1 Pavement Pavement Maintenance and Maintenance and Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Strategies Strategies Presented by: Presented by: Michael E. Symons Michael E. Symons Pavement Research & Standards Officer Pavement Research & Standards Officer February 19th, 2001 2 Maintenance Maintenance n Organization Organization l 22 Highways Districts 22 Highways Districts l 28 Maintenance Contract Areas 28 Maintenance Contract Areas l 16 Maintenance Contractors 16 Maintenance Contractors n Maintenance Contracts Maintenance Contracts l Current Contracts are for 5 years Current Contracts are for 5 years l Expire in 2003/04 Expire in 2003/04
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nn Maintenance ContractsMaintenance Contractsll Current Contracts are for 5 yearsCurrent Contracts are for 5 yearsll Expire in 2003/04Expire in 2003/04
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Road InventoryRoad Inventory84,225 lane-km of highway
8,000 lane-km of Paved Secondary Highway15,000 lane15,000 lane--km of Paved Primary Highwaykm of Paved Primary Highway
25,200 lane-km of Paved Side Roads
500 lane-km of Gravel Secondary Highways35,525 lane-km of Gravel/Dirt Side Roads
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Structure InventoryStructure Inventory
5,300 Structures2,700 Vehicular Carrying Bridges
800 structures that include Large Culverts, Pedestrian Overpasses and
Sign Structures
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Maintenance StrategiesMaintenance Strategies
nn Crack Sealing Crack Sealing -- 1,400 km1,400 kmnn Sand/Graded Aggregate Seal Sand/Graded Aggregate Seal --
895,000m895,000m22
nn Patching Patching -- Various Types to a total of Various Types to a total of 1,932,000m1,932,000m22
nn Hot InHot In--Place Recycle Place Recycle -- GenerallyGenerallyll to a depth of 50mmto a depth of 50mmll with the addition of a Rejuvenating Agentwith the addition of a Rejuvenating Agentll with Addwith Add--Mix up to 20%Mix up to 20%
nn Low Temperature Recycled PavementLow Temperature Recycled Pavementll Mixed at about 100Mixed at about 100ooCCll Production about 100tph Production about 100tph ll Rejuvenator or AC often addedRejuvenator or AC often added
471 lane-km of GAS was applied during the 2000 Season
1919
MicroMicro--Surfacing in ProgressSurfacing in Progress
2020
MicroMicro--SurfacingSurfacing
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GOLDENGOLDEN
BEARBEARO I L S P E C I A L T I E S
Preservative and Restorative Seals
““ROAD MANAGEMENTROAD MANAGEMENT””
The selections of a sequence of The selections of a sequence of appropriate strategies that yield the appropriate strategies that yield the desired level of service at the lowest desired level of service at the lowest
costcost
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“COMPANIES MANUFACTURE “COMPANIES MANUFACTURE PRODUCTS TO BE PRODUCTS TO BE
SUCCESSFUL.”SUCCESSFUL.”
Chemically produced and manufactured Chemically produced and manufactured products yield the same result every time. products yield the same result every time. The key is knowing how they work…If you The key is knowing how they work…If you know how they work, you know how to use know how they work, you know how to use
them…The right application…The right them…The right application…The right handlinghandling
ASPHALT REJUVENATORSASPHALT REJUVENATORS
ll Offer low cost alternative maintenance methodsOffer low cost alternative maintenance methodsll Methods that due to staff changes, etc. may have been Methods that due to staff changes, etc. may have been
forgotten about in past years.forgotten about in past years.ll Should be considered to work along with existing methods Should be considered to work along with existing methods
of surface treatments in your preventative maintenance of surface treatments in your preventative maintenance program program –– i.e. i.e. –– the wear course seals the wear course seals –– chip seals, slurries.chip seals, slurries.
As maintenance costs increase As maintenance costs increase –– counties, municipalities counties, municipalities struggle with holding the line on costs.struggle with holding the line on costs.
Rejuvenators and Restorative seals can be the maintenance Rejuvenators and Restorative seals can be the maintenance person’s lowest cost insurance.person’s lowest cost insurance.
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WHAT IS AN ASPHALT REJUVENATOR?WHAT IS AN ASPHALT REJUVENATOR?
Asphalt consists of two main fractions –“asphaltenes”which arethe hard brittle component, insoluble and not affected by oxidation and the highly reactive sub-fractions called “maltenes”. These maltenes are oily and resinous in appearance.
HOW DOES AN ASPHALT REJUVENATOR HOW DOES AN ASPHALT REJUVENATOR WORK?WORK?
This relationship of maltene and asphaltene percentage becomes out of balance in the aging process.
