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Perception
Cognition
Names
Sensation
Motivation and Emotion
States of Consciousness
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Perception Cognition Names Sensation Motivation and Emotion
States of Consciousness
Type of processing used by perception
Top Down
The tendency to place items that look similar in a
group
Gestalt Organizing Principle of Similarity
What is size constancy?
The understanding that an object’s shape remains the
same even though the angle of view makes the shape appear changed
What is a visual cliff?
Used to study depth perception in infants
What are your two binocular depth cues? Explain what they are!
Retinal Disparity: Results from slightly different images produced by the separation of the retinas in the left and right eye
Convergence: related to the tension in the eye muscles when the eyes track inward to focus on objects close to the viewer
Difference between phonemes and morphemes
Phonemes = smallest unit of sound
Morphemes = smallest unit of sound with meaning
Divergent v Convergent Thinking
Divergent = many different solutions to a problem
Convergent = one solution to a problem
A tendency to approach a situation in a particular way
Mental Set
What is framing?
The way an issue is worded or presented; Can effect our judgments
What is the difference between the availability heuristic and the representativess heuristic?
Availability: decision is made based on information that is easily retrieved from memory
Representativeness: heuristic in which a situation is judged on the basis of its resemblance to a stereotypical model
Ivan Pavlov
Accidently discovered classical conditioning while studying digestion in dogs
Paul Ekman
Studies emotion (through facial expressions) across cultures
John B. Watson
Studied the classical conditioning of emotions (Little Albert); Major figure in behaviorism
Helmholtz and Young
Creators of the trichromatic theory of color visions
Ernst Weber
Author of Weber’s Law: In order for a difference to be perceptible, two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion, not amount
Receptor cells for sight
Rods and Cones
Height of a sound wave determines _____; Frequency determines _______
Loudness; Pitch
Path that sound takes as it makes its way through the ear