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Sample Question Paper
Accountancy (055): Class XII: 2017-18
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1) This question paper contains two parts- A and B.
2) Part A is compulsory for all.
3) Part B has two options- Analysis of Financial Statements and
Computerised Accounting.
4) Attempt any one option of Part B.
5) All parts of a question should be attempted at one place.
Part A
(Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies)
1. Six friends started a partnership business by investing Rs.
2,00,000 each. They decided to
share profit equally. Name the terms by which they will be
called individually and
collectively. 1
Solution: Individually: Partners
Collectively: Firm
2. A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in the
ratio of 3 : 2 : 1. B was guaranteed a
profit of Rs. 2,00,000. During the year the firm earned a profit
of Rs. 84,000. Calculate the
net amount of Profit / Loss transferred to the capital accounts
of A and C.1
Solution: Net Amount of Loss transferred to:
As Capital Account: Rs. 87,000
Cs Capital Account: Rs. 29,000
3. H, P and S were partners in a firm sharing profits in the
ratio of 4 : 3 : 3. On August 1, 2017, P
died. His 20 % share was acquired by H and remaining by S.
Calculate the new profit sharing
ratio. 1
Solution: Ratio of H, P and S is 4 : 3 : 3
Hs Gain = 3/10 X 20 /100 = 3 /50
Hs new share = Hs old share + Hs Gain
= 4/10 + 3/50 = 23/50
Ss Gain = 3/10 X 80 /100 = 12 /50
Ss new share = Ss old share + Ss Gain
= 3/10 + 12/50 = 27/50
New Profit sharing Ratio of H and S is 23 : 27
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4. How is dissolution of partnership different from dissolution
of partnership firm? 1
Solution: In case of dissolution of partnership, the firm
continue to do business but with a changed
agreement. In case of dissolution of partnership firm, the firm
ceases to exist, the assets of the firm
are realised and its liabilities are discharged. 1
5. Why are irredeemable debentures also known as perpetual
debentures?1
Solution: Irredeemable debentures are called perpetual
debentures because these are not
repayable during the life span of the company. 1
6. Distinguish between shares and debentures on the basis of
convertibility.1
Solution: Shares cannot be converted into debentures or any
other security whereas the debentures
can be converted into shares or new debentures if the terms so
provide. 1
7. K K Limited obtained a loan of Rs. 10,00,000 from State Bank
of India @ 9 % interest. The
company issued Rs. 15,00,000, 9 % debentures of Rs. 100/- each,
in favour of State Bank of
India as collateral security. Pass necessary Journal entries for
the above transactions:
(i) When company decided not to record the issue of 9 %
Debentures as collateral
security.
(ii) When company decided to record the issue of 9 % Debentures
as collateral security.
3
Solution: (i) K K Limited
Journal
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.) Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Bank Account Dr. To Bank Loan Account (Obtained loan from State
Bank of India @ 9 %.)
10,00,000
10,00,000
1
(ii) K K Limited
Journal
1+1
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.)
Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Bank Account Dr. To Bank Loan Account ( Obtained loan from State
Bank of India @ 9 %.)
10,00,000
15,00,000
10,00,000
15,00,000
Debenture Suspense Account Dr. To 9 % Debentures Account (Issued
9 % Debentures as collateral security in favour of State Bank of
India)
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8. P, Q and R were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2 :
2 : 1. The firm closes its books on
March 31 every year. On June 30, 2017, R died. The following
information is provided on Rs
death:
(i) Balance in his capital account in the beginning of the year
was Rs. 6,50,000.
(ii) He withdrew Rs. 60,000 on May 15, 2017 for his personal
use.
On the date of death of a partner the partnership deed provided
for the following:
(a) Interest on capital @ 10 % per annum.
(b) Interest on drawings @ 12 % per annum.
(c) His share in the profit of the firm till the date of death,
to be calculated on the basis of the
rate of Net Profit on Sales of the previous year, which was 25
%. The Sales of the firm till
June 30, 2017 were Rs. 6,00,000.
Prepare Rs Capital Account on his death to be presented to his
executors.3
Solution:
Rs Capital Account
Date 2017
Particulars JF Amount (Rs)
Date 2017
Particulars JF Amount (Rs)
Jun 30 Jun 30 Jun 30
To Drawings A/C To Interest on Drawings A/C To Rs Executors
A/c
60,000 900
6,35,350
Apr 1 Jun 30 Jun 30
By Balance b/d By Interest on Capital A/c By Profit & Loss
Suspense A/C
6,50,000 16,250 30,000
6,96,250 6,96,250
X 6 = 3
Note: mark may be deducted if the dates are not correctly
recorded.
