Patterns of land use in urban area Example –the United Kingdom (UK)

Patterns of land use in urban area

Example –the United Kingdom (UK)

Think of all the types of land use you would find in an urban area

Factories Office

s HousesShops Businesse

s

Entertainme

nt

ParksPlaces of worship

Restaurants

In the UK although all towns and cities are different, most have grown and developed in the same way.

Believe it or not there is a PATTERN to it all !

We can show this spatial pattern by using a MODEL – a simplified picture.

This is an URBAN MODEL to show the different land use within a town or city.

Each different colour sector represents a different type of land use.

Patterns of land use in urban areas

Complete the following passage using the words from the box below.

Although all towns and cities are different, in the UK most have _______ and developed in the same way. This means that they will all have similar types of ______ ____.

As _____________ have grown they have developed a ________ and we can show this using a _______ – a simplified picture. Below is an _______ Model to show the _____ main land uses within a town or city.

Urban pattern grown model Six land use settlements

Draw a copy of the Urban Model which looks like this …..

… prepare the key for different colours to show the different types of land use.

As we go through the slides you can add main type of land use is in each sector.

Shade in the key so that it matches up with your copy of the model.

Use the rest of the space in the table to note down some of the things you might find in each of these areas

THE CBD

The Central Business District•Large

Shops

•Offices

•Restaurants

•Cafes

•Cinemas

•Theatres

•Museums

This is usually the original site of the settlement.

It is centrally located because the rest of the settlement has grown around it.

19th Century Housing•Terraced houses for the factory workers.

• Some now replaced by high-rise flats.

•Small Corner shops

INNER CITY

Located just outside the CBD Houses built near to the factories so that the workers could get to work easily.

Housing 1920 - 1950•Larger houses usually with gardens

•Some Parks

•Some rows of shops

INNER SUBURBS

Newer houses built for the growing population.The land is cheaper the further away from the CBD you go, so houses were built with gardens.

Modern Housing•New houses and housing estates

•New shopping centres

•Parks and other open areas

OUTER SUBURBS

The land around the edge of a settlement is much cheaper and there is enough space to build large housing estates.

New Industrial Area

Industrial estates and business parks built since 1970, close to main roadsThey are located close to main roads so that there is easy access for goods and employees

Old Industrial Areas•Along a river, canal or railway

•Many old factories now closed

•Area may look run down

They are located near to rivers, canals and railways because they needed to transport goods in and out of the city.

Making some conclusions….

Why do UK urban areas have this spatial pattern?

What are the factors which are responsible for causing this spatial pattern?

Can all towns and cities in the UK have this exact spatial pattern?

What is the process of a town or city growing called?

What are the elements of this process?

URBAN GROWTH IN BRITAIN

Started with

To this…..

The first settlements appeared when man became a farmer……….

Farmers sold their produce at

markets so small market

towns grew up

The first proper large towns appeared when Britain was conquered by………………...

THE ROMANS!

The Romans built roads & townsall over Britain.

Towns ending in ‘chester’ & ‘cester’ have their origins in Roman times

Then the Romans left &town building stopped-people went back to living in smaller settlements

So when did thecurrent citiesstart to grow? 18th & 19th

centuries

WHY? THETHE

INDUSTRIALINDUSTRIAL

REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Discoveries ofcoal and iron ore

meant the development of

large scaleindustries

This meant the growth of towns for raw materials and ports for export.

People flockedto the newtowns for

work.

At first materials were moved by canal-but this was slow .

Something fasterwas

needed….

Trains revolutionised

transport

The Victorian Age saw unprecedented urban development

This is an example of a Victorian station- note the hotel!

Victorian BritainVictorian BritainGreat BritainGreat Britain

The world’s leading industrial country (then not now!)

It was this surge in development that meant quick, cheap housing was needed for the influx of workers (think of Coronation Street)

This development has continued until today over 93% 0f people in the UK live in urban

areas

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

What are the spatial patterns of land use in NZ urban areas?

Do NZ urban areas have similar spatial patterns to UK urban areas?

What about larger e.g. Auckland compared to smaller e.g. Methven?

Are urban areas the same in different parts of the world e.g. Australia, Japan, USA, Egypt, Russia, India, China, Fiji,

Peru?

What are the factors which make or determine the spatial patterns?

Are these the factors the same around the world? Or different?

What are the factors which have influenced the growth and spatial patterns of the urban area of Methven?

Models

Models

The Von Thunen Model