PEP8 the Style Guide for Python Code

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p f - b P P 8 b

( f m ) .

m v v f P m p

b m P b . P m p

f m P P b f

m p m f P .

m P P 2 5 7 ( v ) p f m

P , m f m B

.

v v v m v f

p v b b f .

M p j v . v f

f , p j - p f p f p j .

F

B B F M

f m m f

. p v m p v b f

m p m f P . P P

2 0 , b .

P P 8 F P

1

2

F m b

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p p m b , v f

m f P P .

b b ( m b f

) p p p

m m ( X P ) .

B q p f

b m f .

m m p b v f P

p p f m m b .

b . m p .

p j m m p . m

f m m p .

B m m p : b m m

j p p . b , b j m .

x m p b . !

p : b b m p b j m p P P !

m p :

-

4 p p v .

p p m v P

m p j p , b b ,

. f b

p p ; b m f f

b f .

:

3

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# p m .

f = _ f _ m ( v _ , v _ ,

v _ , v _ f )

# M f m .

f _ f _ m (

v _ , v _ , v _ ,

v _ f ) :

p ( v _ )

# v .

f = _ f _ m (

v _ , v _ ,

v _ , v _ f )

:

# m f f b v m .

f = _ f _ m ( v _ , v _ ,

v _ , v _ f )

# F q b .

f _ f _ m (

v _ , v _ , v _ ,

v _ f ) :

p ( v _ )

4 - p p f .

p :

# * m * b 4 p .

f = _ f _ m (

v _ , v _ ,

v _ , v _ f )

p f f - m q

b m p , m b f

( . . f ) , p p , p p p

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4 - p f b q f m

. p v f f

f - m , b 4

p . P P x p p ( ) f

v f m f -

m . p b p , b m :

# x .

f ( _ _ _

_ _ _ ) :

_ m ( )

# m m , p v m

# p p x .

f ( _ _ _

_ _ _ ) :

# b , f b .

_ m ( )

# m x .

f ( _ _ _

_ _ _ ) :

_ m ( )

b / b / p m - m

p f - p f f , :

m _ = [

1 , 2 , 3 ,

4 , 5 , 6 ,

]

= m _ f _ _ _ m (

' ' , ' b ' , ' ' ,

' ' , ' ' , ' f ' ,

)

m b p f f m -

, :

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m _ = [

1 , 2 , 3 ,

4 , 5 , 6 ,

]

= m _ f _ _ _ m (

' ' , ' b ' , ' ' ,

' ' , ' ' , ' f ' ,

)

b p ?

p p f m .

b b m

b .

P 3 m x f b p f .

P 2 m x f b p b v

p x v .

v P 2 m m p - p ,

b m x b p . -

b m . p m m !

M x m m

m m x m m f 7 9 .

F f b f x f (

m m ) , b m 7 2 .

m q m p b v v f

p - b - , v p

v j m .

f p p m p v f ,

m m f f . m v p p

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8 0 , v f p m p

f m p p . m b b m f f

m p p .

m m p f . F m x v

p m b m m ,

m f m 8 0 1 0 0 ( f f v

m x m m 9 9 ) , p v m m

p p 7 2 .

P b v v q m 7 9

( / m m 7 2 ) .

p f f p p b P m p

p , b b . b b

v m p b p p x p p . b

p f b f .

B m b p p p m . F x m p , , m p

-

m m p , b p b :

p ( ' / p / / m / f / / / / ' ) f _ 1 , \

p ( ' / p / / m / f / b / ' , ' ' ) f _ 2 :

f _ 2 . ( f _ 1 . ( ) )

( p v m f - m f f

f m

- m . )

m .

M p p p . p f p

b b p f p , b f . m

x m p :

( B b ) :

f _ _ _ _ ( f , , ,

= ' b ' , m p = , = 0 ) :

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f ( = = 0 = = 0

= = ' ' m p = = ' '

> 1 0 0 ) :

V ( " , " )

f = = 0 = = 0 ( = = ' '

m p ) :

V ( " ' - - v % , % " %

( , ) )

B b . _ _ _ _ ( f , , ,

, m p , )

B

p - v f f b .