9. M M Limited is registered with an Authorised capital of Rs.
200 Crores divided into equity
shares of Rs. 100 each. On 1st April 2016 the Subscribed and
Called up capital of the
company is Rs. 10,00,00,000. The company decided to help the
unemployed youth of the
naxal affected areas of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Odisha
by opening 100 Skill
Development Centres. The company also decided to provide free
medical services to the
villagers of these states by starting mobile dispensaries. To
meet the capital expenditure of
these activities the company further issued 1,00,000 equity
shares during financial year
2016-17. These shares were fully subscribed and paid.
Present the share capital of the company in its Balance Sheet.
Also identify any two
values that the company wants to propagate. 3
Solution: M M Limited
Balance Sheet
as at (Rs. In Crores)
Particulars Note Number
31-03-2017 Rs.
31-03-2016 Rs.
I. Equity and Liabilities 1. Shareholders Funds a) Share
Capital
1
11
10
1
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Notes to Accounts:
Note Number 1 (Rs. In Crores)
Particulars 31-03-2017 Rs.
Share Capital: Authorised Capital 2,00,00,000 Equity Shares of
Rs. 100 each Issued Capital 11,00,000 Equity shares of Rs. 100 each
Subscribed Capital Subscribed and Fully paid 11,00,000 Equity
shares of Rs. 100 each
Share Capital
200
11
11
11
1
Values: Generation of Employment opportunities in backward
areas.
Providing Healthcare/Medical facilities in rural areas. Or any
other value 1
10. V K Limited purchased machinery from Modern Equipment
Manufacturers Limited. The
company paid the vendors by issue of some equity shares and
debentures and the balance
through an acceptance in their favour payable after three
months. The accountant of the
company, while Journalising the above mentioned transactions,
left some items blank. You
are required to fill in the blanks.3
V K Limited
Journal
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.)
Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Machinery Account Dr. To (Purchased machinery for Rs. 7,00,000
from Modern Equipment Manufacturers Limited )
..
.
.
..
Modern Equipment Manufacturers Ltd. A/C Dr. Loss on Issue of 9 %
Debentures Account Dr. To .. To .. To Securities Premium Reserve
Account To Premium on Redemption of Debentures A/C (Issued Rs.
1,00,000 9 % debentures at a discount of 10 % redeemable at a
premium of 10 % and 50,000 equity shares of Rs. 10 each issued at a
premium of 15 %)
. Dr. To ()
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Solution:
V K Limited
Journal
1 + 1 +1 = 3
11. E, F and G were partners in a firm sharing profits in the
ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. On March 31, 2017, their
firm was dissolved. On the date of dissolution, the Balance
Sheet of the firm was as follows:
Balance Sheet
as at March 31, 2017
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Capitals:
E 1,30,000
F 1,00,000
Creditors
Outstanding Expenses
2,30,000
45,000
17,000
Gs Capital
Profit & Loss Account
Land & Building
Furniture
Machinery
Debtors
Bank
500
10,000
1,00,000
50,000
90,000
36,500
5,000
2,92,000 2,92,000
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.)
Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Machinery Account Dr. To Modern Equipment Manufacturers Limited
(Purchased machinery for Rs. 7,00,000 from Modern Equipment
Manufacturers Limited )
7,00,000
6,65,000 20,000
35,000
7,00,000
1,00,000 5,00,000
75,000 10,000
35,000
Modern Equipment Manufacturers Ltd. A/C Dr. Loss on Issue of 9 %
Debentures Account Dr. To 9 % Debentures Account To Equity Share
Capital Account To Securities Premium Reserve Account To Premium on
Redemption of Debentures A/C (Issued Rs. 1,00,000 9 % debentures at
a discount of 10 %,redeemable at a premium of 10 % and 50,000
equity shares of Rs. 10 each issued at a premium of 15 %)
Modern Equipment Manufacturers Ltd. A/C Dr. To Bills Payable
Account (Acceptance given to Modern Equipment Manufacturers
Limited)
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F was appointed to undertake the process of dissolution for
which he was allowed a
remuneration of Rs. 5,000. F agreed to bear the dissolution
expenses. Assets realized as
follows:
(i) The Land & Building was sold for Rs. 1,08,900.
