csv-exportAppearance of someone with mycobacterial
lymphadenitis?Coughs that are worse at night?AsthmaSinusitisDry
coughs?Environmental irritantFungal infectionAsthmaBarking
cough?CroupSubglottic diseaseForeign bodyParoxysmal
coughs?PertussisChlamydiaMycoplasmaForeign bodyBrassy/honking
cough?Habitual coughTracheitisChange in voice implies
what?Laryngeal irritation (can be from rhinitis, GERD,
etc)Radiology findings in TB?Primary complex (large hilar
adenopathy with initial lung focus)Focal
hyperinflationAtelectasisSmall local pleural effusionsWho uses
inhaled steroids?All pts with persistent asthma
Need to monitor BP, glucose, growth delay, cataractsWho gets
methacholine, histamine, or exercise challenge?When asthma is
suspected but spirometry is normalAbx to treat
sinusitis?CefuroximeAmoxicillinclavulanateTiming of sinus
development?Ethmoid and maxillary at birthFrontal start around 68
yrComplications of sinusitis?Orbital sinusitisCavernous sinus
thrombosisMeningitisEpidural abscessCause of
rhonchi?Mucus/secretions in airways
Continuous, low pitched, polyphonicCause of cobblestoning of
posterior pharynx?Lymphoid hyperplasia from chronic post nasal drip
and with chronic nasal allergiesStages of asthma exacerbation?Early
asthmatic reaction: 1 hr, PGs/LTs, permeability, hypersecretion,
bronchoconstriction
Late: 23 hrs later, epithelial destruction, fibrotic remodeling,
hyperplasia of bronchial smooth muscle
Airway hyperresponsiveness can persist for days to
weeksCerebellar hemispheric vs deep cerebellar nuclei
lesions?Hemispheric: limb abnormalities, nystagmus, tremor,
dysmetria (spares speech)
Deep nuclei: resting tremor, myoclonus, opsoclonus
(neuroblastoma)Most common childhood brain tumors?Medulloblastoma
(20%)
Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (20%)Classic vs common
migraine?Classic has aura
Common: no aura, more commonTriad of ICP
signs?HTNBradycardiaIrregular respirationComplication of
pseudutumor cerebri?Blindness from elevated pressure around optic
nerve sheathCauses of pseudotumor cerebri?ObesityMeds (Vit A,
tetracycline, OCPs, steroids)Metabolic disorders (galactosemia,
hypoPTH)Infection (sinusitis, OM)Location of germ cell tumors in
brain?Pineal gland or suprasellar regionPresentation of
supratentorial vs infratentorial tumor?Infratentorial: cerebellar
signs, signs of raised ICP
Supratentorial: focal motor and sensory abnl on opposite side of
lesionMale predominance of what types of brain
tumors?MedulloblastomaEpendymomaTwo peaks of incidence of brain
tumors?First decade8th decadeAges where supra or infratentorial
tumors are more common?Supra < 2yoInfa in kidsSupra in
adolescents/adultsWho does postinfectious cerebellitis appear in?13
yoSeveral wks after viral infection (varicella, coxsackie)CSF w/
pleocytosis, high protInfectious cerebellitis can be caused by
what?MumpsEnterovirusEBVBacterial meningitis pathogensExamples of
toxins that can cause sudden ataxia?AlcoholAnticonvulsants
Often get dysmetria and nystagmus alsoAge of
neuroblastoma/opsoclonusmyoclonus?6mo to 3yoInitial workup for
CHF?CXREKG(save echo for later)Murmurs associated with CHF?Aortic
stenosisCoarctationPDAVSDWhen is a VSD first heard?Days to weeks of
age occurs as pulmonary resistance decreasesEKG changes with
VSD?Large: RVH and upright T wave in V1Moderate: LVHSmall: nlWhen
are ASD and Coarctation detected?Preschool ageMost common murmur in
kids?Innocent murmur37 yoWhat does Still's murmur sound
like?Musical/vibratoryBest heard LLSB, supine37 yoDigoxin and Lasix
treat what?Symptoms of CHF
Digoxin: not good for VSDMost common hip disorder in
adolescents?SCFE
posterior displacement of capital femoral epiphysis from femoral
neck through cartilage growth plateComplications of
LeggCalvePerthes disease?Femoral head deformityDegenerative
arthritis
often in boys 410 yoHow long after and after what types of
infections does reactive arthritis occur?24 wks after GI or GU
infectionWhat action is impaired with a SCFE?Internal rotationHow
is pain from transient synovitis and septic arthritis relieved?By
opening the hip capsule (hold hip in flexion and external
rotation)Key way to distinguish transient synovitis vs septic
arthritis?Elevated ESR, CRP in septic arthritis (can wait for lab
values before doing joint tap if low suspicion)What worsens pain
with osteomyelitis?Weight bearing
Pain is NOT position dependent (like in septic arthritis or
transient synovitis)Time of ESR vs CRP elevation?ESR: remains
elevated for weeks after improvement
CRP: elevated 46 hrs after initial insult, peaks at 3650 hrs,
and returns to normal after 37 days3 reasons kids are at higher
risk of dehydration?1. Higher SA to body mass ratio2. Higher basal
metabolic rate3. Higher percentage of body weight that's
waterDiagnosis of DKA?1. Random BS > 2002. pH < 7.3 or HCO3
< 153. Modlg ketonuria or ketonemiaDx of diabetes?1. Sx and
random glucose > 2002. Fasting > 1263. 2hr GTT > 2004.
