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TheJazzCombo:FromLeadSheettoPerformanceDr.DanielBrame
DeerfieldHighSchoolJazzBandIllinoisMusicEducationConference
January26,2018
Whatdoesaleadsheetconvey?• Melody,ofteninbasicrhythms• Chordprogression,ofteninsimplifiedform
Whatdoesn’taleadsheetconvey?
• Specificrhythmhitsorbasslines• Counterlinesorbackgroundfigures• Commonvariationsinrhythmsorpitches
Notallfakebooksarecreatedequal
• HalLeonard• SherMusic• Aebersold• CharlesMingus:MoreThanaFakebook(HalLeonard)• TheloniusMonkFakeBook(HalLeonard)• Fakebookindex:https://www.seventhstring.com/fbindex.html
Importanceoflisteningtosourcerecordings
• Standardtunesexistinmultiple,oftenclassicversionso “AutumnLeaves,”CannonballAdderley,SomethingElseo “’RoundMidnight,”MilesDavis,‘RoundAboutMidnighto “MyFavoriteThings,”JohnColtrane,MyFavoriteThings
• ListeningoftenrevealsdetailsnotpresentinleadsheetWheretostart
• Forsimpletunes,startwithleadsheet• Ifinstandardblocknotation,addsyncopation• Forcomplextunes,startwithoriginalrecording
Intros
• Vamps,withandwithoutlayering
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• Dominantprolongation
• Lastfourbarsofthetune• Rubatosolo• Improvisedsolo• Bigbandstyle
• Rumble
Head
• Solovs.ensemble• Rhythmsectionmelody• Unisonvs.harmonized
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• Melodywithbackgrounds
• Counterpoint
SoloSection
• Soloordero traditionalorderishornstopiano/guitartobasstodrumso beginandendwithstrong,energeticsoloistso forchangeofpace,startwithbassordrums
• Solobreako canbeoneortwobarso oftenbeginsonIchord
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• Backgrounds
• Fullvs.partialrhythmsection• Tradingfours• Stoptime
• Soloovervamp
o finda2-chordpatternthatgoeswiththechangeso I-IVorii-Voftenworkwell
• TransitionbacktoheadInterlude
• Variationonhead
• Contrafact
• Shoutchorus
Ending
• Outchorusshouldthearrangementbethesameastheopeningchorus?
• Unlayer
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Reverseanylayeringprocessusedatthetop• Startatbridge
especiallyappropriateforaheadlongerthan32barsoraballad• Endwithheadvs.vampout• Tags
o 3timesandouto iii-VIextension(workswelliflastfourbarsareii-V-I)
• Longvs.shortnote• Shoutvs.whisper
o bothmightbedeterminedbywherethetunefallsintheseto goodendingchords:formajortunes,maj7#11,6/9;forbluesiertunes,7#11,7#9;for
minortunes,min6/9,min(maj7)• BasieandEllingtonendings
• Cadenza
formaj7uselydian,fordom7uselydiandominant,forminuseascendingmelodicminorOtherconsiderations
• Changestyle
• Segues,mash-ups,classicalorworldmusic• Non-traditionaljazzinstruments• Originaltunes
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SuggestedListeningEachofthesealbumsfeatureslargercomboswith3+hornsandfullrhythmsections.Thetunesaremorefullyarrangedthanthetypical“unisonhead-solos-unisonhead”format.
MilesDavis,BirthoftheCool(1949-50)DavePellOctet,JazzforDancingandListening(1955-56)CharlesMingus,MingusAh-Um(1959)OliverNelson,BluesandtheAbstractTruth(1961)ArtBlakeyandtheJazzMessengers,Caravan(1962)WyntonMarsalisSeptet,TheMarciacSuite(1999)SFJazzCollective,Live:SFJAZZCenter2016-MusicofMilesDavis&OriginalCompositions(2016)
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& 44 .˙ œCΔ7 ˙ ˙ .˙ œE7 w
& Ó .œ# JœA7 .˙ œ .˙ œ
D–7
w& Ó œ œ#E7 ˙# ˙ .˙ œA–7 w
& Ó œ# œD7 ˙ ˙ .˙ œD–7 wG7
& .˙ œCΔ7 ˙ ˙ .˙ œE7 w
& Ó .œ# JœA7 .˙ œ .˙ œ
D–7
w& .˙ œFΔ7 ˙ ˙F–6 .˙ œE–7 w# A7
& Œ œ œ œD–7 ˙ ˙G7 wC6 Eb°7 ∑D–7 G7
Climb a Tree(original leadsheet - block notation)
Daniel BrameC Instruments
© 2017 by Daniel Brame. All rights reserved.
