Perception

Which of the two lines is bigger?

Which of the two lines is bigger?

M-A-C-M-I-L-A-NM-A-C-T-A-V-I-S-HM-A-C-H-I-N-A-R-Y

PERCEPTION

DefinitionPerception is a process

by which individuals organize

and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give

meaning to their environment.

Factors Influencing Perception:

1.) Perceiver

2.) Target

3.) Situation

Factors in perceiver

• Attitudes

• Motives

• Interests

• Past experiences

Factors in Target

• Background

• Grouping

Factors in Target

• Novelty

• Sounds

• Motion

•Size

Factors in Situation

• Time

• Work setting

• Social setting

Person Perception:

Making Judgments About Others

ATTRIBUTION THEORY

When individuals observe behaviour, they attempt to determine whether it is

internally or externally caused.

Attribution Theory

Two Types of Causes:

1) Internal

2) External

Three Factors of the Attribution Theory:

1. Distinctiveness

2. Consensus

3. Consistency

Self Serving Bias

Fundamental Attribution Error

Shortcuts in Judging Others:

1.) Selective Perception

2.) Halo Effect

3.) Contrast Effects

4.) Projection

5.) Stereotyping

Specific Applications in Organizations:

1. Employment Interview

2. Performance Expectations

(Self Fulfilling Prophecy)

3. Performance Evaluation