LAPORAN AKHIR LAPORAN HASIL KEGIATAN PERAKITAN PUPUK NPK LEPASTERKENDALIDAN PENYERAPAIR UNTUK MENINGKATKANEFISIENSI PEMUPUKANTANAMANJERUK DI TANAHPASIRAN SURAT PERINTAH KERJAPELAKSANAANPENELITIAN NOMOR: 694/lb.620/I.l/2/2009 TANGGAL 20 Februari 2009 Oleh: Dr. Ir. Abdul Syukur, SU Dr. Ir. Eko Hanudin, M.S Ir. Suhariyono , Ir. Sutopo, MSi Sulakhudin, S.P., M.P LEMBAGA PENELITIAN DAN PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA Bekerjasama dengan BADANPENELITIAN dan PENGEMBANGANPERTANIAN TAtlUN 2009
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dari Balitjestro. Peneliti dan teknisi tersebut berperan terutama dalam pengkajian tanggap
tanaman jeruk terhadap perlakuan pupuk maupun-dalam perakitan pupuk.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA:
Lan, W. and M. Liu. 2008. Preparation and properties of chitosan-coated NPK compoundfertilizer with controlled-release and water-retention. Carbohydrate Polymers. (72): 240-247.
Land R. Liang, 2008, Preparation and properties of a double-coated slow-release NPK compound fertilizer with superabsorbent and water-retention. BioresourceTechnology. (99): 547-554.
Wu, L. and , M. Liu. 2008, Preparation and properties of chitosan-coated NPK compoundfertilizer with controlled-release and water-retention. Carbohydrat Polymer. (72): 240-247.
, and R. Liang 2008. Preparation and properties of a double-coated slow-release NPK compound fertilizer with superabsorbent and water-retention. BioresourceTechnology. (99): 547-554.
Xhu-seheng, H., L. Zhong-wen, H. Pei-zhao, D, Ji-xian, G. Rhen-shan, L. Hong-bo and G. Zeng-chao. 2007. Characteristics and Performace of Novel Water-Absorbent Slow ReleaseNitrogen Fertilizers. 2007. Agricultural Sciencesin China. 6(3):338-346
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EXCECUTIVE SUMMARY
FORMULATION OF NPK FERTILIZER WITH CONTROLLED-RELEASE AND WATER-
RETENTION FOR INCREASING FERTILIZER USE EFFICIENCY FOR CITRUS TREES IN
SANDY SOIL
Abdul Syukurl, Eko Hanudinl, Suhariyon02,Sutop03, Sulakhudin3e : Lecturerof UGM;2 : Reseacher of Balitjestro; 3: Student of UGM)
Of all nutrient elements, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium and water are those
which have the most significant effect on fruit yield and quality. However, about 40 - 70% of N,
80 - 90% of P and 50 - 70% of K of the applied conventional fertilizer is lost to environment
and cannot be absorbed by plants, which cause not only large economic and resource losses
but also very serious environmental pollution. The use of double-coated slow release fertilizer is
newtrend to save fertilizerconsumptionand minimizeenvironmentalpollution.The NEEMseed
(Azadirachta indica/ A. Juss) extract as inner coating is environmental friendliness nitrification
inhibitor, and nature zeolit as outer coating materials are soil ameliorant have hight cation
exchange capacity and water-retention function, so the product not only has slow-release
property but also can absorb water and preserve the soil moisture at the same time. The aim
of this research was to get formula and dose of double-coted NPKfertilizer with controlled
release and water-retention to improve the fertilzer use efficiency and agronomic effectivness
for citrus nursery. The prototype can be proposed to acquire a patent.
This research was used NPK(15-15-15) conventional fertilizer with extract from NEEM
seed as inner coating and nature zeolite powder as outer coating, citrus CV.Japansche Citroen,
and soil sandy material. The activity which was done in the year 2009 includes formulation of
NEEM-coatedNPK(NPKneem), examination of losing of N from Neem-coated NPK, formulation
of Neem-coated NPKwith clay (double coated NPK= NPKzeoneem),characterizationof double-
coated NPK,and examination of double-coated NPKfertilizer use effectivness and N, P, K use
efficieny for nursery citrus in sandy soil at nursery house. The experiment was arranged in
corttpletelyrandomized design (CRD)with eight rates of fertilizer:0% (control), 100 % of
conventional NPKfertilizer, 100% NPKneem,20; 40; 60; 80 and 100 % of NPKzeoneemfrom
conventional NPKdose that recommended. Variables that measured are plant growth, N, P, K
use efficiency,agronomic effectiveness of double-coated NPK,and soil fertility.
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Seed extract of neem as coating of NPK fertilizer can decreasing growth of nitrobacter
so that lessen losing of N by leaching, and increases nitrogen volatilization. Fertilizer coating to
have rate 15% of Neem seed extract can lessen N leaching equal to coating have rate 20 and
25% of Neem seed extract. Double-coted NPKfertilizer (NPKzeoneem)with 15% of neem seed
extract as inner coating and 15% of zeolite powder as outer coating can release of N, P, K
slower than formula with lower coating rate, and can absorb of water more hight compared to
conventional NPK. Application of NPKzeoneem equivalent by 80% from recommendation dose
on CV. Japansche Citroen at nursery had N use efficiency higher, nutrition (N, P, K) contents
and absorbtion in plant, P and K use efficiency, agronomic effectiveness, N total, available P
and exchange K in soil at two moths after fertilization were insignificant with application of NPK
conventional, NPKNeem, and also NPKzeoneem at dose 100%.