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& Ó jœ œ jœCΔ7 .œ Jœ ˙ Œ ‰ jœ# œ œ œE7 w
& Ó Jœ# œ jœA7 ‰ .œ œ œ .˙ œ œD–7
wB7(# 9)
& Ó œ œ# œ#E7 .œ jœ œ# œ ˙ œ œ œA–7 w
& Ó œ# œ œD7 .œ jœ# œ œ ˙ œ œ# œD–7 .œ Jœb ˙G7 G7(# 5b 9)
& Ó jœ œ jœCΔ7 .œ Jœ ˙ Œ ‰ jœ# œ œ œE7 w
& Ó Jœ# œ jœA7 ‰ .œ œ œ .˙ œ œD–7
w& ‰ .œ œ œFΔ7 .œ Jœ ˙F–6 ‰ .œ œ œb œ œ#E–7 wA7
& ‰ .œn œ œD–7 œ œ# œ œ œ œ œnG7 ∑C6 Eb°7 ∑D–7 G7
Climb a Tree - 2
Climb a Tree(performance version - syncopated)
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& bb cBossa Nova
Œ ‰ Jœ œ œ ‰ JœCÑ ‰ .œ œ œF7 Œ ‰ Jœ œ œ ‰ Jœ
CÑ .˙ ŒF7
& bb Œ ‰ Jœ œ œ ‰ JœCÑ ‰ .œ œ œF7 œ œ œ œ œ œ œCÑ .˙ ŒF7
& bb Œ œb œ Jœ œ JœAbN
Jœ œ Jœ ˙ ‰ jœb œ œ œ œ œ œ .˙ Œ
& bb Œ œb œ Jœ œ Jœ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ .œ Jœ Jœ œb jœ .˙ Œ
& bb œ# œ œ œ œn ŒD7 Œ ‰ Jœ# ‰ Jœn œ œ .œ Jœ Jœn œ jœ .˙ Œ
& bb ‰ jœ œ œ Jœ œ Jœ ‰ .œ# œ œ# œ œ œn Jœ œ Jœn Ó œœœnb œœœ œœœGñ
DorLyMix Daniel BrameC Instruments
Copyright © 2008 by Daniel Brame. All rights reserved.
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& 44 .. .˙ œ œDÑ ˙ jœ- œ. jœG7 .œ œ œ œ œ ŒCJ ∑ .˙b œ œCÑ
& .œ Jœb- œ. œb œF7 wBbJ Ó Œ œ œb .œ Jœ Jœb- œb . jœBbÑ
& ..œ œb œ œb œb œ œEb7 wAbJ 1 œb œ œ œ œ jœ .œ3
Aï 2
’ ’ ’ ’Aï 3 œb œb œ œ ÓAbJ
Bi Bost Bat Daniel BrameC Instruments
© 2015 by Daniel Brame. All rights reserved.
Play head twice before solos, taking the first and second endings.Play head twice after solos, taking the first and third endings.
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Abouttheclinician…DanielBramehasbeenDirectorofBandsatDeerfieldHighSchoolsince1988.Inthisposition,heleadsconcertbands,jazzbands,marchingbandandteachesmusictheory.DuringhistenureatDHS,thebandprogramhasgrownfrom45studentstoover120,andaconcertbandandtwojazzcomboshavebeenadded. Dr.BrameholdsadoctorateinmusiceducationfromBostonUniversity.HisdissertationwasastudyofcomprehensivemusicianshipinhighschoolbandprogramsinIllinoisandWisconsin.Healsohasabachelor'sdegreeinmusiceducationfromNorthwesternUniversityandamaster'sinmusiceducationfromDePaulUniversity.HehasservedasastaffarrangerfortheNorthwesternUniversityWildcatMarchingBandandtheChicagoBarAssociationChristmasSpiritsshow.Hismarchingbandchartshavealsobeenperformedbyseveralcollegeandhighschoolbandsacrossthecountry.Dr.BramehaspublishedarticlesinTheInstrumentalistandTeachingMusicandwasacontributortoMusicianship:ComposinginBandandOrchestra,publishedbyGIA.In2016,hereceivedtheChicagolandOutstandingMusicEducatorAwardfromQuinlanandFabishMusic.Youcancontactmeatdbrame@dist113.orgwithanyquestionsorcommentsaboutthematerial. Abouttheensemble…TheDeerfieldHighSchoolJazzBandmeetsasafullcreditclassfourdaysaweek.Withflexibleandnon-traditionalinstrumentation,theensemblecanfunctionasamini-bigband,anexpandedcombo,apianotrio,oranyothercombination.Ourmainemphasisisdevelopingeachstudent'sself-expressionthroughimprovisation,arranging,andcomposition.TheDHSJazzBandperformsfourformalconcertseachyearaswellasanumberofinformalandcommunitygigs.TheyhaveparticipatedintheEvanstonJazzFestivalandJazzintheMeadowsandhaveplayedatthePalmCourtJazzCafeinNewOrleans.In2013,theDr.Brameandthebandpresentedaclinictitled“SevenStepstotheBlues”attheIllinoisMusicEducationConferenceinPeoria.Alumniofthegroupincludeprofessionalperformers,composers,andproducersinNewYork,Philadelphia,LosAngeles,andChicago.ThemusicprogramatDeerfieldHighSchoolincludesthreeconcertbands,onecurricularjazzbandandtwoafter-schoolcombos,marchingband,threeorchestras,andfourchoirs,inadditiontoclassesinmusictheoryandbeginningguitar.Thestaffincludesthreefull-timedirectorsandanaccompanist.