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BENGKEL PECUTAN AKHIR
Nama : . Ting
: 5
QUESTION 1
Table 7.1 shows the electron arrangement of elements T, U, V, W and X.Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi unsur T, U, V,W danX.
ElementUnsur
Electron arrangementSusunan elektron
T .1U .7
V .!.1W .!.7
X .!.!
Table 7.1"Jadual7.1
#a$ %om&are the atomic si'e between atom of element T and V. ()&lain *o+r
answer.Bandingkan saiz atom di antara atom unsurT danatom unsur V. Terangkan jawapan anda.
marks-
#b$ %om&are the atomic si'e between atom of element V and W. ()&lain *o+r
answer.
Bandingkan saiz atom di antara atom unsur V danatom unsur W. Terangkan jawapan anda. marks-
#c$ Which element is chemicall* +nreacti/e0 ()&lain *o+r answer.Unsur manakah yang tidak reaktif secara kimia? Terangkan jawapan anda.
marks-
#d$ %om&are the reacti/it* of element T and V. ()&lain *o+r answer.Bandingkan kereaktifan unsur Tdan V. Terangkan jawapan anda.
marks-
#e$ %om&are the reacti/it* of element U and W. ()&lain *o+r answer.Bandingkan kereaktifan unsur Udan W. Terangkan jawapan anda.
marks-
1
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QUESTION 2
2iagram 7. shows the electron arrangement diagrams for magnesi+m o)ide andcarbon dio)ide.
ajah !." menunjukkan gambarajah susunan elektron bagi magnesium oksida dan karbon dioksida.
3agnesi+m o)ide " magnesium oksida carbon dio)ide " karbon dioksida
2iagram 7. " 4aah 7.
#a$ 6ased on diagram 7., state the t*&e of bond and e)&lain the formation of
bond in both com&o+nds.Berdasarkan rajah !.", nyatakan jenis ikatan dan terangkan pembentukan ikatan bagi kedua#
dua sebatian.
mar8s-
#b$ %om&are the two com&o+nds and e)&lain in terms of :9Banding kedua#dua sebatian tersebut dan terang berdasarkan$#
#i$ 3elting &oint and boiling &ointTakat lebur dan takat didih
#ii$ (lectrical cond+cti/it*%ekonduksian elektrik
mar8s-
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QUESTION 3
Table 1.1 shows two sets of e)&eriments to determine the &osition of metal 3,
metal N and carbon in the 4eacti/it* ;eries.Jadual &'.& menunjukkan dua set eksperimen bagi menentukan kedudukan logam (, logam ) dankarbon dalam *iri %ereaktifan.
6ased on the obser/ations in Table 1.1 arrange metal 3, metal N and carbon inascending order based on their reacti/it*.()&lain *o+r answer and s+ggest metal 3 and metal N.Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Jadual &'.& susun logam (, logam ) dan karbon mengikut tertibmenaik berdasarkan kereaktifannya.Terangkan jawapan anda dan cadangkan logam ( dan logam ).
mar8s-
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QUESTION
2iagram 1. shows the a&&arat+s set9+& of an e)&eriment to in/estigate the
transfer of electrons at a distance.
ajah &'." menunjukkan susunan radas eksperimen untuk mengkaji pemindahan elektron padasuatu jarak
6* refering to the set +& of the a&&arat+s , describe the method to carr* o+t the
e)&eriment. e?+ations.
+engan merujuk kepada susunan radas di atas, huraikan kaedah untuk menjalankan eksperimen ini.
(asukkan dalam huraian anda , $
nama bahan yang sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan,
langkah#langkah
pemerhatian eksperimen
Ujian pengesahan hasil tindak balas
setengah persamaan pengoksidaan dan setengah persamaan penurunan.
1 mar8s-
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QUESTION !
Table @ shows a list of a&&arat+s and materials.Jadual menunjukkan senarai radas dan bahan.
A&&arat+s and materials:adas dan bahan$
%arbon electrodes-lektrod#elektrod karbon
%onnecting wiresayar penyambung
Bal/anometer /al0anometer
U9t+be
Tiub# U
6romin water 1ir bromin 2il+te s+l&h+ric acid 1sid sulfurik cair
A red+cing agent*uatu agen penurunan
Table @ " Jadual
2raw one labelled diagram to show the a&&arat+s set9+& to in/estigate electron
transfer at a distance b* +sing the a&&arat+s and materials gi/en in Table @.
Name the red+cing agent.
2escribe the redo) reaction in terms of the electron transfer at a distance.
