Peeking Under the Hood: Peeking Under the Hood: The Energy The Energy Characteristics of Characteristics of California’s Commercial California’s Commercial Building Sector Building Sector Martha Brook, P.E. Martha Brook, P.E. California Energy Commission California Energy Commission
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Peeking Under the Hood: The Energy Characteristics of California’s Commercial Building Sector Martha Brook, P.E. California Energy Commission.
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Peeking Under the Hood: Peeking Under the Hood: The Energy Characteristics of The Energy Characteristics of
California’s Commercial Building California’s Commercial Building SectorSector
Martha Brook, P.E.Martha Brook, P.E.
California Energy CommissionCalifornia Energy Commission
Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview
• Source & Description of Data
• Commercial Sector Energy & Peak
• Building Types
• End Uses
• HVAC Details
• Lighting Details
Commercial End Use Survey Commercial End Use Survey (CEUS)(CEUS)
• Field Survey of 2790 CA Commercial Buildings– PG&E: 1001 premises– SMUD: 300 premises– SCE: 1144 premises– SDG&E: 345 premises
• 12 Building Types/Segments
• 13 End Uses (3 HVAC, 10 NonHVAC)
• 16 Title 24 Standards Climate Zones
CEUS Coverage by UtilityCEUS Coverage by Utility
Geography covered by CEUS
CEUS Coverage by Climate ZoneCEUS Coverage by Climate Zone
CEUS Building TypesCEUS Building Types• Small Office (<30,000 ft2)• Large Office (>=30,000 ft2)• Restaurant• Retail• Food/Liquor• Unrefrigerated Warehouse• Refrigerated Warehouse• School• College• Health Care• Hotel/Motel• Miscellaneous
CEUS End UsesCEUS End Uses
• 3 HVAC End Uses Space Heating Space Cooling Ventilation
• 10 Non-HVAC End Uses Water Heating Cooking Refrigeration Interior Lighting Exterior Lighting
Office EquipmentOffice Equipment Miscellaneous EquipmentMiscellaneous Equipment Air CompressorsAir Compressors Motors (non-HVAC)Motors (non-HVAC) Process EquipmentProcess Equipment
Commercial Sector Commercial Sector SiteSite Energy Use Energy Use
-
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Electricity
Gas
Ktherms by Month
Commercial Sector Commercial Sector SourceSource Energy Use Energy UseKtherms by Month
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Electricity
Gas
Commercial Sector Electricity UseCommercial Sector Electricity Use
Site Energy Use by Building TypeSite Energy Use by Building Type
14%10%9%
6%
6%
19%2%3%
7%
4%5%
15%
Miscellaneous Large Office
Restaurant Retail
Health Food Store
Lodging Small Office
School College
Unrefrigerated Warehouse Refrigerated Warehouse
Total = 3,567 Mtherms
Energy Intensity by Building TypeEnergy Intensity by Building Typetherms/ft2
- 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
Restaurant
Food Store
Health
Lodging
Large Office
College
Refrigerated Warehouse
Miscellaneous
Small Office
Retail
School
Unrefrigerated Warehouse
Site Energy Use by End UseSite Energy Use by End UseTotal = 3,567 Mtherms
18%
13%
12%11%
10%
9%
8%
5%4% 4% 1%2%3%
Interior Lighting Heating Water Heating
Cooking Cooling Refrigeration
Ventilation Office Equipment Miscellaneous
Exterior Lighting Motors Process
Air Compressors
18%
14%
10%9%
8%
7%
6%
6%
3%
2%
Everything Else StorageAuto Repair OfficeUnlisted General Low Bay Com/IndClassroom/Lecture Religous W orshipRetail Sales Exercise CenterStorage (Conditioned) CorridorResidential LobbyConference Room Convention/Meeting CenterGeneral High Bay Com/Ind