This aging process can start as early as initial hot plant production and continues through the pavement life cycle – the effects of time, weather, sunlight, etc.
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KEYS TO A QUALITY REJUVENATORKEYS TO A QUALITY REJUVENATOR
An asphalt rejuvenator is a manufactured product which has the ability to absorb or penetrate into the pavement and restore those reactive components that have been lost due to oxidation
“KEYS TO A QUALITY REJUVENATOR”“KEYS TO A QUALITY REJUVENATOR”
l Proper base is essential. A napthenic or wax free base is ideal – the molecular make up offers more solvency power or absorption and fluxing ability.
l Rejuvenators are manufactured as emulsions similar to emulsions you are familiar with – typically 60-65% residual. They have the ability to “wet” the asphalt binder that is present.
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RING TEST KIT
Reclamite® Preservative Seal
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Reclamite® Preservative Seal
Curing
Reclamite® Application
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Reclamite® curing approximately 20
minutes after application
Sand application to cured Reclamite®
Sanding application
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Reclamite® Preservative Seal
County of Uxbridge, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaUnsealed
l Broom Pavementl Apply diluted (2:1) Reclamite® by Distributor l Application rate 0.05 - 0.15 Gsy.
.30 - .65 Litres Sq. M l Allow emulsion to break (½ - 1 hour)l Light sanding recommended 1-3 lbs. Sq. yd.
½ - 1 ½ Kg. Sq. m.l Open to traffic
161923Top ½” 12.5 mmUntreated
404882Top ½” 12.5 mmTreated
Depth 2 mos. 18 mos. 36 mos.
Penetration values of asphalt cores taken at intervals over over period of time
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WHEN SHOULD REJUVENATORS BE WHEN SHOULD REJUVENATORS BE APPLIED?APPLIED?
Incorporated into a pavement management system:l As a fog seal to new asphalt pavementsl Where general open surface appearance tends to
develop hairline cracking, raveling, minor pitting.l Poorly compacted or segregated pavementsl A. those roads not requiring a wear coursel B. those roads not scheduled for major rehabilitationl C. those roads because of funding cutbacks, etc.
maintenance dollars will not be available in future years.
RECYCLING OF RAP WITH RECYCLING OF RAP WITH REJUVENATORSREJUVENATORS
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REJUVENATORS CAN RESTORE REJUVENATORS CAN RESTORE DURABILITY TO THE RAPDURABILITY TO THE RAP
l Durability being the interdependence between composition and aging
l They can return a desired consistency to the aged asphalt
MIDLAND MIXTRAILER, STILLWATER COUNTY, MIDLAND MIXTRAILER, STILLWATER COUNTY, MIDLAND MIXTRAILER, STILLWATER COUNTY, MIDLAND MIXTRAILER, STILLWATER COUNTY, COLUMBUS, MONTANACOLUMBUS, MONTANACOLUMBUS, MONTANACOLUMBUS, MONTANA
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Hauling of RAP from the pugmill
Blading of RAP
Compaction using rubber tire roller
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Finished appearance
Finished appearance, light sand applied as a blotter
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Compacted RAP with Reclamite® addition
RAP SECTION
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Reclamite® - RAP from Hwy 1 being graded near North Bend (Boston Bar, BC)
RAP being graded, North Bend,
(Boston Bar, BC)
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Application of Reclamite® and surface sanding – RAP millings, North Bend, (Boston Bar, BC)
Reclamite® Test Section applied to untreated RAP millings place approx 1 year previous
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Sealed
Unsealed
Reclamite®
Section of untreated RAP surface treated with Reclamite®
RAP stockpile I-84, Forsyth, Montana
Montana DOT cold recycle project
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Pugmill of Reclamite® with RAP milling, Montana DOT, Forsyth, Montana
Compaction of laid out RAP treated with Reclamite®, Forsyth, Montana
Known as reinforced rejuvenators or restorative seals –they are used for sealing and rejuvenating those roads
with increased cracking, openness. They contain percentages of asphaltene and fillers that provide for
increased sand retention.
They do not provide asphalt rejuvenation to the same degree as rejuvenators.