HbA1c > 6.5Most common cause of diabetesassociated death in
children?Cerebral edemaReplacement complications of hyponatremia
and hypernatremia?Hyponatremia: replacement can cause central
pontine myelinolysis
Hypernatremia: replacement can cause cerebral edemaCause of
iso/hypo/hyper tonic/natremic dehydration?Iso: AGE, diarrheaHypo:
adrenal insufficiencyHyper: breastfeeding failure, DI,
inappropriate rehydration solutionsRisk factors for cerebral
edema?High BUNAcidosis with hypocapniaAttenuated rise in Na+ with
treatmentAdmin of bicarbOther Abs to check in DM
workup?Antipancreatic (Anti insulin, GAD, IA2)Autoimmune
thyroiditis and celiac
DON'T check TFTs (can be elevated due to nonthyroidal
illness)Sodium concentration in oral rehydration solution?4550
mEq/LWhere's the blood in malrotation (+/ volvulus)?Blood in stool
but not in vomitCurrent jelly stools?Intussusception
also bilious emesis, crampy abd pain, and sausage mass on
examElectrolyte changes in vomiting from pyloric
stenosis?Hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosisTime of
presentation of pyloric stenosis?312 weeksOrder of exam in child?1.
General obs2. Eyes3. CV/Lungs/Abd4. Ears/oral cavityMost important
characteristics of ear exam?Mobility and Position
Also color, translucency, and otherAppearance of TM in
AOM?Bulging, yellow, poorly mobileBacterial causes of AOM?1/2. S.
pneumo/Nontypeable H. inf3. M. catarrhalis4. S. pyogenesWho do we
treat AOM with amoxicillinclavulanate with (as opposed to just
amoxicillin)?Kid with fever > 39C or moderate to severe
otalgiaAlternative treatments for
AOM?AzithromycinErythromycinClindamycinUse of conventional vs
visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA)?VRA: good 6 mo to 2.5 yo, not
ear specific
Conventional: > 4yo, frequencyspecificWhich hearing test is
used in newborn assessments?Otoacoustic emissions (OAE)
measure cochlear fxn in response to presentation of
stimulusFindings associated with otitis external?Bullous
myringitisRadial vascular dilation (bicyclespoke
distribution)Marked erythema with cobblestone" appearance of TM"Who
to use abx vs no abx for AOM?Abx: < 6mo, 6mo to 2 yr: if certain
dx or severe disease, >2 yo with severe illness
No abx: 6mo to 2yr with uncertain dx, > 2yo without severe
illnessWho should get a hearing test?Effusion > 3moIf nl, follow
q36moIf not, consider bilateral myringotomy with tube placementTest
for 06yo that reports percent of children who successfully perform
each task?Denver IIComplications of untreated chronic OME?Permanent
sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL)TympanosclerosisAdhesive otitis
mediaCholesteatomaTM perforationMastoiditis, Labyrinthitis,
MeningitisEpidural/brain abscessCause of RUQ pain in
PID?FitzHughCurtisWhat should you ask the child to do during a
rectal exam?Bear down as you enter the rectum to relax the external
sphincterPresentation of hernia? 5 nights/week
Age: > 2 wks, peaks at 6 wks, lessens by 34 moTime of SIDS vs
ALTE (apparent life threatening event)?SIDS: most are midnight to
6am
ALTE: most are 8am8pmOther names for Mongolian spots?Congenital
dermal melanocytoses
Slate gray patchesFracture that can be confused for
abuse?Toddler's fracture: fracture of tibia in walking
childrenPosterior rib fractures can result from what?Squeezing
baby's thorax (shaken baby syndrome)What's the fattest baby"
age?"4mo: 25% of weight is fatWhen is the physiologic nadir for
Hgb?Around 79 weeksHgb 11Then starts to rise afterWhat can cause
false positive sweat test results?Adrenal
insufficiencyHypothyroidismScreening vs confirmatory test for
CF?Screening (newborn): detects immunoreactive trypsinogen in
blood
Confirmatory = genotyping for specific mutationsWhat percent of
