,#5 %11,''5$3

21 %11,''5$2

33 %11,''5$2

= 3166,#5 %1725,#4$ 21 %143,##$ 3'5,#3

= 3166,#5 1725,#4 -3021,4# 575,#3

= 3166,#5 1725,#4 2445,65

= 3166,#5 4171,4'

= -1004,64

;. P↑225 → Q,P,T,TC d( π



225 = 300 3Q

3Q = 300 225

Q = 75:3 = 25

P = 300 3 %'5$

= 300 75 = 225

π = T TC

= P.Q Q3 21Q2 333Q 1#0

= 225.25 - 253 - 21 %25$2 333 %25$ 1#0

= 5625 15625 13125 #325 1#0

= 5625 11005

= -5.380

S""lu9(*

T = P.Q

= 225.25 = 5625

TC = 253 21 %25$2 333 %25$ 1#0

= 15625 13125 #325 1#0

= 11005

2. /" Q = 144:P2

AVC = Q1:2

FC = 5

T(* . Q P → π M<

. P 4 → Q, P 2 π

8+

. Q = 144: P2 T = P.Q

P2 =Q

144 = Q

Q.

122:1

P =Q

144 =

2:1

12

Q =

2:1.122:1

12 −= QQ

Q

Q

= 12Q 2:1 .........1

TC = VC FC M = MC



AC = AVC.Q FC 6Q -1:2 = 3:2 Q1:2

= Q1:3. Q 5 2:1

6

Q = 3:2 Q1:2

= Q 3:2 5 ...........2

MC = TC1 12 = 3Q

= 3:2 .Q1:2 ...........3 Q = 4.............5

M = T

= 12 Q1:2 π = T - TC

= 6Q-1:2.................4 = %P$ . %Q$ %Q3:2 5$

P =Q

12= 24 %# 5$

=4

12 = 6.............6 = 11..............7

. P = 4

P = 2:1

12

Q π = T - TC

4 = 2:1

12

Q= %4$. %'$ %Q3:2 5$

Q1:2 =4

12= 36 27 5

Q1:2 = 3 = 36 -32

Q = 3 = 4

Q = '

3. /" C = 100 5Q Q2

P = 55 2Q

T(* . Q 2P → π 9< , C5 2 /L

. P↑ → 27 → Q, P, CS 2 π, /L

8+

A. T = P.Q P = 55 2Q

= %C5 2$. Q = 55 2 %10$



= 55Q 2Q2 = 55 - 20

M = 55.4Q = 35

M = MC

55.4Q = -5 2Q

555 = 2Q 4Q

60 = 6Q

Q = 10

π = T TC

= P.Q 100 - 5Q Q2

= 35.10 100 5 %10$ %10$2

= 350 100 50 100

= 300

Cd( P Cd( 5 MC

P = 55 2 P = -5 2Q

P = 0 Q = 55:2 = 27,5 P = 0 Q = 2,5

Q = 0 P = 55 Q = 0 P = 5

C5 = > . .

= > . 10. 55 35

= > . 10. 20

C5 = 5 . 20

= 100

/L = > . .

= > .5 . 20

= 2,5 . 20

= 50

ATC =Q

TC =100

150 = 15 MC = P

M = 55 4Q

Q = 0 M = 0

M = 55 Q = 13,75



;. P = 27 P = 55 2Q

27 = 55 -2Q = 55 2 %14$

2Q = 55 27 = 55 2#

2Q = 2# = 27

Q = 14

TC = 100 - 5Q Q2

= 100 5 %14$ %14$ 2

= 100 70 1'6

= 226

π = T - TC

= P.Q 226

= 37# 226

= 152

CS = > ..

= > .14. 55 27

= 7. 2#

= 1'6

PL = > . .

= > .20 .14

= 10. 14

= 140

4. /" MC1 = 20 2Q1 P = 20 3 %Q1 Q2$

MC2 = 10 5Q2

T(* . Pdu)