M f b b .

x b m b ( p ) p p f f .

B m b m b b f - ( . . f

m m m p m ) .

b f , p , .

P p - ( . . ) f m f p ; M

p p , m m p

p f f f . , m b - b

v m - f m f p

p .

F

P b F - 8 (

P 2 ) .

F ( P 2 ) F - 8 ( P 3 ) v

.

b , - f b f

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p p m m m m

- ; , \ x , \ , \ , \ p

p f - .

F P 3 . 0 b , f p p b f

b ( P P 3 1 3 1 ) : f P b M

- f , v f b (

m , b b v m ) .

, m m m b .

x p ( ) - f , ( b ) m f

. m b p b M

p v f m .

p p j b p m

p .

m p

m p b p , . . :

:

m p

m p

:

m p ,

:

f m b p m p P p , P P

m p p p f f , j f m

m m , b f m b .

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m p b p f :

b m p

p m p

p p / b p f m p

p b b p f m p .

P v _ _ _ _

p f f m p .

b m p m m , m b

b b b v ( v b m ) f

m p m f (

p p . p

) :

m p m p . b

f m m p m p b

f m m p . b m p x m p

v , x p v m p p b v b

m p , p m p x p

b m p b v b :

f m . m p b

f m . b m p x m p

b v m p x p

b m p .

m p v m p v b v b m v

P 3 .

m p f m - m ,

p :

f m m m p M

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f m f . b . m p

f p m , p m :

m p m

m p f . b .

m . M

f . b . .

.

m p ( f m < m > m p *

) b v ,

m m p m p , f b

m m . f b f

m p , p b f p f

p b P ( f x m p , v p P m p m f

f f f m p m

x f b v v ) .

p b m , b p b

f p p .

Q

P , - q b - q m .

P P m m m f . P .

b q , v ,

v b . m p v b .

F p - q , b q b

v P P 2 5 7 .

P X P M

P P v

v x p f :

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m m p , b b . :

:

p m ( m [ 1 ] , { : 2 } )

:

p m ( m [ 1 ] , { : 2 } )

m m b f m m , m , :

:

f x = = 4 : p x , ; x , = , x

:

f x = = 4 : p x , ; x , = , x

v , b p , v

q m ( p

p ) . x , b m v m m f

p p p . x p : p m m , p

m .

:

m [ 1 : 9 ] , m [ 1 : 9 : 3 ] , m [ : 9 : 3 ] , m [ 1 : : 3 ] , m [ 1 : 9 : ]

m [ : p p ] , m [ : p p : ] , m [ : : p ]

m [ + f f : p p + f f ]

m [ : p p _ f ( x ) : p _ f ( x ) ] , m [ : : p _ f ( x ) ]

m [ + f f : p p + f f ]

:

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m [ + f f : p p + f f ]

m [ 1 : 9 ] , m [ 1 : 9 ] , m [ 1 : 9 : 3 ]

m [ : : p p ]

m [ : p p ]

m m b f p p m f

f :

:

p m ( 1 )

:

p m ( 1 )

m m b f p p x :

:

[ ' ' ] = [ x ]

:

[ ' ' ] = [ x ]

M p m ( ) p

.

:

x = 1

= 2

_ v b = 3

:

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x = 1

= 2

_ v b = 3

m m

v p . B v b , b

f : . . b f b p

m . m p v m

p j ( P f ) v p - m m j .

b p p :

m ( =

) , m m ( + = , - = . ) , m p ( = = ,, ! = , < > , < = , > = , ,

, ,

) , B ( , , ) .

f p f f p , p

p p ( ) . j m ;

v , v m p , v m m

f p b f b p .

:

= + 1

b m + = 1

x = x * 2 - 1

p 2 = x * x + *

= ( + b ) * ( - b )

:

= + 1

b m + = 1

x = x * 2 - 1

p 2 = x * x + *

= ( + b ) * ( - b )

p =

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m f p m v .

