Percutaneous Closure Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen of Patent Foramen Ovale Ovale Sponsors: Sponsors: Kung Ming Jan, M.D., Ph.D. Kung Ming Jan, M.D., Ph.D. Judah Weinberger, M.D., Ph.D. Judah Weinberger, M.D., Ph.D. Columbia University Medical Center Columbia University Medical Center Department of Cardiology Department of Cardiology Project TA: Jeffrey Garanich, Ph.D. Project TA: Jeffrey Garanich, Ph.D. Design Team: Ali Stern Dmitry Oulianov Dolores Miranda Henry Qazi Safiya Arif The City College of New York / Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale Sponsors: Kung Ming Jan, M.D., Ph.D. Judah Weinberger, M.D., Ph.D. Columbia University Medical Center Department.
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Percutaneous Closure Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen of Patent Foramen
OvaleOvale
Sponsors:Sponsors:Kung Ming Jan, M.D., Ph.D.Kung Ming Jan, M.D., Ph.D.Judah Weinberger, M.D., Ph.D.Judah Weinberger, M.D., Ph.D.Columbia University Medical CenterColumbia University Medical Center
Design Team:Ali SternDmitry OulianovDolores MirandaHenry QaziSafiya Arif
The City College of New York / Department of Biomedical Engineering
Prenatal Prenatal oxygenation of oxygenation of blood bypasses blood bypasses lungs.lungs.
Oxygenated blood Oxygenated blood passes from right passes from right to left atrium to left atrium through the through the foramen ovale foramen ovale (FO).(FO).
Fetal circulation
Fetal CirculationFetal Circulation
•Septum primum and secundum overlap.
•Septa create an opening to allow direct shunting of fetal blood.
Following birth the P of Following birth the P of each chamber changes.each chamber changes.
P changes force septum P changes force septum primum to close over primum to close over septum secundum.septum secundum.
In a period of 1-2 weeks In a period of 1-2 weeks 70% of population have 70% of population have fusion of septa primum fusion of septa primum and secundum.and secundum.
The condition in which The condition in which the septa fail to seal the septa fail to seal over and remain over and remain patent is known as patent is known as ASD. ASD.
ASD is an opening ASD is an opening (hole) between right (hole) between right and left atria. and left atria.
Atrial Septal DefectAtrial Septal Defect
Patent Foramen OvalePatent Foramen Ovale
PFO, a type of PFO, a type of ASD, is a flap-ASD, is a flap-like opening like opening between the between the atrial septa atrial septa primum and primum and secundumsecundum
Clinical NeedClinical Need
PFO is present in 20-25% of PFO is present in 20-25% of the populationthe population
PFO has been associated PFO has been associated with:with: MigrainesMigraines Cryptogenic strokes Cryptogenic strokes Systemic embolismSystemic embolism
Migraine is a vascular headacheMigraine is a vascular headache Over 2,500,000 people in the U.S. have at Over 2,500,000 people in the U.S. have at
least one migraine weekly, with a lifetime least one migraine weekly, with a lifetime prevalence of 18%prevalence of 18%
PFO are related to Migraines if paradoxic PFO are related to Migraines if paradoxic embolism causes headacheembolism causes headache
MigraineMigraine
Cryptogenic strokesCryptogenic strokes
There are 700,000 strokes per year in the There are 700,000 strokes per year in the U.S.U.S.
30-40% of these are cryptogenic30-40% of these are cryptogenic
40-70% of cryptogenic strokes are PFO 40-70% of cryptogenic strokes are PFO relatedrelated
84,000-196,000 strokes per year in the 84,000-196,000 strokes per year in the United States are by paradoxical embolism United States are by paradoxical embolism due to PFOdue to PFO
Treatment OptionsTreatment Options
Medical TreatmentMedical Treatment
Open heart Open heart surgery to close surgery to close the PFO the PFO
Percuteneous Percuteneous closure of the PFOclosure of the PFO
Disadvantages:Disadvantages: Requires precisionRequires precision Material propertiesMaterial properties
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Kung Ming Jan, M.D., Ph.D.Kung Ming Jan, M.D., Ph.D. Judah Weinberger, M.D., Ph.D.Judah Weinberger, M.D., Ph.D. Columbia University Medical CenterColumbia University Medical Center Department of CardiologyDepartment of Cardiology