CF pts present with pancreatic insufficiency?8590%aka 1015% don't
have it (they have normal weight gain, normal stools)Pain scales by
age?FLACC (face, legs, activity, cry, consolability) for nonverbal
kids
FACES: for 38 yo
010 scale: > 8 yoMost common cause of abd pain in
kids?Functional abdominal painFirst signs of chronic GI
illness?Slowing of weight gain (or especially weight loss)
Change in height velocity suggests more long standing
illnessWhat percent of pts with HSP have guiac positive stool?50%
are guiac positive2 problems with barium enema?1. Contrast delays
potential colonoscopy
2. Increased risk of toxic megacolon with UCAre crypt abscesses
are more common with UC or CD?UC2 studies to distinguish UC vs
CD?Upper GI studyColonoscopy2 characteristics of Crohn's on barium
enema?1. Cobblestoning2. Separation from nearby loops (bowel wall
thickening)Does UC or CD have a stronger inheritable
component?CDTreatments for IBD?1st line: aminosalicylates
(mesalamine)> Corticosteroids, abx (cipro, metro),
immunomodulators (6MP, MTX), antiTNFWhen do you stop using
prematurity corrected charts?age 2
premature infants should catch up by thenMost variable component
of development?LanguageWhen does the AAP recommend developmental
screening?9, 18, and 30 monthsWhat causes pigeontoeing?Internal
tibial torsion common in childhood, resolves with growthHow long
does it take the pedal arch to develop?8 yrs can have flat feet
until thenWhen does child gait look like an adult?3 yo heel strike
presentWhen do you screen for autism?18 and 24 months3 realms of
changes in autism?1. Social interaction2. Communication3.
Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patternsWhich types of
diseases will cause regression of milestones?Neurodegenerative
diseasePsychosocialDescription of cerebral palsy?Heterogeneous
group of nonprogressive disorders motor and postural
dysfunctionRisk factors for cerebral palsy?Perinatal asphyxia
(10%)Intrauterine infection (28%)Prematurity (78%)IUGR
(34%)Sequence of events in retinopathy of prematurity?Extraretinal
fibrovascular proliferationDetachmentBlindness/visual
impairment
risk: BW < 1500gComplication associated with
IVH?Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) damage from hypoxia,
ischemia, inflammationComplications of kernicterus?Abnl motor
development (choreoathetoid cerebral palsy)Sensorineural hearing
loss2 surgeries common in sickle cell
patients?TonsillectomyCholecystectomyCause of gallstones in sickle
cell?Hemolytic anemia > bilirubin gallstones > cholelithiasis
> cholecystitisWhich sickle cell pts get abx prophylaxis?Age 2
mo to 56 yrs oral penicillin BIDPCV23 is given to who and when?Pts
with sickle cell get PCV23
2yo and then repeat 35 yr later same schedule for meningococcal2
things that can worsen anemia with sickle cell pts?1.
Myelosuppression by viruses (parvovirus)2. Hypersplenism (spleen
enlarges and traps RBCs)Who gets transcranial doppler (TCD) and
why?Sickle cell pts between 215 yo determine risk of stroke (10%
risk by 15 yo)Causes of impaired height and weight in sickle
cell?Chronic anemiaPoor nutritionPainful crisesEndocrine
dysfunctionPoor pulmonary functionWhat happens to the spleen of
sickle cell pts?Becomes progressively fibrotic and no longer
palpable by age 46
Hgb SC or Sbetathal can have splenic enlargement into
adolescenceBaseline Hgb in sickle cell?69Treatment of painful
crises in sickle cell?IVF and IV narcoticsPeak time of lymphoid
tissue growth?Age 46 yo tonsils can be mildly enlarged during this
timeMost common infection with steroid use for nephrotic
syndrome?Spontaneous peritonitis often S. pneumo or GNRsManagement
of nephrotic syndrome?1. Albumin infusion2. IV furosemide3.