. P → π 9<

8+



T = P.Q

= %20 3Q$.Q

= 20Q 3Q2

M = 30 3Q

M = MC2

20 3Q = 10 5 Q2

20 3 %Q1Q2$ = 10 5Q2

20 3Q1 3Q2 = 10 5Q2

20 10 3Q1 = 5Q2 3Q2

10 3Q1 = #Q2

10 = #Q2 3Q1

10 = 3Q1 #2

M = MC1

20 3Q = 20 2Q1

20 3 %Q1Q2$ = 20 2Q1

20 - 3Q1 - 3Q2 = 20 2Q1

20- 3Q2 = 20 2Q1 3Q1

20 20 3Q2 = 2Q1 3Q1

0 - 3Q2 = 5Q1

0 = 5Q1 3Q2

0 = 5Q1 3Q2 ?3 0 = 15Q1 'Q2

10 = 3Q1 #Q2 ?5 50 = 15Q1 40Q2

50 = -3Q2

Q2 =31

50

−−

= 1,612

10 = 3Q1 #Q2 Q = Q1 Q2

10 = 3.Q1 # %1.612$ = -1.035 1.612

= 3.Q1 12.#'6 = 0,577

3Q1= 12.#'6 16 P = 20 3Q

Q1 = -3: 2.#'6 = 20 3 %Q1 Q2



= -1,035 = 20 3 %0,577$

= 20 1,731

= 78,269

5. /" QT = Q1 Q2 Q3

TC1 = 20 Q12 TC3 = 15 Q3

2

TC2 = 10 Q22 QT = 60 P

T(* . Q. Pd Cu( q

. π

8+

A. Q = 60 P→ P = 60 Q

T 1 = P.Q1

= 60 %Q1 Q2 Q3$ . Q1

= 60 Q1 Q 2

1 - Q1. Q2 - Q1. Q3

M 1 =1

1

dQ

dTR= 60 - 2 Q1 Q2 Q3

π M< )* M 1 = MC1 = 0

60 - 2 Q1 Q2 Q3 = 2 Q1

60 - 2 Q1 Q2 Q3 - 2 Q1 = 0

60 - 4 Q1 Q2 Q3 = 0

60 = 4Q1 Q2 Q3

4Q1 = 60 - Q2 - Q3

Q1 = 15 @ Q2 - @ Q3 !")

T 2 = P.Q2

= 60 %Q1 Q2 Q3$ . Q2

= 60 Q2 - Q22 - Q1 Q2 Q2 . Q3



M 2 =2

2

dQ

dT6 = 60 - 2 Q2 Q1 Q3

9< )* M 2 = MC2 = 0

60 - 2 Q2 Q1 Q3 = 2 Q2 = 0

60 - 2 Q2 Q1 Q3 - 2 Q2

60 - 4 Q2 Q1 Q3 = 0

60 = 4 Q2 Q1 Q3

4 Q2 = 60 - Q1 Q3

4 Q2 = 15 @ Q1 @ Q3 !") B

T 3 = P.Q3

= 60 %Q1 Q2 Q3$ . Q3

M 3 = 60 Q3 - Q32 Q1 . Q3 Q2 . Q3

=3

3

dQ

dT6 = 60 - 2 Q3 Q1 Q2

M< )* M 3 = MC3 = 0

60 - 2 Q3 Q1 Q2 = 2 Q3

60 - 2 Q3 Q1 Q3 - 2 Q3 = 0

60 - 4 Q3 Q1 Q2 = 0

60 = 4 Q3 Q1 Q2

4 Q2 = 60 - Q1 Q2

4 Q2 = 15 @ Q1 @ Q2 !") 3

Su)u)

