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PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015
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PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Dec 30, 2015

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Page 1: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

PARTY SYSTEMSRyan D. Williamson

31 March 2015

Page 2: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Agenda

• Attendance• Return Exams • Lecture on parties• Reading for Thursday

Page 3: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Questions?

Page 4: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.
Page 5: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.
Page 6: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Objective

• Describe the structure and function of political parties.

• Describe how historical events shaped party institutions.

Page 7: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

What are Parties?

• Parties are groups who organize to win offices.• Parties are ubiquitous in democracies with strong legislatures.

• Parties organize political conflict.• Parties are complex political organizations.

Page 8: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.
Page 9: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Party in Government

• In most democracies, parties run the national government

• Legislation coalition are often not stable in the absence of parties• Policy cycles without parties

• Parties prevent cycling by agreeing to work together on legislation

Page 10: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Party as Organizations

• Parties as organizations work to elect candidates• Candidate selection through primaries• Fundraising• Mobilization of voters

Page 11: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Party Organization

• Democrats and Republicans have similar organizational structure• National committees• House and Senate committees• State, county, and city party organizations

• All have different roles, but same goal: electing party candidates

Page 12: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.
Page 13: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Party in the Electorate

• Both Democrats and Republicans have millions of followers who claim to be party members• Stable, psychological attachment to a party• Information shortcut for voters• “Running tally” of party leader performance

• Party is a powerful voting cue: especially straight ticket voting

Page 14: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

First Party System: 1796-1824

• Federalists (strong national government, Britain) vs. Democratic-Republicans (states’ rights, France)

• Federalists fall away due to lack of voter mobilization as population increased

Page 15: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Second Party System: 1832-1860

• Whigs emerge in 1830s to compete with Democratic-Republicans

• Split in Democratic-Republican party• Nationwide mobilization developed by Democratic-Republicans

• Ends in 1860, Whigs collapse due to division over slavery

Page 16: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Third Party System: 1860-1896

• Republicans emerge under Abraham Lincoln• Democrats survive Civil War and emerge with strong Southern base

• Republicans control Northeast and Midwest• Machine politics develops

Page 17: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Fourth Party System: 1896-1932

• 1896 election decisive victory for McKinley and Republicans

• Republicans dominate national politics in decades following 1896

• Progressive party emerges as the strongest “minor” party in history

Page 18: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Fifth Party System: 1932-1980

• New Deal party system emerges with Democrats and Franklin Roosevelt

• United large, disparate groups of voters under the Democratic label

• Dominate for many decades, frays as Southern whites move to Republican party

Page 19: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Sixth Party System: 1980-present

• South has switched to Republican• Urban areas and coasts Democratic• Strengthening of national parties• Parties have increasing polarization on major issues of the day

Page 20: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

Questions?

Page 21: PARTY SYSTEMS Ryan D. Williamson 31 March 2015. Agenda Attendance Return Exams Lecture on parties Reading for Thursday.

For next time…

• Read chapter 11 of Bullock and Gaddie