Corticosteroids (taper over wks)4. Sodium restriction (15002000
mg/d)What are pts with nephrotic syndrome predisposed to?Venous
thrombosis urinary loss of anticoagulants, lipids destabilize
platelets, inc fibrinogen, inc blood viscosity (high Hct)4
categories of MCD?Steroid
responsiveRelapsingSteroiddependentResistant (> bx)PID and TOA
are best detected with which type of imaging?UltrasoundChronic abd
pain is best assessed with which type of imaging?Barium studyWho
needs to be seen immediately for a fever?Kids younger than 68
wksWhat is the worst measure of circulatory status?Cold
extremities(pt can be cold with adequate circulation)What do the D
and E stand for in the ABCDEs of assessment?D: disability (quick
neuro assessment ICP, toxidromes, etc) and dextrose (check for
hypoglycemia)
E: exposure/environment (expose all parts of pt, keep pt
warm)What's a practical problem with vasoconstriction in
shock?Vasoconstriction can make it difficult to get a good pulse ox
measurementNext line of management if you can't get a peripheral IV
in for a pt in shock?Intraosseus line if peripheral IV can't be
placed in 90 seconds central line also acceptable in older kid or
adultProphylaxis for meningococcus?Rifampin, cipro, or
ceftriaxoneComplications of meningococcal meningitis?1119% get
complications: hearing loss neuro disability digit/limb amputations
skin scarProblem with penicillin treatment of meningococcus?Doesn't
eliminate carrier state. Need rifampin (kids, young adults) or
cipro (adults) or 57 d ceftriaxone to eliminate carrier
stateContraindications to IO line?Osteogenesis
imperfectaFractureRecently used siteInfectionComplications of IO
line?FractureFluid into subQ (> compartment
syndrome)OsteomyelitisMicroscopic fat, BM emboliActions of
TCAs?Inhibit reuptake of NEAntagonize ACh (> hypotension), Na+
channels (> dysrhythmias), and GABA (>
seizure)Sympathomimetic
toxidrome?MydriasisFeverDiaphoresisTachycardiaAgitationSZOpioid
toxidrome?MiosisResp
depressionHypotensionBradycardiaHypothermiaAMSSedativehypnotic
toxidrome?Miosis OR
mydriasisHypotensionBradycardiaHypothermiaSedationAnticholinergic
toxidrome?MydriasisDry skinFlushingTachycardiaIleusUrinary
retentionFeverDelirium, SZCholinergic
toxidrome?Miosisn/v/dTearsSweatingUrinatingBronchorrheaBronchospasmMuscle
twitchBradycardiaSZ, comaWhat is given with activated charcoal in
poisoning cases?Cathartics charcoal helps absorb the toxins and
cathartics accelerate defecationSeries of events in
anorexia?AmenorrheaBradycardiaPostural hypotensionElectrolyte
abnormalitiesContinued deficiency of Ca, MgNeuro changes, increased
reflex tone, compromised cardiac functionBest tests for dx of von
Willebrand's disease?Platelet function testsFactor VIII activityvWf
antigen and activity (Ristocetin)aPTT (but can be normal, other
tests are better)Genetics of vWD?Autosomal dominant with variable
penetrance: Type 1 and 2
Autosomal recessive: Type 3Meds to treat vWD?Intranasal or IV
desmopressinvWFOCPs/levonorgestrel IUD (for menorrhagia)Most common
hereditary bleeding disorder?von Willebrand's disease 1% of
populationWhen does fever after a vaccine usually present?Usually
2472 hours after
MMR and Varicella: can be 710d after3 clinical tests/findings in
meningitis?1. Kernig's: resist knee extension2. Brudzinski's: flex
hip/knee in response to neck flexion3. Opisthotonos: hyperextension
of neck and spine
often NOT positive in infants > ability of chest wall muscles
to expandSounds with narrowing of airways above vs below thoracic
inlet?Above: stridor
Below: wheezingSounds from secretions causing airway
narrowing?RhonchiCause of fine vs coarse crackles?Coarse: purulent
secretions in alveoli
Fine: pulmonary edema, interstitial diseaseWhat should you get
before getting a bronchoscopy?Obtain imaging (xray or fluoroscopy)
firstDynamic eval over several breaths to see foreign body?Chest
fluoroscopyTwo manifestations of foreign body and findings on
imaging?Partial obstruction: get air trapping/hyperinflation
Complete obstruction: get atelectasis, signs of volume loss of
xray (mediastinal shift)Most consistent finding with Down