(ii) Furniture was sold at 25% of book value.
(iii) Machinery was sold as scrap for Rs. 9,000.
(iv) All the Debtors were realized at full value.
Creditors were payable on an average of 3 months from the date
of dissolution. On discharging the
Creditors on the date of dissolution, they allowed a discount of
5%.
Pass necessary Journal entries for dissolution in the books of
the firm.4
Solution: E, F and G
Journal
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.) Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Realisation Account Dr. To Land & Building Account To
Furniture Account To Machinery Account To Debtors Account
(Individual Assets accounts closed by transferring their balances
to Realisation Account)
2,76,500
45,000 17,000
1,66,900
59,750
5,000
44,940 44,940 22,470
1,00,000
50,000 90,000 36,500
62,000
1,66,900
59,750
5,000
1,12,350
Creditors Account Dr. Outstanding Expenses Account Dr. To
Realisation Account (Individual External Liabilities Accounts
closed by transferring their balances to Realisation Account)
Bank Account Dr. To Realisation Account ( Assets realized and
debtors collected)
Realisation Account Dr. To Bank Account (Creditors paid at a
discount of 5% and payment of outstanding expenses)
Realisation Account Dr. To Fs Capital Account (Remuneration paid
to F for undertaking dissolution process)
Es Capital Account Dr. Fs Capital Account Dr. Gs Capital Account
Dr. To Realisation Account (Loss on Realisation transferred to
partners Capital Accounts)
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Es Capital Account Dr. Fs Capital Account Dr. Gs Capital Account
Dr. To Profit & Loss Account (Profit & Loss Account
transferred to partners Capital Accounts)
4,000 4,000 2,000
24,970
81,060 56,060
10,000
24,970
1,37,120
Bank Account Dr. To Gs Capital Account ( Final payment received
from G)
Es Capital Account Dr. Fs Capital Account Dr. To Bank Account (
Final payment made to E and F)
4
12. A, B & C were partners in a firm sharing profits &
losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1. On March 31,
2017, their Balance Sheet was as follows:
Balance Sheet
as at March 31, 2017
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Capitals:
A 50,000
B 40,000
C 30,000
Reserve Fund
Creditors
Employees Provident Fund
1,20,000
18,000
27,000
50,000
Fixed Assets
Current Assets
1,80,000
35,000
2,15,000 2,15,000
From April 1, 2017, they decided to share future profits
equally. For this purpose the followings were
agreed upon:
(i) Goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 3,00,000.
(ii) Fixed Assets will be depreciated by 10%.
(iii) Capitals of the partners will be in proportion to their
new profit sharing
ratio. For this purpose, Current Accounts will be opened.
Pass necessary Journal entries for the above transactions in the
books of the firm. 4
Solution: A, B and C
Journal
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.) Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Cs Capital Account Dr. To As Capital Account (Treatment of
goodwill due to change in profit
50,000
50,000
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sharing ratio) 18,000
18,000
9,000 6,000 3,000
60,000
60,000
9,000 6,000 3,000
18,000
18,000
60,000
60,000
Reserve Fund Account Dr. To As Capital Account To Bs Capital
Account To Cs Capital Account (Reserve Fund transferred to partners
capital accounts in their old profit sharing ratio)
Revaluation Account Dr. To Fixed Assets Account (Revaluation of
fixed assets on change in profit sharing ratio)
As Capital Account Dr. Bs Capital Account Dr. Cs Capital Account
Dr. To Revaluation Account (Loss on revaluation transferred to
partners capital accounts)
As Capital Account Dr. To As Current Account ( Adjustment of
capital by opening of current account)
Cs Current Account Dr. To Cs Capital Account (Adjustment of
capital by opening of current account)
4
13. L, M and N are partners in a firm sharing profits &
losses in the ratio of 2 : 3 : 5.
On April 1, 2016 their fixed capitals were Rs. 2,00,000, Rs.
3,00,000 and Rs. 4,00,000 respectively.
Their partnership deed provided for the following:
(i) Interest on capital @ 9% per annum.
(ii) Interest on Drawings @ 12% per annum.
(iii) Interest on partners loan @ 12% per annum.