They do provide a seal in depth – that is – pavement absorption as well as surface sealing – a flexible seal that
kneads and works with traffic action
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CRF® Restorative SealBaker City, Oregon
CRF® Restorative SealWhistler/Blackcomb, British Columbia
CRF® Restorative Seal Curing
SANDING APPLICATION
2 KG/4 -5 LBS. – SQ.M / SQ. YD
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Superior Road Products
Haliburton, Ontario
Squeegee and brooming
CRF® Restorative Seal
CRF® Restorative Seal
Brooming and Finished Appearance
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CRF® RESTORATIVE SEALAPPLICATION SUMMARY:
1. Broom pavement (Clean surface)
2. Apply diluted CRF® by distributor (range 0.12 – 0.25 Gsy sq. yd) ( .45-.90 L. Sq. m.)
3. Single or double seal as dictated by pavement condition
4. Squeegee option
5. Allow emulsion to penetrate/break (1/2 – 1 hour)
6. Sand all CRF® applications (range 4-9 lbs. Sq. yd) ( 2-4 kg. Sq. m.
7. Drag broom option
8. Compaction option
9. Open to traffic
BENEFITS OF CRF®
• Safe, cold applied emulsion
• Economical cost effective process
• Resilient, durable crack repair
• Versatile product application
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CRF® Restorative Seal Appearance 1 year after application
Untreated surface close-up
Treated
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CANYON LISTER ROAD, CRESTON, B.C.
SUITABLE SURFACE FOR CRF®
RESTORATIVE SEALUNSEALED APPEARANCE
CANYON LISTER ROAD
SEALED APPEARANCE
CRF® RESTORATIVE SEAL
UNSEALED
SEALED
CANYON LISTER ROAD, CRESTON, B.C.
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CRF® Restorative Seal
Fairfield Airport
Teton County, Montana
Sealed
Sealed
Unsealed
Golden Bear Oil Specialties refinery based truck fleet
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CRFCRF®® COLD POUR CRACKFILLERCOLD POUR CRACKFILLER
ll One component productOne component productll Up to a 2 year shelf lifeUp to a 2 year shelf lifell Freeze stable emulsion in bulkFreeze stable emulsion in bulkll Very good hot and cold flexibilityVery good hot and cold flexibilityll Cracks do not need to be routedCracks do not need to be routedll Will not “string” or “snake” out of cracksWill not “string” or “snake” out of cracksll Road can be opened immediately after application and Road can be opened immediately after application and
the addition of sandthe addition of sandll Excellent product for squeegee seals or spray patchingExcellent product for squeegee seals or spray patching
APPLICATION OF CRF®APPLICATION OF CRF®
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JJM HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE, VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CRF® APPLICATION
CRF® USED TO FILL IN WHERE HOT POUR RUBBERIZED CRACKFILLER HAS
“SNAKED” OUT
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CRF® Cold pour crackfiller
Pothole Patching with CRF
Before
After
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APPEARANCE OF ALLIGATORED PAVEMENT APPEARANCE OF ALLIGATORED PAVEMENT SECTIONS EITHER SPRAY PATCHED OR SECTIONS EITHER SPRAY PATCHED OR
SURFACE SHOT AND DRAG BROOMED WITH SURFACE SHOT AND DRAG BROOMED WITH CRF®CRF®
Contacts:
Judy Nelson, Customer Service Golden Bear Sales OfficeChandler, AZ
800-456-3878
Ron Pruett, Scottsdale, AZ602-867-2278
Dave Crone, San Diego, CA909-694-8933
Steve Escobar, Los Angeles, CA310-712-6203
Jim Brownridge, Kelowna, B.C., Canada
250-868-9711
aaInfrastructureInfrastructure
Vijay Ghai, P. Eng.
C-SHRP WORKSHOPFebruary 20, 2001
Introduction
• The preceeding presentation focused on routine maintenance activities - reactive in nature.
• This presentation is going to address planned strategies which AI uses to preserve the roadway system other than Overlays.
Background• Alberta Highway Network System.
8 Primary Highway Network consist of 14,000 km of paved highways
8 Secondary Highway Network consist of 10,000 km of paved highways
• The current standards of acceptability & performance expectations specifies design pavements to last 20 years before rehabilitation.
Background Cont’d.
• AI has had a Pavement Evaluation System (PES) in place since early 1970
• Pavement Management System (PMS) has been in place since early 1980 to predict the behavior of all pavements
• AI sets great precedence to smoothness of pavements - usually the end criteria for most rehabilitation
Background Cont’d.