syndrome?#1 finding = Hypotonia small ears are also commonFindings
on US with Down syndrome?Nuchal skin thicknessNasal bone
ossificationGrowth parametersStandard karyotype test?Lymphocyte
karyotype easier than skin fibroblastsPurpose of annual CBC in pts
with Down syndrome?Infancy: leukemoid rxn, transient
myeloproliferative disorders (TMD)
> 1 yo: iron deficiency anemiaWhich vaccines are first given
at adolescence?TdapMeningococcalMethods of calculating BMI?Total
body waterTotal body potassiumBioelectrical impedanceDualenergy
xray absorptiometryCharacterization of chest pain in precordial
catch syndrome?Sudden, sporadic onset, sharpLocation:
LSBExacerbated by deep inspirationLasts sec to minResolves
spontaneouslyTanner stage with increased penis length AND
circumference?Stage 4Tanner stage with small amount of pubic hair
but still childlike phallus?Stage 2Tanner stage with moderate curly
pubic hair and phallus of increased length?Stage 3Differentiation
of costochondritis pain with precordial catch
syndrome?Costochondritis: lasts hrs to days (compared to seconds to
minutes)Symptoms of hypoglycemic
syncope?DiaphoresisAnxietyTremulousnessHungerErythema multiforme
progression?Dusky red macules > wheals > target lesions >
fixed for 13 wks
Most common with HSV, medsCommon time of onset and treatment of
candidal rash?Diaper dermatitis, 710 mo (can also have satellite
lesions)
Tx: nystatin or imidazole antifungalsSelenium sulfide is used to
treat what?Tinea versicolorTreatment of tinea capitis?PO
griseofulvin, 68 wksZinc oxide is used to treat what? What can help
distinguish it from other rashes?Irritant dermatitis
spares intertriginous creasesStrength of steroids?Clobetasol
> Betamethasone > triamcinolone > hydrocortisoneLocation
of staph folliculitis vs nodular/cystic acne?Folliculitis often
below waste/groinPseudofolliculitis appearance?Papules NOT pustules
distinguish from acne by presence of inflammationRadiographic
appearance of intussusception?Mass with central ring of
hypoattenuation (mesenteric fat in intussusceptum)Most common
manifestations of HSP?75% arthritis65% colicky abd pain25% renal
involvement510% intussusceptionWhat is small for gestational age
(SGA) most often due to?Constitutional factors maternal ethnicity,
parity, weight, height3 risks for babies with
SGA?HypoglycemiaHypothermiaPolycythemiaPresentation of polycythemia
in infants?Ruddy"/red color to skinRespiratory distressPoor
feedingHypoglycemiaSluggish blood flow"Symmetric vs asymmetric
IUGR?Symmetric: both head and abd circumference decreased
proportionately
Asymmetric: greater decrease in abd than head (head sparing
phenomenon")"5 basics of newborn resuscitation?DryWarm (large
SA/V)PositionSuctionStimulate (vigorous cry)What percent of newborn
and 12mo olds have palpable spleens?30% of newborns10% of 12 mo
Often palpable 12cm below L costal marginMost common
presentation of congenital CMV?> 90% have no clinical evidence
of disease as newborns
But 40% are SGA, 30% preterm, 25% of males have inguinal
hernias5 types of treatments for
eczema?LubricationAntiinflammatoriesTopical
hydrocortisoneAntihistamines (sedating and non)Calcineurin
inhibitors2 things to prevent dental caries?Stop bottle feeding by
1215 mo
Fluoride (promotes remineralization of Ca into enamel)2
metabolic causes of hyperbili?Galactosemia
HypothyroidismSevere manifestations of kernicterus?Lose suck
reflexLethargyIrritabilitySeizuresDeathSigns of kernicterus in
those who survive?Opisthotonus, rigidity, oculomotor paralysis,
tremor, hearing loss, ataxiaWhen and how does biliary atresia
usually present?> 2 wksDirect hyperbili (progressive)Acholic
stoolsHow does jaundice progress?Cephalocaudal direction 45 at
face, 1015 below knees dermal zones often underestimate true level
thoughOptimal time for newborn exam?>/= 24 hrs after birth
earlier: might miss PKU and other metabolic disorders that require
accumulationTime of breast feeding vs breast milk jaundice?Breast
feeding: early 1st week
Breast milk: first 47d, peaks 1014d, can last up to 12 wksIs PE
common in neonates?NO. Often only occurs with underlying clotting