On July 1, 2016, L brought Rs. 1,00,000 as additional capital
and N withdrew Rs. 1,00,000 from his
capital. During the year L, M and N withdrew Rs. 12,000, Rs.
18,000 and Rs. 24,000 respectively for
their personal use. On January 1, 2017 the firm obtained a Loan
of Rs. 1,50,000 from M. The Net
profit of the firm for the year ended March 31, 2017 after
charging interest on Ms Loan was Rs.
85,000.
Prepare Profit & Loss Appropriation Account and Partners
Capital Account.6
Solution: Profit & Loss Appropriation Account
for the year ended March 31, 2017
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
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To Interest on Capital: Ls Current Account 24,750 Ms Current
Account 27,000 Ns Current Account 29,250 To Profit transferred to
Partners Current Accounts L 1,448 M 2,172 N 3,620
81,000
7,240
By Profit & Loss Account- Net Profit b/d By Interest on
Partners Drawings Ls Current Account 720 Ms Current Account 1,080
Ns Current Account 1,440
85,000
3,240
88,240 88,240
4
Partners Capital Account
Date Particulars L M N Date Particulars L M N 2016 Jul 1 2017
Mar 31
To Bank Account To Balance c/d
3,00,000
3,00,000
1,00,000
3,00,000
2016 Apr 1 Jul 1
By Balance b/d By Bank Account
2,00,000 1,00,000
3,00,000
4,00,000
3,00,000 3,00,000 4,00,000 3,00,000 3,00,000 4,00,000
2
14. Himanshu and Vikrant are partners in a firm and share
profits equally. Their Balance Sheet as on
March 31, 2017 is as follows:
Balance Sheet
as at March 31, 2017
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Capitals:
Himanshu 2,00,000
Vikrant 1,40,000
Creditors
3,40,000
60,000
Fixed Assets
Current Assets
3,60,000
40,000
4,00,000 4,00,000
During the year 2016-17, Himanshus Drawings were Rs. 30,000 and
Vikrants Drawings were Rs.
40,000. During the year 2016-17 the firm earned profits ofRs.
1,00,000. While distributing profits for
the year 2016-17, interest on capital @ 5 % per annum and
interest on drawings @ 12 % per annum
were ignored.
Showing your workings clearly, pass necessary rectifying entry.
6
Solution: Statement of Opening Capital
Particulars Himanshu Vikrant
Closing Capital Add: Drawings Less: Profit already Distributed
Opening Capital
2,00,000 30,000
1,40,000 40,000
2,30,000 50,000
1,80,000 50,000
1,80,000 1,30,000
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2
Statement Showing Adjustment
Himanshu Vikrant Total
5 % Interest on Capital (Cr.) 9,000 6,500 15,500
12 % Interest on Drawings (Dr.) 1,800 2,400 4,200
Profit to be recovered (Dr.) 5,650 5,650 11,300
Total (Dr.) 7,450 8,050 15,500
Adjustment 1,550(Cr.)1,550 (Dr.) 3
Journal
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.) Cr. Amount (Rs.)
2017 Apr 1
Vikrants Capital Account Dr. To Himanshus Capital Account
(Adjustment of interest on Capital and interest on drawings for
previous year)
1,550 1,550
1
15. On April 1, 2013, XY Limited issued Rs. 9,00,000 10%
debentures at a discount of 9%. The
debentures were to be redeemed in three equal annual instalments
starting from March 31, 2015.
Prepare Discount on Issue of Debenture Account for the first
three years starting from April 1,
2013. Also show your workings clearly. 6
Solution:
Discount on Issue of 10 % Debentures Account
Date
Particulars JF Amount (Rs)
Date
Particulars JF Amount (Rs)
2013 Apr 1
2014 Apr 1
2015 Apr 1
To 10 % Debentures A/C
To Balance b/d To Balance b/d
81,000
2014 Mar 31 2015 Mar 31 2016 Mar 31
By Statement of Profit & Loss
By Balance c/d By Statement of Profit & Loss
By Balance c/d By Statement of Profit & Loss
By Balance c/d
27,000 54,000
81,000 81,000
54,000
27,000 27,000
54,000 54,000
27,000
18,000
9,000
27,000 27,000
1.5+1.5+1.5=4.5
Working Notes 1.5
Year ended Debentures Outstanding
Ratio Discount amount written off
31 March 2013 9,00,000 3 3/9x 81000 = 27,000
31 March 2014 9,00,000 3 3/9x 81000 = 27,000
31 March 2015 6,00,000 2 2/9x 81000 = 18,000
31 March 2016 3,00,000 1 1/9x 81000 = 9,000
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16. ZX Limited invited applications for issuing 5,00,000 Equity
shares of Rs. 10 each payable at a
premium of Rs. 10 each payable with Final call. Amount per share
was payable as follows:
Rs.
