27 - 28 October 2015 Dubai, United Arab Emirates Partners for success: A decade of cooperation and still on fire Houeida Kammourié-Charara Chair, Lebanese Academic Library Consortium InfoCommons Librarian, LAU Gale Symposium: Middle East Partnering for Success
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Partners for success: A decade of cooperation and still on fire
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“Formal association of a number of organizations, usually in a specific geographical area, with agreed goals and objectives.
Services covered can include collection development, cataloguing, computer alliances, systems support, education and training, interlibrary loans, library automation, purchasing, etc.” Keenan, S., & Johnston, C. (2000).
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Consortia History1960s: Creation of union catalogs
Library Consortia flourish.
1970s: Interlibrary loans, joint storage, etc.
1980s: Automation
Stagnation period.
1990s: Re-flourishing of Consortia for electronic resources.
2000s: Consortium of Consortia.
2010s: Emergence of mobile devices and applications such as: Smart phones, e-book readers, iPads, and other handheld devices. Re-negotiation of existing deals (Turner, 2014)
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
LebaneseAcademicLibraryConsortium
LIDS
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
LALC “raison d’être” and more
To cope with changes that took place in the university environment in Lebanon.
To keep pace with users requests and expectations in academic libraries, mainly in the e-resources field.
“To cooperate in the selection, pricing negotiations and access methods of electronic resources in the best interest of the library users in an economical way for the library” (LALC mission).
In 2014 LALC started a new era ………….
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
LALC story
in 2001 University of Balamand invited major academic institutions in Lebanon to develop a library consortium of electronic resources.
Three private institutions replied to the UOB invitation, namely AUB, LAU and NDU (Board members). Jointly they formed LALC, the first Arab and Lebanese formal Academic Library Consortium.
LALC is the first Lebanese and Arab Library Consortium that joined ICOLC.
Administrative Structure• Each member library is represented by one librarian designated by the institution.
• The Consortium Coordinator is elected among LALC members for a period of three (3) years with
the possibility of renewal.
• Meetings are held on a rotation basis at the location of the member institutions.
• Budget planning, payments done on individual basis.
• Agreements before and after (?).
• No membership fees (?).
• Set procedures and guidelines for trialing, acquiring e-resources, & project proposals.
• In 2010 the Lebanese American University launched LALC website:http:lalc.lau.edu.lb
LALC is a “buying club” for e-resources
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Attracting New Members?
Among 8 institutions approached since 2008, 4 are now LALCers:
Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik (USEK)
Board Member since October 2015
Lebanese International University
Beirut Arab University
Lebanese University
Université Saint Joseph
Haigazian University
Antonine University, and
American University of Science and Technology
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
In 2002 a draft was prepared for LALC By-Laws.
This draft had never been approved and was replaced by a Letter of Agreement (LOA).
In May 3rd 2004, a formal LOA was signed between LALC members in which the parties agreed to establish a consortium under the name of "Lebanese Academic Library Consortium – LALC”. After 2 years of active work, LALC status was officially announced.
The 2008 LOA included USJ and USEK in addition to the board members.
The 2014 LOA included two additional members, namely BAU and HU, and it is still on fire.
Letter of Agreement
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Since 2014…LALC new trend
New era began with the renegotiation of the Big deals
packages.
According to Turner (2014, p.38) “Consortia are
focusing on renegotiating existing deals to derive some
savings to balance their shrinking budgets”.
Same for LALC
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Trigger
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Change of Management
Against sharing and helping
smaller institutions
Openness and renegotiation of
Big Deals packages
Old Management style
New Management style
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
How it started?
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Trends in e-resources world
Stabilized Acquisitions
Renewing existing products
Renegotiating licenses
TRENDY LALC is “renegotiating Big Deals e-
journal packages that often involve multiyear
licenses with escalating cost commitments”
(Turner, 2014, p. 38).
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Pricing
Charging a flat rate to the consortium, then LALC divides
the cost among its members.
Vendor determines what each participating library will pay
on the basis of use, full-time equivalent enrollment, etc.
(Turner, 2014, p. 42).
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Licensing
Who is signing the licenses? LALC Legal entity
Licensing electronic resources through other
consortia?
Subscription agents negotiate licenses on behalf
of LALC members?
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Invoicing
Vendors usually send invoices directly to the participating LALC
libraries for payment.
Agent pays vendor invoices and then charges back LALC
participating libraries.
For members also members of AMICAL, invoicing is
done via the consortium (Legal entity)
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Consortia Barriers Cost of participating in consortia
Loss of local autonomy over collection decisions
“Healthy” Competition between higher education
institutions
Developing equitable cost-sharing structures
Library staff spend more time than they do when
dealing directly with a publisher or vendor (Turner,
2014, p. 38).
More than one consortium
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Advantages
Break the taboo of “untouchable prices”
Negotiate from a position of strength
More discounts
Waive or stabilize price increases
Provide access to more content with less monies
Bargain better license terms
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Current Challenges
Balanced contribution: Small vs Big consortium members (in terms
of budget NOT FTE).
Sustainable commitment to collaborative e-resource acquisitions
Potential Solution: Creating a Nonmember libraries status for
libraries willing to participate in an e-resource product deal,
where they pay a fee for the service in addition to the shared
cost of the product (Turner, 2014, p. 41).
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Future Challenges
Sustainability AGAIN
e-book marketplace
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Not available in my Institution
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
Lebanese ILL/DD Services: LIDS
The idea of having an ILL/DDS service was first conceived by LALC in 2004, but didn’t succeed due to internal private reasons.
In October 1, 2007 The Lebanese ILL/DD Services (LIDS) was born and ILL/DDS policies and procedures were drafted.
The main goal of LIDS is to initiate processes & services to expand resource sharing, and to produce a union list of journal holdings of member institutions
Gale Symposium: Middle East
Partnering for Success
ILL/DDS at LAU
2007 LIDS: Lebanon-Requests via form among 10 institutions.
2008 WorldShare: Int’l- All countries members in OCLC
2008 AMICAL: France-Requests via emails among 25 members3 active members only (non members of OCLC)