• PES & PMS enables the development of a Construction Program and set suitable rehabilitation strategies (i.e. Structural Overlays or Non-Structural Strategies)
• 95% of Network Structural O/L -5% Non-structural Rehabilitation
Non-Structural Rehabilitation
• Non-Structural Rehabilitation can be classified as a Pavement Preservation Strategy
• Two Types− Hot In-Place Recycling (HIR)– Mill & Inlay
Hot In-Place Recycling
3.70 3.70
50mm Hot In-Place Recycling
Approximate Service Life: 9 yearsApproximate Length Constructed = 100km¥ Some Limitations
Cold Mill and Inlay
3.70 3.70
50mm Cold Milland Inlay
Approximate Service Life: 11 yearsApproximate Length Constructed = 102 km¥ Some Limitations
Cold Mill and Inlay(Divided Highway)
50mm Cold Milland Inlay
OTL3.7
OTL3.7
Approximate Service Life: 11 yearsApproximate Length Constructed = 340 Km¥ Inside lane in good condition
Thin Overaly
Predicted Service Life of thin O/L = 5 yearsOverlay & widening deferred by 5 years
FutureWidening
FutureWidening
Thin Overlay 30 - 40 mm ACP
Future O/L
Seal Coat
J Seal Coat is a major preventative maintenance used by AI.
J Typically, 500 - 600 km of highway are seal coated on an annual basis.
J 50% Primary Highways and 15% Secondary Highways have seal coat on them.
Seal Coat q Background:
• From 1959 to 1990, seal coat program was prepared based on sound engineering judgment of experts within the Department.
• Since 1995, an Expert System has been developed for the assessment, rating and prioritization of seal coat.
Seal Coatq Purpose
• Seal Coat applied to roads provide performance and safety benefits at relatively low cost.
• Seal Coats repairs surface deficiencies and provides a waterproof seal over the existing pavement.
• Other side benefits: improve skid resistance (reduce hydro-planning), resistance to wear, better reflection properties
Seal Coat q Program
• Projects that are good candidates for seal coat exhibit characteristics that could lead to ravelling, stripping, potholes and structural failures if left unprotected.
Seal Coat Program Cont’d.
• Regions prepares a list of candidate projects for the seal coat program.
• Selected consultants inspects, assess and rates each projects based on 7 attributes. (i.e. Segregation and general ravelling are the two major attributes).
• An annual priority list is prepared for program purposes.
Seal Coat Operation
Future Outlook
J RoMaRa, a new pavement management system, is being designed.
• It will address more cost effective preservation treatment options as one of its module.
• This development will lead to a more dynamic preservation program.
1
Alberta Infrastructure
• Highway Maintenance Activities for Pavement Preservation
Crack Repairs
• 10 + years evaluation of cold-pour emulsion cracksealing• Inconclusive results for benefit of cracksealing• Cracksealing done by maintenance contractor on schedule,
according to highway classification• Rout & Seal crack filling less than 5% of highways, mixed
results
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Crack repair - Thermopatch
• Proprietary method• Trial basis on several
test projects• Cost effective on
severely depressed transverse cracks
• Service life ~ 3 years
Crack repair -mill & fill
• Developed in Alberta early 1990s
• Either stand-alone repair, or to replace leveling course
• Very effective. • ~ $100 per crack• Pavement shows
hairline cracks within 2 years, cracks stay same size for 5-6 years more
3
Crack repair -spray patch
• Most cost effective repair• Cracks redevelop within 1
• performing rout and crack sealing as a preventive maintenance activity is a cost effective means of prolonging the life of bituminous pavements
2
Objectives of Crack Treatment
• Rout & Sealing prevents the intrusion of water and objects into cracks
Benefits of Proper and Timely Crack Treatment
• Extends pavement service life by:- maintaining greater pavement support- delaying rate of deterioration of existing cracks
3
Crack Cutting
Generally Manitoba uses two rout & seal configurations:4:1 40mm wide 10mm deep3:1 30mm wide 10mm deep
Routing Profile
4
Testing of Hot Pour Materials for Approved list
5
Specifications:Shall meet a modified ASTM D 3405 low modulus specification
Physical Requirement SpecificationPenetration @ 25º C 110 min - 150 max Flow @ 60º C, mm 3 max.Bond @ -29º C, 200% extension (12.7mm specimen) pass 3 cyclesResilience (ASTM D3407) 60% min.Asphalt Compatibility (ASTM D3407) Pass all requirementsExtended heating @ PouringTemp., 6 hours Pass all requirements
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Crack Cleaning and Drying
• provide a clean, dry crack channel, free of dirt and dust, which material can properly adhere to
Crack Filling Application
7
Crack Finishing
Performance Evaluation
8
Failure
Thank You Prepared by: Vic WeselakManager Special OperationsManitoba Transportation &Government [email protected]
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 1
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
1
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg
Ken BoydSupport Services Engineer
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
2
Types of Practices PerformedJoint and crack sealing program
Thin bituminous overlay (TBO) program
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 2
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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Joint & Crack Sealing
Concrete Pavements (PCC)
Asphalt over Concrete Pavements (APC)
Asphaltic Concrete Pavements (AC)
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
4
Joint & Crack Sealing
Concrete pavements (PCC).• Joints sealed when constructed.• 2 year warranty for contracts.• Cleaned and resealed at 10-15 years.• Seal cracked slabs at same time.• Resealed as required (ideally every 7 years).
