Disampaikan dalam Diskusi Terbatas “Perumusan Rekomendasi Kebijakan Manajemen Pembangunan Aparatur Negara” Bappenas, 18 Desember 2012
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Pusat Kajian Manajemen Kebijakan LAN-RI
DisampaikanDisampaikan dalamdalam DiskusiDiskusi TerbatasTerbatas ““PerumusanPerumusan RekomendasiRekomendasi KebijakanKebijakanManajemenManajemen Pembangunan Pembangunan AparaturAparatur Negara”Negara”
The Peter Principle� "in a hierarchy, every employee tends to rise to his level of
incompetence“.
� Everyone, from the low-level civil servant to a nation's president , will inevitably rise to his/her level of incompetence: why schools bestow ignorance, why governments condone anarchy, why courts dispense injustice, why prosperity causes unhappiness, etc.
The Parkinson’s Law� "The demand upon a resource tends to expand to match the
supply of the resource".
Orwellian Bureaucracy� “State control of its citizens' daily life; State constantly monitors
the population to detect betrayal via improper thoughts”.
Pusat Kajian Manajemen Kebijakan LAN-RI
Kutukan Birokrasi?
The Hofstadter's Law
� "It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law."
� Waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam pelayanan publik? Level pendapatan per kapita?
The Sturgeon’s Law� “ninety percent of everything is crap“.
� Menpan & RB (1 Maret 2012): “95% dari total 4,7 juta PNS diIndonesia tidak memiliki kompetensi di bidangnya”.
The Murphy’s Law� "Anything that can go wrong will go wrong".
� Pemekaran daerah? Pengangkatan perangkat desa sbg PNS?
“The best medical care for the sick” (objective of British “The best medical care for the sick” (objective of British National Health Service) is not operational.National Health Service) is not operational.
ToTo do do severalseveral thingsthings at once at once withoutwithout establishingestablishing & & stickingstickingonon prioritiespriorities..
3.3. To believe that fat is beautiful.To believe that fat is beautiful.
Today’sToday’s administratorsadministrators, , whetherwhether civiliancivilian oror militarymilitary, , tendtend totobelievebelieve thatthat thethe bestbest wayway toto tacketacke a a problemproblem isis toto deploydeploymore and more more and more peoplepeople (and (and moneymoney) ) againstagainst itit..
Peter F. Drucker, Public Administration Review, Vol. 40, No. 2, 1980, p. 103-106, Blackwell Publishing
5.5. KetidakmampuanKetidakmampuan untukuntuk belajarbelajar daridari pengalamanpengalamanmasamasa lalulalu dan keengganan untuk memperhatikan dan keengganan untuk memperhatikan umpan balik.umpan balik.
6.6. KuatnyaKuatnya asumsiasumsi bahwabahwa program program ituitu sifatnyasifatnyaberkelanjutanberkelanjutan dandan kuatnyakuatnya keengganankeengganan untukuntukmenghentikanmenghentikan program yang program yang gagalgagal atauatau tidaktidak tepattepatsasaransasaran..
Pusat Kajian Manajemen Kebijakan LAN-RI
178 Biro-patologi Gerald E. Caiden
1991. “What Really Is Public Mall Administration”, in Public Administration Review, Vol. 51 (Nov/Dec), No. 6, pp. 486-493.
�� If a society is highly differentiated (function) and well integrated If a society is highly differentiated (function) and well integrated (structure),(structure), then it is diffractedthen it is diffracted..
�� If a society is differentiated and poorly integrated (malIf a society is differentiated and poorly integrated (mal--integrated), then it is prismatic.integrated), then it is prismatic.
�� If a society is not at all differentiated, there are no specialists, If a society is not at all differentiated, there are no specialists, and everyone can do everything, it is a fused system.and everyone can do everything, it is a fused system.
�� DalamDalam prismatic societyprismatic society, , terdapatterdapat ciriciri keduakedua bentukbentuk tersebuttersebut ��““All societies are generally prismatic in nature“.All societies are generally prismatic in nature“.
((R.K. Sapru, Administrative Theories And Management Thought, pp. 246)pp. 246)
IMPLIKASI THD BIROKRASI:IMPLIKASI THD BIROKRASI: bureaucratsbureaucrats eenjoynjoy enormous enormous influence, power & prestige, and make moneyinfluence, power & prestige, and make money. The people who . The people who are in power would make all efforts in furtherance of their are in power would make all efforts in furtherance of their interests and interests and stick to powerstick to power. The problem becomes much more . The problem becomes much more complicated where different communities strive to complicated where different communities strive to pull the pull the society in different directions society in different directions in promoting their own sectional in promoting their own sectional interests. Such disparities lead to interests. Such disparities lead to creation of administrative creation of administrative problemproblem. The . The rullingrulling elite would try to elite would try to protect the interests of protect the interests of “haves” and ignore the interests “have“haves” and ignore the interests “have--nots”nots”..