On Application 2
On Allotment 3
On First Call 2
On Second & Final Call Balance
Applications for 8,00,000 shares were received. Applications for
50,000 shares were rejected
and the application money was refunded. Allotment was made to
the remaining applicants as
follows:
Category Number of Shares Applied Number of Shares Allotted
I 2,00,000 1,50,000
II 5,50,000 3,50,000
Excess application money received with applications was adjusted
towards sums due on
allotment. Balance, if any was adjusted towards future calls.
Govind, a shareholder belonging to
category I, to whom 1,500 shares were allotted, paid his entire
share money with allotment.
Manohar belonging to category II, who had applied for 11,000
shares failed to pay Second & Final
Call money. Manohars shares were forfeited after the final call.
The forfeited shares were reissued
at Rs. 10 per share as fully paid up.
Assuming that the company maintains Calls in Advance Account and
Calls in Arrears
Account, pass necessary Journal entries for the above
transactions in the books of ZX Limited. 8
OR
(a) AX Limited forfeited 6,000 shares of Rs. 10 each for
non-payment of First call of Rs. 2 per
share. The Final call of Rs. 3 per share was yet to be made. The
Final call was made after
Forfeited of these shares. Of the forfeited shares, 4,000 shares
were reissued at Rs. 9 per
share as fully paid up.Assuming that the company maintains Calls
in Advance Account and
Calls in Arrears Account, prepare Share Forfeited Account in the
books of AX Limited.
(b) BG Limited issued 2,00,000 equity shares of Rs. 20 each at a
premium of Rs. 5 per share. The
shares were allotted in the proportion of 5 : 4 of shares
applied and allotted to all the
applicants. Deepak, who had applied for 900 shares, failed to
pay Allotment money of Rs. 7
per share (including premium) and on his failure to pay First
& Final Call of Rs. 2 per share,
his shares were forfeited. 400 of the forfeited shares were
reissued at Rs. 15 per share as
fully paid up.Showing your working clearly, pass necessary
Journal entries for the Forfeited
and reissue of Deepaks shares in the books of BG Limited. The
company maintains Calls in
Arrears Account.
(c) ML Limited forfeited 1,200 shares of Rs. 10 each allotted to
Ravi for Non-payment of Second
& Final Call of Rs. 5 per share (including premium of Rs. 2
per share). The forfeited shares
were reissued for Rs. 10,800 as fully paid up. Pass necessary
Journal entries for reissue of
shares in the books of ML Limited.
Solution: Journal
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount Cr. Amount
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8
OR
(a) Share Forfeited Account
Date
Particulars JF Amount (Rs.)
Date
Particulars JF Amount (Rs.)
(Rs.) (Rs.)
Bank Account Dr. To Equity Share Application Account
(Application money received )
16,00,000
16,00,000
15,00,000
10,22,500
10,00,000
9,97,000 3,000
65,00,000
63,89,500 19,500 91,000
70,000 70,000
70,000
49,000
16,00,000
10,00,000 5,00,000 1,00,000
15,00,000
10,00,000 22,500
10,00,000
10,00,000
15,00,000 50,00,000
65,00,000
49,000 91,000
70,000
49,000
Equity Share Application Account Dr. To Equity Share Capital
Account To Equity Share Allotment Account To Bank Account
(Application money transferred to Equity Share Capital account,
Equity Share Allotment account and remaining amount refunded)
Equity Share Allotment Account Dr. To Equity Share Capital
Account (Allotment money due on 5,00,000 equity shares @ Rs. 3
each)
Bank Account Dr. To Equity Share Allotment Account To Calls in
Advance Account (Allotment money received along with Calls in
Advance on 1,500 Shares)
Equity Share First Call Account Dr. To Equity Share Capital
Account (First Call money due on 5,00,000 equity shares @ Rs. 2
each)
Bank Account Dr. Calls in Advance Account Dr. To Equity Share
First Call Account (First call money received)
Equity Share Final Call Account Dr. To Equity Share Capital
Account To Securities Premium Reserve Account
(Final Call money due on 5,00,000 equity shares @ Rs. 13 each
including premium of Rs. 10 each)
Bank Account Dr. Calls in Advance Account Dr. Call in Arrears
Account Dr. To Equity Share Final Call Account (Final call money
received)
Equity Share Capital Account Dr. Securities Premium Reserve
Account Dr. To Share Forfeited Account To Calls in Arrears Account
( Manohars Shares forfeited )
Bank Account Dr. To Equity Share Capital Account (Forfeited
Shares of Manohar re-issued)
Share Forfeited Account Dr. To Capital Reserve Account (Share
forfeited account transferred to capital reserve account)
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To Share Capital Account To Capital Reserve A/C To Balance
c/d
4,000 16,000 10,000
By Share Capital A/C
30,000
30,000 30,000
X 4 =2
(b) Journal
Working Notes:
(i) Since the Shares are allotted in the proportion of 5 : 4,
therefore for 900 applied shares,
shares allotted are 4/5 X 900 = 720 Shares.
