Pathways of Elements in the Ecosystem: Bio-geo-chemical (Nutrient) Cycles Objectives: • Elements and their uses • Spatial and temporal scales of ecosystems • General model of cycles in ecosystems • H 2 O, C, N, P, S cycles • Sources, sinks, pools • Chemical changes • Microbes involved
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Pathways of Elements in the Ecosystem: Bio-geo-chemical (Nutrient) Cycles Objectives: Elements and their uses Spatial and temporal scales of ecosystems.
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Pathways of Elements in the Ecosystem: Bio-geo-chemical (Nutrient) CyclesObjectives:
• Elements and their uses
• Spatial and temporal scales of ecosystems
• General model of cycles in ecosystems
• H2O, C, N, P, S cycles
• Sources, sinks, pools
• Chemical changes
• Microbes involved
• Human changes
***Elements and their uses in organisms
• CHO:
• N, P, S:
• Ca, P:
• Fe, Mg:
• K, Na:
• Green: focus on these cycles for macronutrients.
Nutrients and their uses in organisms• CHO - organic compounds and water• N, P, S - proteins, nucleic acids• Ca, P - bones, exoskeletons, cell membranes• Fe, Mg - pigments, enzymes - hemoglobin, chlorophyll• K, Na - ionic balance, neural transmission
• Physiological ecology and ecosystem ecology linked
The fate of matter in ecosystems:Energy flows through the system once.Chemicals (nutrients) cycle = reused.
Figure 1
Ecosystems can be large or small. Ecosystem boundaries can be arbitrary, but must be defined.Can be large spatial and temporal scales.