:

f m p x ( , m = 0 . 0 ) :

m ( = , = m )

:

f m p x ( , m = 0 . 0 ) :

m ( = , = m )

F m f

v p - > f p . ( F

b f m b f . )

:

f m ( p : ) : . . .

f m ( ) - > : . . .

:

f m ( p : ) : . . .

f m ( ) - > P : . . .

m b m f v , p

=

( b f m v b

f ) .

:

f m ( p : = ) : . . .

f m ( p : , p : = , m = 1 0 0 0 ) : . . .

:

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f m ( p : = ) : . . .

f m ( p : , m = 1 0 0 0 ) : . . .

m p m ( m p m m )

.

:

f f = = ' b ' :

_ b _ ( )

_ ( )

_ ( )

_ ( )

:

f f = = ' b ' : _ b _ ( )

_ ( ) ; _ ( ) ; _ ( )

m m p f / f / m b

m , v f m - m . v f

!

:

f f = = ' b ' : _ b _ ( )

f x : + = x

< 1 0 : = ( )

f :

f f = = ' b ' : _ b _ ( )

: _ _ b _ ( )

: m ( )

f : p ( )

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_ ( ) ; _ ( ) ; _ ( , m ,

, , )

f f = = ' b ' : ( ) ; ( ) ; ( )

M M

m m m m . m

p f p m m p - - !

m m b m p . f m m p ,

f b p , f b

( v f f ! ) .

f m m , p b m . B m m

f m p p b f m p ,

p .

p f - p .

, f .

P f m - p : p m m

, 1 2 0 % v b b p p

p .

B m m

B m m p p m ( ) f m ,

m v . f b m m

# p ( x m m ) .

P p b m m p b # .

m m

m m p .

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m m m m m m .

m m b p b p f m m .

# p .

m m f f b v .

:

x = x + 1 # m x

B m m , f :

x = x + 1 # m p f b

m

v f m ( . . . )

m m P P 2 5 7 .

f p b m , f , , m .

f - p b m , b v

m m b m . m m

p p f f .

P P 2 5 7 b v . m m p ,

" " " m b b f , . . :

" " " f b

p p f b b b f .

" " "

F , p p " " " m .

V B P

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f v v b v , V , f ,

f . :

_ _ v _ _ = " $ v $ "

# $ $

b f m , b f

, p b b b v b .

M V

m v f P b b f m , v

m p v , m m

m . m p ( p

f m ) b , b x b

f f , p f .

v P p

m v b p b p f P f

v f m p m .

p v : m

f f f m . p b b

m b , p f m f .

f m m m :

b ( )

B ( p p )

_ _ _

P P

P P _ _ _

p ( p , m , p )

4

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:

b b v p , p f b b v .

P v b p v .

m x ( f f f m p b ! )

p _ _ _ ( ! )

f q p f x p m

. m P , b m f m p .

F x m p , . ( )

f p m

v m _ m

, _

, _ m m

. (

m p p f f P X m ,

p p m m f m . )

X 1 1 b X f p b f . P ,

m b b m m

p f x b j , f m p f x m m .

, f p f m

( b m b v ) :

_ _ _ : . . .

f m M m p * m p b j m

.

_ _ _ : b v v f

P , . . :

. p v ( m , _ = ' m ' )

_ _ b _ _ : m b , v

m m ( F B , _ _ b

b m _ F B _ _ b

;

b ) .

_ _ b _ _ _ _ _ _ : m b j

b v - m p . . . _ _ _ _

,

_ _ m p _ _ _ _ f _ _ . v v m ; m

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m .

P p v : m v

m v

v ( ) , ( p p ) ,

( p p ) v b m .

m f , b f m m

. m p , .

P M m

M v , - m . b

m m f m p v b . P p v

, - m , f .

x m + + m p P

m p v v ( . . m b j ) f ,

/ + + m ( . . _

) .

m

m m p v .

m v f f m b

f m p m b .

p v f b m : m b m

( ) , p v

f x p m b .

x p m

B x p b , m v p p .

v , f f x x p m ( f

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x p ) .

b V b m

( p v b m f m . )

v b m f f .

