Passive and Active Distribution Networks ESI...Dr.Tosak Thasananutariya Metropolitan Electricity Authority Passive and Active Distribution Networks Tosak Thasananutariya, Ph.D. Metropolitan

Dr.Tosak Thasananutariya Metropolitan Electricity Authority

Passive and Active Passive and Active Distribution NetworksDistribution Networks

Tosak Thasananutariya, Ph.D.Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA)November 26, 2008

TosakTosak ThasananutariyaThasananutariya, Ph.D., Ph.D.Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA)Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA)November 26, 2008November 26, 2008

ESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


ESI Conference 2008ESI Conference 2008ESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008

““อุตสาหกรรมไฟฟาในทศวรรษหนาอุตสาหกรรมไฟฟาในทศวรรษหนา””

““ESIESI inin thethe FutureFuture””


OutlineOutline

•• Classic electricity paradigmClassic electricity paradigm•• DG electricity paradigmDG electricity paradigm•• Evolution of distribution systemEvolution of distribution system•• Active distribution networkActive distribution network•• MicrogridMicrogrid ((µµGrid)Grid)



Classic electricity paradigmClassic electricity paradigmESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Passive distribution networkPassive distribution networkESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008

Transmission

G GGeneration

Distribution

Traditional one way supply system

Supply

Demand


Distributed generation electricity paradigmDistributed generation electricity paradigmESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Central vs. DGCentral vs. DGESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Driving forceDriving force

•• Governmental policyGovernmental policy•• Global warming and climate changeGlobal warming and climate change•• Energy efficient utilizationEnergy efficient utilization•• Electricity and heat loads Electricity and heat loads •• Reliability and power qualityReliability and power quality•• Emerging technologiesEmerging technologies



Government policyGovernment policyESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008

Cleaner & renewable sources of electricity generation


Government policy (cont.)Government policy (cont.)

•• By 2025, Obama would like By 2025, Obama would like 25% of U.S. electricity to be 25% of U.S. electricity to be generated from clean, generated from clean, renewable sources including renewable sources including wind, solar and geothermal wind, solar and geothermal with a Renewable Portfolio with a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS).Standard (RPS).

•• Obama calls for $150 billion Obama calls for $150 billion to be invested over 10 years to be invested over 10 years in clean energy and in clean energy and infrastructureinfrastructure to support it.to support it.



RE target in ThailandRE target in ThailandESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Global warming & climate changeGlobal warming & climate changeESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Energy efficient utilizationEnergy efficient utilizationESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Electricity and heat loadsElectricity and heat loadsESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


ReliabilityReliabilityESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008

North America power blackout


Power Quality: PQPower Quality: PQESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Cost of poor power qualityCost of poor power qualityESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Present and future architecture of electric power systemPresent and future architecture of electric power system



Evolution of distribution systemEvolution of distribution system•• The more DG devices penetrate the distribution The more DG devices penetrate the distribution

networks, the more these systems are expected to networks, the more these systems are expected to evolve towards transmissionevolve towards transmission--like architectureslike architectures



Evolution of distribution system (cont.)Evolution of distribution system (cont.)

•• Unlike transmission grids, the distribution Unlike transmission grids, the distribution networks have generally not been designed to networks have generally not been designed to operate in the presence of power injectionsoperate in the presence of power injections

•• Indeed, the distribution networks have been Indeed, the distribution networks have been developed with radial structures (especially at developed with radial structures (especially at low and medium voltage level) or with low and medium voltage level) or with meshed structures and radial operation meshed structures and radial operation (mostly at medium and high voltage level)(mostly at medium and high voltage level)



Evolution of distribution system (cont.)Evolution of distribution system (cont.)•• With an increasing DG penetration the situation is With an increasing DG penetration the situation is

changing and resulting in possible bichanging and resulting in possible bi--directional power directional power flows (flows (uniuni--directional power flows without DG)directional power flows without DG)



Active distribution networkActive distribution networkESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008

Traditional one way supply system

Supply

Demand

Transmission

G GGeneration

DistributionGG

Bidirectional supply system

Generation


Active distribution network (cont.)Active distribution network (cont.)•• The evolution shall be accompanied byThe evolution shall be accompanied by

an appropriate upgrade of the protection an appropriate upgrade of the protection schemesschemesintroduction, at different stages, of new soft introduction, at different stages, of new soft (ICT) and hard (power electronics(ICT) and hard (power electronics--based based devices) technologies for a more flexible devices) technologies for a more flexible system controlsystem control



Configuration of traditional & active distribution gridsConfiguration of traditional & active distribution grids


An example of the evolution of distribution architecture, from the traditional one towards the active distribution scheme


Basic scheme of distribution grid evolution processBasic scheme of distribution grid evolution processESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


PEAPEA--SCADA/EMS/DMSSCADA/EMS/DMSESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


MicrogridsMicrogrids•• MicrogridsMicrogrids comprise low voltage distribution comprise low voltage distribution

systems with distributed energy sources, storage systems with distributed energy sources, storage devices and controllable loads, operated connected devices and controllable loads, operated connected to the main power network or islanded, in a to the main power network or islanded, in a controlled, coordinated waycontrolled, coordinated way



MicrogridMicrogrid architecturearchitectureESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008

DMS

MC – Micro Source ControllerLC – Load Controller MGCC – MicroGrid Center Controller


MicrogridMicrogrid:: Hachinohe projectHachinohe project•• This project will produce electricity from This project will produce electricity from

100% renewable energy resources such as 100% renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic solar panels (PV) and wind photovoltaic solar panels (PV) and wind turbines (WT), gas engines utilizing methane turbines (WT), gas engines utilizing methane gas from a sewage treatment facility, and a gas from a sewage treatment facility, and a storage batterystorage battery

•• The maximum total capacity of energy The maximum total capacity of energy generated by the gas engine, PV and wind generated by the gas engine, PV and wind turbines will total 710 kWturbines will total 710 kW



MicrogridMicrogrid: : HachinoheHachinohe project (cont.)project (cont.)ESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008


Distributed power generation solutionsDistributed power generation solutionsESI Conference 2008, 26ESI Conference 2008, 26--27 November 200827 November 2008

Thank youThank youThank you

Passive and Active Distribution Networks ESI...Dr.Tosak Thasananutariya Metropolitan Electricity Authority Passive and Active Distribution Networks Tosak Thasananutariya, Ph.D. Metropolitan

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