PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Certification Chapter 25: The Internet.

PC Maintenance: PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Preparing for A+

CertificationCertificationChapter 25: The InternetChapter 25: The Internet

Chapter 25 ObjectivesChapter 25 Objectives

Choose and set up an Internet connection Choose and set up an Internet connection methodmethod

Understand IP addressing and TCP/IPUnderstand IP addressing and TCP/IP Identify Internet protocols such as FTP, Identify Internet protocols such as FTP,

HTTP, and TelnetHTTP, and Telnet Configure Internet ExplorerConfigure Internet Explorer Configure Outlook ExpressConfigure Outlook Express Troubleshoot Internet connectionsTroubleshoot Internet connections

What is the Internet?What is the Internet?

Huge TCP/IP-based networkHuge TCP/IP-based network Physical mesh topologyPhysical mesh topology Traffic passes through a complex system Traffic passes through a complex system

of routersof routers Addresses are translated between domain Addresses are translated between domain

names and IP addresses by DNS serversnames and IP addresses by DNS servers

TCP/IP and the OSI ModelTCP/IP and the OSI Model

Ways to Connect to the InternetWays to Connect to the Internet

ModemModem ISDNISDN DSLDSL CableCable SatelliteSatellite

IP Addresses on the InternetIP Addresses on the Internet

A company has a range of IP addresses it A company has a range of IP addresses it can use on the Internetcan use on the Internet

Many times a company has more users Many times a company has more users than IP addresses availablethan IP addresses available

Network Address Translation (NAT) is Network Address Translation (NAT) is used to dynamically assign one of the used to dynamically assign one of the available IP addresses as needed to a available IP addresses as needed to a nodenode

Static and Dynamic IP AddressesStatic and Dynamic IP Addresses

Dynamic:Dynamic: Assigned by an ISP to an end- Assigned by an ISP to an end-user; might change each time user user; might change each time user connectsconnects

Static:Static: Typically given to a server or other Typically given to a server or other resource where the address must not resource where the address must not changechange

Internet DNS ServersInternet DNS Servers

Domain Name SystemDomain Name System In example address www.emcp.com:In example address www.emcp.com:

Top-level DNS server translates the rightmost Top-level DNS server translates the rightmost portion of the address (example: .com)portion of the address (example: .com)

Second-level DNS server translates next Second-level DNS server translates next portion of the address (example: emcp)portion of the address (example: emcp)

TCP/IP Communication TCP/IP Communication ProtocolsProtocols

IP addressing occurs at Network Layer (3)IP addressing occurs at Network Layer (3) TCP occurs at Transport Layer (4)TCP occurs at Transport Layer (4) Session and Presentation layers can have Session and Presentation layers can have

different protocols in use such as:different protocols in use such as: HTTPHTTP FTPFTP TelnetTelnet E-mail protocolsE-mail protocols

Common Layer 5 and 6 Common Layer 5 and 6 ProtocolsProtocols

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Used to deliver Web content to a Web Used to deliver Web content to a Web

browser applicationbrowser application File Transfer Protocol (FTP)File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Used to upload and download filesUsed to upload and download files HTTP can also download files, but FTP is HTTP can also download files, but FTP is

more efficientmore efficient TelnetTelnet

An old protocol for terminal emulationAn old protocol for terminal emulation

E-mail ProtocolsE-mail Protocols

Post Office Protocol (POP, or POP3)Post Office Protocol (POP, or POP3) Used for receiving e-mail with an e-mail Used for receiving e-mail with an e-mail

application such as Outlookapplication such as Outlook Retrieves messages from the server and Retrieves messages from the server and

deletes them from the serverdeletes them from the server

E-mail ProtocolsE-mail Protocols

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) Used for receiving e-mail with either an e-mail Used for receiving e-mail with either an e-mail

application or an IMAP-enabled Web interfaceapplication or an IMAP-enabled Web interface Messages remain stored on the serverMessages remain stored on the server Useful for people who access their mail from Useful for people who access their mail from

multiple locationsmultiple locations

E-mail ProtocolsE-mail Protocols

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Used for sending e-mail (not receiving)Used for sending e-mail (not receiving)