M f v f m M m p * _ _ _ _

m m p v x p b , v f p f x

b ( m

b m - p b ) .

F m

F m b , p b

m p v b .

m x x p v

( . . . p ) , b m p b .

F m m

f

f f m m .

f f m m .

f f m m v ,

b p p b b v

p p . _

b

. ( P p b v

b m . )

M m V b

f m : p b

m p v b .

f - p b m v b .

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v m b , v

P m m .

P m m m : f F b

m _ _ , b b F . _ _

. (

b F . _ F _ _ . ) , b b

v m f b b

b .

: m v b f _ _ m ( b ) .

f m v p

p . x m p M X _ V F

.

f

m v b ( v :

b ) b p b - p b . f b , - p b ;

m p b m p b b - p b .

P b b x p f ,

m m m v b m p b . - p b

b b b p ; m

- p b b v b m v .

m p v , b p v

P ( m f ) .

f b p f b P

( f p ) . m b

f m , x m f p f b v .

, m x p b

b p b , p f b P ,

b b b .

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m , P :

P b b v .

f p b b m v , p p

b m . p f b

b b v p p . ( v , ,

p f p f v b m b

, p f m m . )

1 : m m m m b v f m .

F m p p b b , b x p j b m ,

m p / m m . p m P

p v p f m , f m p

b f b v . ,

p p f m p m b m p b

x .

1 : P p - .

2 : p f b v - f f f , -

f f f .

3 : v p p f m p x p v p ;

b m b v ( v )

p .

f b b , v b

b , m m b

. v P m

m m , m f m

b m . p v b m b

v b m m .

1 : m p m m m ,

f b b m m b m ,

m .

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2 : m m m , b

_ _ _ _ ( ) , v . v m m m

m p f m m .

3 : v m m . b v

m p b v .

P b f

b m p b p p p b f .

, m p b b b

p b f .

m f p b , m

x p m b p v f x m p f m

b m p b . m f

b m b .

b p p p , m x p m

p b P _ _ _ _

b . _ _ _ _

m p

m p b P .

v _ _ _ _

p p p , f ( p , m ,

, f , b m ) b p f x

.

f f m p ( p ,

m ) .

m p m b m p m .

m m m p m

x p m p f m P , . p

p _ _ _ _ m x p f f m b m .

P M M M M

b v

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m p m f P ( P P , J , P , , P ,

) .

F x m p , P f f m p m f - p

f m f m + = b

= + b

.

p m f v P ( f m p )

p m p m f .

p f m v p f b , ' ' . j ( ) f m b

. m

v m p m .

m p b

, v q p .

, b f f x

m f x

. . v b m f

m v . v m v p (

) b f b x !

p . . .

. b x p

f , f m m b p f .

:

f f :

:

f f :

m p m p m p , b

m p m x p ( _ _ q _ _

,_ _ _ _

,_ _ _ _

,_ _ _ _

,_ _ _ _

,

_ _ _ _ ) x p

m p .

m m f f v v , f . _ ( )

p v m m p m .

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P P 2 0 7 f x v m b P . ,

p m p > x

x <

, > = x

x < =

, m

p m f x = =

x ! =

. ( )

m ( )

p

p . v , b m p m x p

f x .

f m f m m b

m b x p f .

:

f f ( x ) : 2 * x

:

f = m b x : 2 * x

f f m m m f f b j

p f f f < m b > . m f f

b p . f m

m m b f m b x p f f v

x p f m ( . . b m b

x p )

v x p f m x p

B x p

.

f m B x p

v f x p

m m .

x p b

x p ,

x p . m q ?

p m m , p b m (

P P 3 1 5 1 f x m p f b f b

x p )

m v p p , f f x

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x p f x p . -

x p f - f f m f

p f f x .

x p p p p . P 3 , X f m

b x p p m

b .

b p x p ( X P 2

X f m P 3 . 3 + ) , v

f x p ( p v b m

v b , m b x f

x p x p m ) .

x p P 2 , V ( ' m ' )

f f m V , ' m '

.

f m P 3 x .

p - f m m x p m

f m ,

p .

x p , m p f x p v p b

f b x p :

.

