Past simple and past participle Awake – awoke – awoken Beat – beat – beat/beaten Bet – bet – bet Become – became – become Bleed – bled – bled Blow – blew.

Past simple and past participle

Awake – awoke – awokenBeat – beat – beat/beatenBet – bet – bet Become – became – becomeBleed – bled – bled Blow – blew – blown Bite – bit – bitten Deal – dealt – dealt Draw – drew – drawn Drive – drove – driven Flee – fled – fled (to escape)Fling – flung – flung (to throw)Hang – hung – hung (but in the meaning of to kill someone: hanged – hanged)Hear – heard – heardHold – held – heldLend – lent – lentQuit – quit – quitSew – sewed – sewn (to make or repair clothes using a needle and thread)Shoot – shot – shotSink – sank – sunk

Past simple and past participle

Stand – stood – stoodTake – took – takenWeave – wove – woven (to make cloth by crossing long threads over and under each other)Wear – wore – worn

Mindmap: tenses

http://englishwithatwist.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/MInd-Maps_-Talking-about-the-past-.png

Five Old Idioms

Stop pestering me with all your advice. Nobody likes a backseat driver!

an annoying passenger who tells the driver how to drive; someone who tells others how to do things.

Okay, long story short: everything that goes up comes down, okay? to make a long story short

We decided to do a dry run (or dummy run) at the church the day before the wedding.

an occasion when you practise doing something to make sure there will be no problems when you really do it

Pardon my French, but this is a hell of a day.Excuse my use of swear words or taboo words.

Whenever I bake a cake, I start from scratch. I never use a cake mix in a box.

to start from the very beginning; to start from nothing

Five New Idioms

Shouting at a crying child just adds fuel to the fire. to make a problem worse

I can't take time for your problem. I have other /bigger fish to fry. to have more important things to do. 

My friends invited me to go camping on Saturday, but I have to go to my cousin's wedding instead. Blood is thicker than water, after all.

family relationships are stronger and more important than other kinds of relationships, such as being friends

She gave up her drinking habit cold turkey and had no ill effects. immediately; without cutting down gradually. (Originally drug

slang. Now used of breaking any habit.)

His parents never referred to the shoplifting incident again. I suppose they thought it best to let sleeping dogs lie.

to not talk about things which have caused problems in the past, or to not try to change a situation because you might cause problems

Five New Idioms

Shouting at a crying child just adds fuel to the fire. to make a problem worse

I can't take time for your problem. I have other /bigger fish to fry. to have more important things to do. 

My friends invited me to go camping on Saturday, but I have to go to my cousin's wedding instead. Blood is thicker than water, after all.

family relationships are stronger and more important than other kinds of relationships, such as being friends

She gave up her drinking habit cold turkey and had no ill effects. immediately; without cutting down gradually. (Originally drug

slang. Now used of breaking any habit.)

His parents never referred to the shoplifting incident again. I suppose they thought it best to let sleeping dogs lie.

to not talk about things which have caused problems in the past, or to not try to change a situation because you might cause problems

Writing: Unit 7Keep it brief

Two kinds of note-taking

linear: chronological

Example

How to focus in the age of distraction

1. Managing email1a check email at set points during the days1b Turn off email alerts...

Two kinds of note-taking

non-linear: e.g. Mind map

A mind map is a diagram used to visually outline information. A mind map is often created around a single word or text, placed in the centre, to which associated ideas, words and concepts are added. Major categories radiate from a central node, and lesser categories are sub-branches of larger branches. (Wikipedia)

Other, less conventional note-taking systems

http://www.passiveaggressivenotes.com/

Other, less conventional note-taking systems

http://www.passiveaggressivenotes.com/

Other, less conventional note-taking systems

http://www.passiveaggressivenotes.com/

Anniversary (≠ birthday)The day that is a number of years since something happened

Today is our tenth wedding anniversary.

The 100th anniversary of the First World War.

Latin abbreviations

BCbefore Christ

ADanno Domini (in the year of the Lord)

i.e. Id est (that is, in other words). The elephant is a pachyderm, i.e., an animal with thick skin and nails resembling hooves.

viz.Videlicet (namely, that is to say)The noble gases, viz., helium, neon, argon, xenon, krypton, and radon, show a non-expected behaviour when exposed to this new element.

Latin abbreviations

e.g.Exempli gratia (for example, for instance)

sicTo indicate a mistake in a quoted source Just weeks before he died, Michael Jackson wrote in an email: “I wants [sic] to make a comeback.”

vs. or v Versus (often used in trials: Roe vs. Wade)

Other abbreviations

FYIFor your information (interest) (used in emails: the receiver might be interested in the information, it is not required to do something)

TBATo be announced

TBCTo be confirmed

RSVPRepondez S‘il Vous-Plait. "Please send a response confirming whether or not you will accept the invitation."

The McKenzies would like to spend two weeks in Poland and Hungary , preferably in three-star hotels if they are available, but two-star hotels are acceptable if necessary. They want to travel by train and definitely not by coach.

Sorry I forgot to call you last night. I will be late for lectures this morning. Can you take notes? I’ll see you as soon as possible.

In general, the food was very traditional. The steak and roast potatoes were very good. The vegetarian meals are satisfactory, but there is very little choice. Overall prices were reasonable.

In the introduction to home computing the trainer will ask the trainees personal questions about their experiences and if necessary talk about the basic equipment that is required (for example, a modem) and how it’s used for email, the Internet and so on. Then the trainer will compare different software applications.

Candidate number 5 has a good professional background and excellent IT skills. She is lively and enthusiastic; she would prefer to work part time, if possible.

Focus on

a) MD (the meaning of managing director is British and informal), usually it means Doctor of Medicine)

b) Sep. / Sept.c) Dr (full stop in American English: Dr.)d) Kphe) Adminf) Ltd. no. of opps

Acronyms

AWOL= absent without leave (permission to be away from your unit)Idiom: to go AWOL = to be absent without explanation

radarRadio Detection and Ranging

laserlight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

scuba divingSelf-contained underwater breathing apparatus

Acronyms

NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organisation

AIDSAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome

BBC British Broadcasting Company

FAQFrequently Asked Questions

BBC investigate working conditions at retail giants Amazon

..\..\3.2\Video and Audio\Amazon (BBC)

.mp4

Sat navSatellite navigation (GPS: global positioning system)

TempTemporary work (temporary workers)

BBC investigate working conditions at retail giants Amazon

..\..\3.2\Video and Audio\Amazon (BBC)

.mp4

Why is Amazon being criticised?-Low wages- High work pressure (increased risk of mental illness)

BBC investigate working conditions at retail giants Amazon

Do you often buy things online? What kind of things?

Was it always satisfactory? Have you had any problems?

Do you take into account the working conditions in a company when you buy their products?

What is, in your opinion, the solution to problems that Amazon’s employees face?

The Evolution of online shopping

..\..\3.2\Video and Audio\The Evolution of Online Shopping.mp4

-Take notes

-Retell the news report to your neighbour

The Evolution of online shopping

-US buy more prods thrgh Internet

- popul will sprd to othr countrs

- 1/10 of retail sls in US

- recrds in Nov & Dec

-57% of US bought sth electr

- trad strs: new ways to kp custs loyal + worry

- Prof McLaughlin: trad strs shld focs on clothing + prods diff to ship + repair electr prods

-Bill Martin, ShopperTrak: help strs learn abt custs + trad strs offr social exper & emotnl feeling + faster + use websts to attrct custs