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 3
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
5
Joint & Crack Sealing
Asphalt over concrete pavements (APC)• 1 year reflective • 3 year reflective• Resealed as required (7 years ideally)
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
6
Joint & Crack Sealing
Asphaltic concrete pavements (AC)• 2 year warranty seal on new pavements• Reseal as required - ideally every 7 or 8
years
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 4
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
7
Joint & Crack Sealing Program
Products• Hot pour, rubberized asphalt sealant• Low modulus (modified ASTM 3405)• Used for both concrete and asphalt pavements--------------------------------------------------------------------• Polyurethane sealants• Used for utility cut and isolated concrete repairs
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
8
TBO ProgramIdentifying a TBO street by condition
• Structurally sound concrete surface • Minor concrete repairs required (<15% of joints) or
majority of concrete restorations are completed• Grade lines are generally good, not requiring massive fills
to correct• No major amounts of random cracking or faulting• Surface condition requires renewing or sealing due to
wear / spall / joint deterioration or poor drainage
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 5
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
9
TBO Program
Identifying a TBO street by use• Non-regional, collector or high use residential• A residential with front approaches• A residential with a back lane
Additional priority concerns include:Additional priority concerns include:• Area works and recommendations• Resident complaints• Councilors concerns
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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TBO - Scaled Surface
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 6
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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TBO - Drainage
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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TBO – Spalled Joints
The Beginning
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 7
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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TBO- Spalled Joints
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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TBO – Spalled Joints
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 8
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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TBO – Sunken Crown
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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Joint repairs
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 9
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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Joint repairs
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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Completed TBO
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 10
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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Budget
Joint & crack sealing• 6.5% of summer program budget
TBO• 15% of summer program budget• Inventory of candidates totals over 900 kilometers• Estimated cost to TBO is $65M• Replacement cost is $660M
Asset management
Preventative Maintenance Practices in the City of Winnipeg 11
3/16/01 Public Works Department Streets Maintenance Division
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Summary
Winnipeg has 2 preventative maintenance treatments
• Joint & crack Sealing• TBO
Future• Use Asset Management
– Program (where)– Funding($$$$)
Sask Highways 3/16/01
Pavement Preventative Maintenance and Preservation Briefing Tour 1
22/02/2001 1
Pavement Preventative Maintenance and Preservation Briefing Tour
22/02/2001 2
Introductionn Saskatchewan Highways and
Transportation Pavement Maintenance and Preservation Strategies
n Ted Stobbs Preservation Engineer, Regina
n Gordon King Director of Preservation Services, Prince Albert
Sask Highways 3/16/01
Pavement Preventative Maintenance and Preservation Briefing Tour 2
22/02/2001 3
Background
n Traditionally the program has been delivered by a mix of department crews and private contractors.
n Most of the treatments discussed today have been used to some extent in Saskatchewan.
22/02/2001 4
Maintenance Management Prior to 1995
n “MAINTENANCE” program managed locally on an allotment basis
n “REHABILITATION” program managed provincially on a condition basis
Sask Highways 3/16/01
Pavement Preventative Maintenance and Preservation Briefing Tour 3
22/02/2001 5
ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
n Two Components u Surface Management System
F implemented in 1996u Maintenance Management System
F implementation to be completed in 2001
22/02/2001 6
Surface Management System n
n Two Objectivesu To determine a maintenance and
rehabilitation strategy that minimizes the long term agency cost of maintaining the asset in a defined condition.
u To predict the cost of applying specific treatments as well as the resulting conditions after the treatments were applied.
Sask Highways 3/16/01
Pavement Preventative Maintenance and Preservation Briefing Tour 4
22/02/2001 7
Maintenance Management System
n A SYSTEMATIC WAY OF MANAGING MAINTENANCE
n By:u PLANNINGu ORGANIZINGu SCHEDULINGu REVIEW/EVALUATE
22/02/2001 8
What This Meansn
budgets can be based on current conditions, technologies and related construction activities.
n The Department can set performance benchmarks for preservation activities and compare benchmarks to actual results.
Sask Highways 3/16/01
Pavement Preventative Maintenance and Preservation Briefing Tour 5
22/02/2001 9
Next Steps
n Complete implementation of the Maintenance Management System
n Continue to enhance the Surface Management System
n Continue to integrate the Department strategic direction into the two systems.