(ii) Application Money Received on 900 Shares = 900 X 16 =
14,400
Amount adjusted on Application = 720 X 16 =11,520
Amount to be adjusted on Allotment = 2,880
(iii) Allotment Money due on 720 Shares = 720 X 7 = 5,040
Less: Already received = 2,880
Allotment Money not received = 2,160
(iv) Calls in Arrears:
Allotment Money = 2,160
First & Final Call Money = 1,440
3,600
(1 mark for each correct Journal Entry and 1 mark for Working
Notes)
(c) Journal
1 X 2 = 2
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.)
Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Share Capital Account Dr. Securities Premium Reserve Dr. To
Share Forfeited Account To Calls in Arrears Account ( 720 Shares
forfeited )
14,400 2,160
6,000 2,000
5,200
12,960 3,600
8,000
5,200
Bank Account Dr. Share Forfeited Account Dr. To Share Capital
Account ( 400 Shares re-issued @ Rs. 15 each)
Share Forfeited Account Dr. To Capital Reserve Account (Gain on
re-issue of forfeited shares transferred to capital reserve
account)
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.)
Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Bank Account Dr. Share Forfeited Account Dr. To Share Capital
Account (1,200 Shares re-issued for Rs. 10,800 as fully paid
up)
10,800 1,200
7,200
12,000
7,200
Share Forfeited Account Dr. To Capital Reserve Account (Gain on
re-issue of forfeited shares transferred to capital reserve
account)
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17. A, B & C were partners in a firm sharing profits &
losses in proportion to their fixed capitals. Their
Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2017 was as follows:
Balance Sheet
as at March 31, 2017
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Capitals:
A 5,00,000
B 3,00,000
C 2,00,000
General Reserve
Creditors
Outstanding Salary
Bs Loan
10,00,000
75,000
23,000
7,000
15,000
Bank
Stock
Debtors 15,000
Less: Provision for Doubtful Debts 1,500
As Loan
Plant & Machinery
Land & Building
Profit & Loss Account (For the year ending
31st March 2017)
21,000
9,000
13,500
35,500
2,00,000
6,00,000
2,41,000
11,20,000 11,20,000
On the date of above Balance Sheet, C retired from the firm on
the following terms:
(i) Goodwill of the firm will be valued at two years purchase of
the Average Profits of last three
years. The Profits for the year ended March 31, 2015 & March
31, 2016 were Rs. 4,00,000&Rs.
3,00,000 respectively.
(ii) Provision for Bad Debts will be maintained at 5% of the
Debtors.
(iii) Land & Building will be appreciated by Rs. 90,000 and
Plant & Machinery Will be reduced to Rs.
1,80,000.
(iv) A agreed to repay his Loan.
(v) The loan repaid by A was to be utilized to pay C. The
balance of the amount payable to C was
transferred to his Loan Account bearing interest @ 12% per
annum.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners Capital Accounts, Partners
Current Accounts and the
Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm. 8
OR
P & K were partners in a firm. On March 31, 2017 their
Balance Sheet was as follows:
Balance Sheet
as at March 31, 2017
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Capitals:
P 3,00,000
Bank
Stock
18,000
19,000
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K 2,00,000
General Reserve
Creditors
Outstanding Expenses
Cs Loan
Profit & Loss Account (Profit for 2016-17)
5,00,000
1,00,000
50,000
8,000
1,20,000
55,000
Debtors 22,000
Less: Provision for Doubtful Debts 1,500
Unexpired Insurance
Shares in X Limited
Plant & Machinery
Land & Building
20,500
5,000
65,000
1,45,500
5,60,000
8,33,000 8,33,000
On April 1, 2017, they decided to admit C as a new partner for
1/4th share in profits on
the following terms:
(i) Cs Loan will be converted into his capital.