disorder or placement of central venous catheterIs prematurity a
risk factor for TTN?NO
TTN: more common in term babies risks: mother with DM, C/S
deliveryAre APGAR scores predictive of neurologic outcome?NO
Documented asphyxia is correlated with neuro outcome. Check cord
arterial blood gas for acidosis.Small, appropriate, and large for
gestational age percentiles?SGA: < 10th %AGA: 1090th %LGA: >
90th %Complications of LGA?Fractured clavicleBrachial plexus
injuryFacial nerve palsyComplications of C/S, forceps, and
vacuumHypoglycemiaWhat is Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN)
due to and what is it also known as?Delayed absorption of pulmonary
fluid aka persistent postnatal pulmonary edema.Causes of persistent
pulmonary HTN of the newborn (PPHN)?Meconium aspiration
syndromeDiaphragmatic herniaHypoplastic lungsIn utero asphyxiaWhich
cardiac anomaly is associated with maternal diabetes?Transposition
of the great arteries (TGA)Best indicator of fetal malformations in
moms with diabetes?Major malformations are directly related to the
FirstTrimester HbA1C level HbA1C levels >12: 12x
riskRelationship of respiratory rate and feedings?Babies with RR
> 80 often can't tolerate oral or NG feeds and need IV
nutritionHypoglycemic glucose values that require intervention?<
35 if asymptomatic
< 45 if symptomaticWhat can happen after giving a
hyperinsulinemic infant glucose water?Rebound hypoglycemia 12 hrs
afterWhen are electrolyte values indicative of the infant's
status?After 1224 hours
sooner: indicative of mother's status and any medications
administeredWhat are the risk factors for DDH? Breech position:
3050% of DDH cases occur in infants born in the breech position.
Gender: 9:1 female predominance. Family history.What is an MSK
concern for pts with Down syndrome?Myelopathic signs/sx for
atlantoaxial instability importance of cervical spine positioning
during proceduresDistinguish neonatal seizures from
jitteriness?Jitteriness: stimulussensitive movements, generalized
symmetricRisks of home deliveries?Neonatal
tetanusOmphalitisHemorrhagic disease of the newborn (with no
Vitamin K)Definition of polycythemia in term newborn?> 65%When
does OTC deficiency present?12 days sx due to protein in breast
milk or formula > poor feeding, lethargy, and vomitingCauses of
large anterior fontanelle?Skeletal disorders (rickets, osteogenesis
imperfecta)Chromosomal abnl (Down)HypothyroidMalnutritionICPCauses
of premature closure of anterior
fontanelle?MicrocephalyCraniosynostosisHyperthyroidismNl
variantLater symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism?Large
tongueHoarse cryPuffy myxedematous faciesMost common time and
presentation of botulism?34 mopoor suck and weak cryRisk of
adulthood obesity with childhood obesity?20% of obese 4 yo80% of
obese adolescentsPsychiatric condition with the highest comorbidity
with ADHD?ODD/CDWhen to start vision and hearing screening?Vision:
start 3 yr
Hearing: newborns, then resume at 4 moSequelae of obesity?Sleep
apnea (7% of overweight)DyslipidemiaHTN (33% of obese)Nonalcoholic
fatty liverWhen to suspect secondary causes of HTN?In young
kids
> 6 yo: most is primaryWho and how to screen for type 2
DM?> 10 yo or puberty onsetq2 yr with fasting serum glucose
overweight, FH, race/ethnicity, insulin resistance (AN, PCOS,
HTN, dyslipid)Car seat rules?< 2 yo: rear facing car seat24 yo:
forward facing car seat48 yo: belt booster seatCauses of absent red
reflex?CataractsGlaucomaRetinoblastomaChorioretinitisTimes of
administration of Hep B?0, 1, 6 mo
3 timesTimes of administration of Rotavirus?2, 4, 6 mo
3 timesTimes of administration of Hep A?12 mo, second dose 6
months after and before 2nd birthdayTimes of administration of
Varicella?1 yr and 46 yr
2 times same as MMRTimes of administration of MMR?1 yr and 46
yr
2 times same as VaricellaTimes of administration of IPV?2, 4, 6
mo, 46 yr
4 timesTimes of administration of PCV?2, 4, 6, 12 mo
4 times same as HibTimes of administration of Hib?2, 4, 6, 12
mo
4 times same as PCVTimes of administration of DTaP?2, 4, 6,
15mo, 46 yr
5 times start getting Tdap 1112 yo