F x m p , :

:

m p p f m _ p f _ m

x p m p :

p f m _ p f _ m =

b x p : m x b p

x p , m p p m - ,

p b m . f x p

p m , x p x p :

( b x p q v

x p B x p : ) .

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f m b m f b x p :

f x p b p

b ; b

.

f m p , b

x p p p p

. . . . f

b b .

b x p m , p f x p m

b x P 2 . 6 :

:

p _ ( )

x p x p x :

P F ( ( x ) )

x p p P 3 , v m b

p b m m m - b x .

p m , p f x p x p

P 3 . 3 v p f

v .

, f / x p , m b

m m m m f . , v m b .

:

:

v = [ ]

x p :

_ _ f ( )

:

_ v ( v )

:

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:

# b !

_ v ( [ ] )

x p :

# b _ v ( )

_ _ f ( )

p f ,

m p p m p b f .

/ f m p b .

x m b v p f

m v m q

. F x m p :

:

. b _ ( ) :

_ f f _ _ ( )

:

:

_ f f _ _ ( )

x m p p v f m

_ _ _ _

_ _ x _ _ m m

f . B x p m p .

B m . m f

x p , f m . f

m x p , m v

x p

, x p

m b p f f ( f b ) .

:

f f ( x ) :

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f x > = 0 :

m . q ( x )

:

f b ( x ) :

f x < 0 :

m . q ( x )

:

f f ( x ) :

f x > = 0 :

m . q ( x )

f b ( x ) :

f x < 0 :

m . q ( x )

m f m .

m m f m P

. v f b m p b P

2 . 0 q .

' ' . ( )

' ' . ( )

f

f p f x f f x .

( )

( ) p . F

x m p :

: f f . ( ' b ' ) :

: f f [ : 3 ] = = ' b ' :

b j p m p ( )

f

m p p . :

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: f ( b j , ) :

: f p ( b j ) p ( 1 ) :

f b j , p m m b

! P 2 , v m m b ,

b , :

f ( b j , b ) :

P 3 ,

b

x (

) b b j f ( q f

)

F q , ( , , p ) , f m p q

f . :

: f q :

f q :

: f ( q )

f ( q )

f p .

p v b m ( m

, . p ) m m .

m p b v F = =

. :

:

f :

:

f = = :

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:

f :

F

p f P P 4 8 4 , f f

.

b f m p b , f P 3

p f b P P 4 8 4 x . ( m f m

m m f p v . )

x p m m m

p v P P .

v , b , x p m f P P 4 8 4

. F x m p , m p p b

p p P P 4 8 4 p , v

, b v p

b .

P b b v v p

, b f f b f .

F m f f f f

m m p m m f f m :

# p :

p f f ; p .

( M f - f b m p f m p b

f P P 4 8 4 . )

, p p , p . P p

b f m p

b v b .

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p f m .

v , x p f p b p m

p v p . F p p P P 4 8 4

m m f b f : . p f b p

p f f p . p f . b f b b

b , p ( b p m )

p p .

F b b m p b , f

b f m f m m . B , P 3 :

f m b ( f , : , f : = 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 , * * f _ p :

" " " m b f f m f p . " " "

< >

q v f :

f m b ( f , , f = 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 , * * f _ p ) :

# p : ( , , * * ) - >

" " " m b f f m f p . " " "

< >

m p p p p x , p

p .

F

P P 7 , f , v m

B M m

p : / / b . . / f / . x

5

6

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p - p p

x p f . x f P , m

b p p f p

m - p f ,

b q b p .

p : / / . p . m / / m

p p p : / / b . m / p / p

m p p p : / / m p - . p : / / b . m / J / m p

p

m b p p b m .