Hypertext Transfer ProtocolHypertext Transfer Protocol Used for Web-based e-mail applications such Used for Web-based e-mail applications such

as Hotmail and Yahoo Mailas Hotmail and Yahoo Mail

Security Preferences in Internet Security Preferences in Internet ExplorerExplorer

Choose Tools > Choose Tools > Internet Options Internet Options and click the and click the Security tabSecurity tab

Drag the slider to Drag the slider to change the change the security level for security level for the selected zonethe selected zone

Privacy Preferences in Internet Privacy Preferences in Internet ExplorerExplorer

Choose Tools > Choose Tools > Internet Options and Internet Options and click the Privacy tabclick the Privacy tab

Control the usage of Control the usage of cookiescookies

Set certain Web Set certain Web sites to always or sites to always or never be allowed to never be allowed to use cookiesuse cookies

Privacy Preferences in Internet Privacy Preferences in Internet ExplorerExplorer

Turning off Turning off AutoComplete can AutoComplete can give greater give greater privacyprivacy

Turn it on/off from Turn it on/off from Content tab of Content tab of Internet Options Internet Options dialog boxdialog box

Outlook ExpressOutlook Express

Default mail application in WindowsDefault mail application in Windows Sends and receives e-mailSends and receives e-mail Views and posts to USENET newsgroupsViews and posts to USENET newsgroups Each Windows version comes with a Each Windows version comes with a

different version of Outlook Expressdifferent version of Outlook Express Windows 95 came with Internet Mail and Windows 95 came with Internet Mail and

Internet News insteadInternet News instead

Setting Up an E-mail AccountSetting Up an E-mail Account

1.1. In OE, choose In OE, choose ToolsTools > > AccountsAccounts

2.2. Click Click AddAdd, , then click then click MailMail

3.3. Follow the Follow the prompts in the prompts in the Internet Internet Connection Connection WizardWizard

Filtering Out Junk MailFiltering Out Junk Mail

1.1. In OE, choose In OE, choose ToolsTools > > Message Message RulesRules > > MailMail

2.2. Create a new Create a new Mail RuleMail Rule

Transferring Files with FTPTransferring Files with FTP

Stand-alone FTP applicationStand-alone FTP application Many shareware and trial versions availableMany shareware and trial versions available

FTP through Internet ExplorerFTP through Internet Explorer Usually download onlyUsually download only

Command-line FTP accessCommand-line FTP access Can be difficult to memorize command syntaxCan be difficult to memorize command syntax

FTP through Internet ExplorerFTP through Internet Explorer

FTP through an FTP ApplicationFTP through an FTP Application

FTP through a Command LineFTP through a Command Line

Sharing an Internet ConnectionSharing an Internet Connection

Cable/DSL RouterCable/DSL Router Internet Connection SharingInternet Connection Sharing

Windows 98 Second EditionWindows 98 Second Edition Windows MeWindows Me Windows XPWindows XP

Troubleshooting Internet Troubleshooting Internet ProblemsProblems

No Web, No E-mailNo Web, No E-mail Check connectivityCheck connectivity Reset terminal adapterReset terminal adapter Reboot PCReboot PC Use ping to check a well-known siteUse ping to check a well-known site

Troubleshooting Internet Troubleshooting Internet ProblemsProblems

Web but No E-mailWeb but No E-mail Mail account might not be set up correctlyMail account might not be set up correctly Mail server might temporarily be downMail server might temporarily be down

E-mail but No WebE-mail but No Web Try bypassing proxy server if possible (from Try bypassing proxy server if possible (from

Connection tab of Internet Options)Connection tab of Internet Options) No Access to Specific Web SiteNo Access to Specific Web Site

PingPing TracertTracert