2ukiskan satu rajah berlabel bagi menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyiasat pemindahan elektron
pada satu jarak dengan menggunakan radas dan bahan yang terdapat dalam Jadual .
)amakan agen penurunan tersebut.
3uraikan tindak balas redoks dari segi pemindahan elektron pada satu jarak.
@ mar8s-
QUESTION "
5
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2iagram 1. shows an a&&arat+s set +& to in/estigate the eCect of two diCerentmetals 3 and N on the r+sting of iron.ajah &'.4 menunjuklcan susunan radas bagi mengkaji kesan dua logam berbeza ( dan ) ke ataspengaratan besi.
2iagram 1. " ajah &'.4
The res+lt of this e)&eriment after a few da*s is shown in Table 1.%eputusan eksperimen selepas beberapa hari adalah seperti dalam Jadual &'.
Dair of metals
5asangan logam
Ebser/ation
5emerhatian
Fe, 36l+e s&otsTompok biru
Fe, NNo change
Tiada perubahan
Table 1 "Jadual l'
6ased on Table 1, s+ggest the names of metal 3 and N. ()&lain wh* there is adiCerence in the obser/ations in both test t+bes.
Berdasarkan Jadual &', cadangkan nama logam ( dan ). Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaanpemerhatian dalam kedua#dua tabung uji tersebut.
! 3ar8s-
QUESTION #
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#a$
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A gro+& of st+dents carried o+t three e)&eriments to in/estigate the factorsaCecting the rate of reaction between h*drochloric acid and 'inc.
Table !.1 shows the res+lts of the e)&eriments.
*ekumpulan pelajar membuat eksperimen bagi mengkaji faktor#faktor yang mempengaruhi kadartindakbalas antara asid hidroklorik dan zink.
Jadual 9.& menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen tersebut.
E+,er%ment
E-',er%men
Reactant'Bahan tindak balas
T%me ta-en to collect. cm3o& /0rogen
ga' 'Masa yang diambil untuk
mengumpul 40 cm3gas
hidrogen (s)
I
5 cmof 1. mol dm9h*drochloric acidI 'inc gran+le I a few dro&s of
co&&er#
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Table 1 shows the res+lts of three sets of e)&eriments to in/estigate the factorsthat aCect the rate of reaction. 5 cmof carbon dio)ide gas is collected in eache)&eriment.Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan bagi tiga set eksperimen untuk menyiasat faktor yangmempengaruhi kadar tindakbalas.:' cm"gas karbon dioksidadikumpulkan dalam setiap eksperimen.
(8s&eriment
-ksperimen
4eactantsBahan tindak balas
Tem&erat+re " o%
*uhu o%
Time ta8en to collectsgas"s
(asa yang diambil untukmengumpulkangas "s
3agnesi+m o)ide is not strong"&ermeable"easil* &eeled oC.
QUESTION 22 KBAT
1. Water is &resent in X b+t there is no water in in G.. %itric acid ionises in water
1
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. HIion &resent. HIion reacts with sodi+m carbonate " bicarbonate to release b+bbles of carbon
dio)ide5. Witho+t water citric acid e)ists as molec+le "" witho+t water HIis not &resent. When HI ion is not &resent, citric acid cannot reacts with sodi+m carbonate "
bicarbonate
QUESTION 23 KBAT
1. Bas G is ;+l&h+r dio)ide. The soil is acidic d+e to acid rain. Add calci+m carbonate " calci+m o)ide which is al8aline that can ne+tralise the
acid in the soil.
QUESTION 2 KBAT
;*nthetic &ol*mers ca+se en/ironmental &oll+tion1.
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. Fre?+enc* of eCecti/e collision between anti9acid"al+mini+mh*dro)ide"magnesi+m h*dro)ide and stomach acid " gastric acid " h*drogenion higher.
. The rate of reaction becomes higher."" The indigestion can be c+red faster.""The ne+trali'ation occ+rred faster.
QUESTION 2$ KBAT
(a) 1. The sea breeze contains salts which increase the electrical conductivity of water.2. This makes the water a better electrolyte and therefore speeds up the rusting /
corrosion of the iron padlock.
(b) 1. ttach the iron padlock to a more electropositive metal which acts as the sacrificialmetal.
2. !oat / "alvanise the iron padlock with a thin layer of zinc.#. !oat the iron padlock with a thin layer of tin // Tin plating
$. %lectroplate the iron padlock with rust& resistant metals such as chromium / nickel //lloying
'. aint the iron padlock