Ciri-ciri Prismatic Society
Pusat Kajian Manajemen Kebijakan LAN-RI
�� FORMALISMFORMALISM: : merujumerujuk k adanyaadanya diskrepansidiskrepansi antaraantaranormanorma dengandengan perilakuperilaku, , antaraantara formal power formal power dandaneffective powereffective power, , antaraantara ygyg diinginkandiinginkan pemerintahpemerintahdengandengan ygyg dilakukandilakukan masyarakatmasyarakat..
IMPLIKASI THD BIROKRASI:IMPLIKASI THD BIROKRASI: the constitution vests lawthe constitution vests law--making responsibilities in legislators, but in reality making responsibilities in legislators, but in reality they they spend only a little time in lawspend only a little time in law--making activitiesmaking activities. This . This facilitates the facilitates the bureaucracy to play a decisivebureaucracy to play a decisive role in role in lawlaw--making processmaking process..
Ciri-ciri Prismatic Society
Pusat Kajian Manajemen Kebijakan LAN-RI
�� OVERLAPPINGOVERLAPPING: : sejauhmanasejauhmana strukturstruktur yang yang terdiferensiasiterdiferensiasi padapadadiffracted society diffracted society berdampinganberdampingan dengandengan strukturstruktur ygyg tidaktidakterdiferensiasiterdiferensiasi padapada fused societyfused society. . PadaPada prismatic societyprismatic society, , strukturstruktur tradisionaltradisional dandan modern modern dapatdapat fungsifungsi--fungsifungsi ygyg samasama..
IMPLIKASI THD BIROKRASI:IMPLIKASI THD BIROKRASI: in prismatic society, in prismatic society, the legislature,the legislature,executive, and bureaucracy perform various administrative, executive, and bureaucracy perform various administrative, political, economic, and social functionpolitical, economic, and social function. In practice, their . In practice, their behavior is largely governed and contrbehavior is largely governed and controlled by certain traditional olled by certain traditional organization like family, religion, and casteorganization like family, religion, and caste..
OverlappingOverlapping in a prismatic society manifests in several in a prismatic society manifests in several dimensions such as dimensions such as nepotism, polynepotism, poly--communalism, the existence communalism, the existence of of clectsclects, poly, poly--normativismnormativism, and lack of consensus and , and lack of consensus and separation of authority from controlseparation of authority from control..
• Peningkatan pengabdian dankesetiaannya kepada cita-citaperjuangan bangsa dannegara.
• Aparatur Pemerintah menjadialat yang efisien, efektif, bersih dan berwibawa sertamampu melaksanakan tugas-tugas umum pemerintahandan menggerakkanpelaksanaan pembangunan..
• Meningkatkan kemampuannyadalam melaksanakan tugas-tugas umum pemerintahandan pembangunan.
• Peningkatan pengabdian dan kesetiaansegenap aparatur kepada cita-citaperjuangan Bangsa.
• Memberikan pelayanan kepadamasyarakat dengan sebaik-baiknya, bermental baik dan mempunyaikemampuan profesional yang tinggi.
• Hubungan yang serasi antara PemerintahPusat dan Pemerintah Daerah.
• Peningkatan kemampuan Daerah Tingkat II dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan. Camat ditingkatkan kemampuannya untukmengkoordinasikan dan mengawasipelaksanaan pembangunan.
• Memperlancar perumusan kebijaksanaan, serta untuk mencegah pemborosan danpenyimpangan.
• Tata penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang lebih bersih.
Terwujudnya peningkatanpenyelenggaraan tata kelolapemerintahan yang baik yang didukung oleh aparatur negarayang bersih, berwibawa, bertanggung jawab sertaprofesional, yang ditandai oleh :
• Terwujudnya pemerintahanyang bersih dan bebas KKN:
• Terwujudnya peningkatankualitas pelayanan publikkepada masyarakat
• Peningkatanpenyelenggaraanpemerintahan yang bersih dan bebasKKN,
• Peningkatankualitas pelayananpublik,
• Peningkatankapasitas danakuntabilitaskinerja birokrasi, dan
• Pemantapanpelaksanaanreformasi birokrasi.
(Hal. 33-38)
Pusat Kajian Manajemen Kebijakan LAN-RI
3
Pusat Kajian Manajemen Kebijakan LAN-RI
Agenda Pembangunan Aparatur Kedepan
�� Pembangunan Pembangunan budayabudaya aparaturaparatur;;
�� PemerataanPemerataan sumbersumber dayadaya aparaturaparatur untukuntukmemperkecilmemperkecil gap gap kompetensikompetensi dandan gap gap kinerjakinerja;;