Pelvic walls, vessels, and nerves Dr. Firas Mohammed Ghazi
Pelvic walls, vessels, and nerves
Dr. Firas Mohammed Ghazi
The pelvis
Cavity for Pelvic viscera
Continuous with abdominal cavity
Inlet, outlet, walls, and floor
The pelvic bonesHip
Sacrum
Coccyx
AP
True Vs Falls pelvis
• Pelvis is divided into true and falls by _______ which
is formed by______________
Cavity of the true pelvis
Between Inlet & Outlet
Bounded by
1. Ant., post., & lat. walls
2. Floor
Pelvic inlet
• Transversely oval
• Bounded by Vessels
• Many structures pass
through it
Posterior wall1. Anterior sacral foramina
2. Piriformis
3. Sacral plexus (sciatic N.)
Lateral wall 1. Sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments
2. Greater and lesser sciatic foramina
3. Obturator foramen, membrane and canal
4. Obturator internus
The Pelvic outlet
(Diamond shaped)
Formed by
1. ____________ anteriorly
2. ____________ posteriorly
Pelvic Floor
(Pelvic diaphragm)
Formed by 2 Muscles
Gutter-shaped
Separates pelvic cavity from ____
Openings: urethra ±vagina, rectum
Perineal body??
Pelvic viscera
Male Female
Female pelvis is adapted to childbirth
1. Roomier
2. Inlet: Oval in women/ heart-shaped in men
3. Cavity: wider and shorter in women
4. Outlet: larger in women
5. Sub-pubic angle: Wider in women
Linings of the pelvis
Pelvic fascia and peritoneum
Parietal and visceral
Reflections on viscera?
Pelvic nerves &vessels lie outside
Peritoneal reflections and spaces
Rectovesical pouch Recto uterine pouch
Female pelvis and labor
Curved axis
Fetal head rotates 2 times while descending
Explain rotation of the fetal head !!!
Major vessels of the pelvis
Internal iliac artery and vein (± ovarian rtery)
Run on the walls of the pelvis
Pelvic fractures can lead to sever internal bleeding
Obturator nerve and pelvic appendix
• Run on the lateral pelvic wall covered by pelvic
fascia and peritoneum