P") " 2 " !") 1

= 15 @ %15 @ Q1 @ Q3$ - @ Q3

= 15 15:4 1:16 Q1 1:16 Q3 - @ Q3

= 45:4 1:16Q1 3:16@ Q3

1:16Q1 = 45:4 3:16Q3

Q1 = 3Q15

16<

16

3

15

16<

4

45 −

Q1 =240

4#

60

720 −

Su)u) !") 2 " !") 3



= 15 @ Q1 @ %15 @ Q1 @ Q3$

= 15 @ Q1 15:4 1:16 Q1 1:16 Q3

= 15 - 3:16Q1 15:4 1:16 Q3

Q3 = 45:4 3:16 Q1 1:16 Q3 !") 4

Q3 = 45:4 3:16 Q1 1:16 Q3

15:16 Q3 = 45:4 3:16 Q1

Q3 = 45:4 < 16:16 3:10 < 16:15 Q1

Q3 = 1Q240

4#

60

72' −

Q3 = 12 -5

1 Q1 !") 5

Su) !") 5 " !") 4

Q2 = 12 - 1:5 %12 1:5 Q1$

Q1 = 12 - 12:15 1:25 Q1

Q1 = 1Q25

1

5

4# +

5

4#Q

25

241 = P = 60-Q

Q1 =24

25

5

4# + = 60 %Q1 Q2 Q3$

Q1 = 10120

1200 = = 60 %10 10 10$

= 60 %30$

= 30

Q3 = 12 1:5 Q1

= 12 1:5 . %10$

= 12 2

= 10



Q2 = 15 1:4 Q1 @ Q3

= 15 1:4 . %10$ @ %10$

= 15 2,5 2,5

= 10

8d Q1 = Q2 = Q3

;. π1 = T 1 - TC1

= PQ1 TC1

= %60 Q1 - Q

2

1 - Q1. Q2 - Q1. Q3 $ %20 Q

2

1 $= 600 100 100 100 120 1#0

= 2#0

π2 = TP2 - TC2

= 30 .10 20 Q 21

= 300 120 = 2#0

6. /" TC = 20Q Q2

P = 200 - 2Q

T(* . Q . P . π → cu9 q

. P") 2 ) v" Q. P d( π

c. ;"u) → Q , P D π

8+

A. P = 200 2Q

= 200 2 %Q1 Q2$

T 1 = P. Q1

= %200 Q1 - 2 Q 21 - 2 Q1. Q2

M 1 = 200 2Q1 2Q2

M 1 = MC2 = 0

200 - 4 Q1 - 2Q2 = 20 2 Q1



200 - 4 Q1 - 2Q2 - 20 - 2 Q1

1#0 - 6 Q1 2 Q2 = 0

1#0 = 6Q1 2Q2

6 Q1 = 1#0 - 2 Q2

Q1 = 3- 1:3 Q2

T 2 = P.Q2

= 200 2%Q1 Q2$. Q2

= 200 Q2 - 2 Q22 2 Q1. Q2

M 2 = 200 - 4Q2 - 2Q1

M 2 = MC2

200 - 4Q2 - 2Q1 = 20 2Q2

200 - 4Q2 - 2Q1 - 20 - 2Q2

1#0 - 6Q2 - 2Q1 = 0

1#0 = 6Q2 2Q1

6Q2 = 1#0 - 2 Q1

Q2 = 30 1:3 Q1

Su) Q2 " Q1

Q1 = 30 1:3 %30- 1:3 Q1$

= 30 10 1:'Q1

Q1 = 20 1:' Q1

#:' Q1 = 20

Q1 =#

20<'= 22,5

Q2 = 30 1:3 %22,5$= 30 7,5

= 22,5 Q1 = Q2 = 22,5



P. Tl = 200 2 %Q1 Q2$

= 200 2 % 22,5 22,5$

= 200 45

= 155

π !) π1 π2

π1 = T 1 TC1

= %P. Q1$ %20Q1 Q12$

= %155 . 22, 5$ %20 . 22,5 %22,5$2$

= 34#7,5 %-450 506,25$= 34#7,5 '56,25

= 2531,25 = π1 = π2

;. T 1 = P. Q1

= 200 2 %Q1 Q2$. Q1

= 200 Q1 - 2 Q1

2

2Q1 . Q2

M 1 = 200 - 4Q1 - 2Q2

M 1 = MC1

200 - 4Q1 - 2Q2 = 20 2Q1

200 - 4Q1 - 2Q2 - 20 - 2Q1

1#0 6Q1 - 2Q2 = 0

1#0 = 6Q1 2Q2

6Q1 = 1#0 - 2Q2

Q1 = 30 1:3 Q2



T 2 = P. Q2

= 200 2 %Q1 Q2$ . Q2

= 200Q2 - 2Q2 - 2Q1 . Q2

M 2 = 200 - 4Q2 - 2Q1

M 2 = MC2

200 - 4Q2 - 2Q1 = 20 2Q2

200 - 4Q2 - 2Q1 - 20 - 2Q2

1#0 - 6Q2 - 2Q1 = 0

1#0 = 6Q2 2Q1

6Q2 = 1#0 2Q1

Q2 = 30 1:3Q1

P"u)E( 2 ) 9("*

M;S Q1 T 2

T 2 = 200Q2 - 2Q22 2 %30 1:3Q2$ . Q2

= 200Q2 - 2Q22 60 2:3Q2

= 200Q2 - 4:3Q22 60

= 200 #:3Q2

M 2 = MC2

= 200 - #:3Q2 = 20 2Q2

= 200 - #:3Q2 - 20 - 2Q2



= 1#0 -3

14Q2

= 14:3Q2 = 1#0 = 3#, 57 = Q2

= 30 1:3Q2

= 30 12,#5

= 17,11

T 2 = 200 2 %Q1 Q2$

= 200 2 %45$

= 200 '0

= 110

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