(ii) C will bring his share of goodwill premium by cheque.
Goodwill of the firm will be
calculated on the basis of Average Profits of previous three
years. Profits for the
year ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016 were Rs. 55,000 and
Rs.
1,00,000 respectively.
(iii) 10% depreciation will be charged on Plant & Machinery
and Land & Building will
be appreciated by 5%.
(iv) Capitals of P & K will be adjusted on the basis Cs
capital. Adjustments be done
through bank and in case required overdraft facility be
availed.
Pass necessary Journal entries on Cs admission. 8
Solution:Revaluation Account
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
To Plant & Machinery To Profit transferred to Partners
Current Accounts A 35,375 B 21,225 C 14,150
20,000
70,750
By Provision for Doubtful Debts By Land & Building
750 90,000
90,750 90,750
Partners Current Accounts
Date Particulars A B C Date Particulars A B C 2017 Mar 31
To Cs Current Account To Profit & Loss A/C To Cs Capital
Account
38,250 1,20,500
22,950 72,300
48,200 42,150
2017 Mar 31
By Revaluation Account By As Current Account By Bs Current
Account By General Reserve By Balance c/d
35,375
37,500 85,875
21,225
22,500 51,525
14,150 38,250 22,950 15,000
1,58,750 95,250 90,350 1,58,750 95,250 90,350
-
Partners Capital Accounts
Date Particulars A B C Date Particulars A B C 2017 Mar 31
To Bank Account To Cs Loan Account To Balance c/d
5,00,000
3,00,000
35,500 2,06,650
2017 Mar 31
By Balance b/d By Cs Current Account
5,00,000
3,00,000
2,00,000 42,150
5,00,000 3,00,000 2,42,150 5,00,000 3,00,000 2,42,150
Balance Sheet
as at March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount (Rs.)
Assets Amount (Rs.)
Capitals: A 5,00,000 B 3,00,000 Cs Loan Creditors Outstanding
Salary Bs Loan
8,00,000 2,06,650
23,000 7,000
15,000
Bank Stock Debtors 15,000 Less: Provision for D. Debts 750 Plant
& Machinery Land & Building As Current Account Bs Current
Account
21,000 9,000
14,250
1,80,000 6,90,000
85,875 51,525
10,51,650 10,51,650
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8
OR
Journal
Date Particulars L F Dr. Amount (Rs.) Cr. Amount (Rs.)
Cs Loan Account Dr. To Cs Capital Account (Cs Loan account
transferred to his capital account)
1,20,000
17,500
17,500
14,550
28,000
13,450
1,20,000
17,500
8,750 8,750
14,550
28,000
6,725 6,725
Bank Account Dr. To Premium for Goodwill Account (New partner C
brings in his share of goodwill)
Premium for Goodwill Account Dr. To Ps Capital Account To Ks
Capital Account (Premium for Goodwill transferred to old partners
capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio)
Revaluation Account Dr. To Plant & Machinery Account
(Revaluation of Plant & Machinery on admission of new
partner)
Land & Building Account Dr. To Revaluation Account
(Revaluation of Land & Building on admission of new partner
)
Revaluation Account Dr. To Ps Capital Account To Ks Capital
Account (Profit on revaluation transferred to partners capital
accounts)
-
General Reserve Account Dr. To Ps Capital Account To Ks Capital
Account (General Reserve transferred to partners capital
account)
1,00,000
55,000
2,12,975 1,12,975
50,000 50,000
27,500 27,500
3,25,950
Profit & Loss Account Dr. To Ps Capital Account To Ks
Capital Account (Profit & Loss account transferred to partners
capital account)
Ps Capital Account Dr. Ks Capital Account Dr. To Bank Account
(Cash paid to P and K for adjustment of capital)
8
Part B
Option I
(Analysis of Financial Statements)
18. Give any two examples of cash inflows from operating
activities other than cash receipts from
sale of goods & rendering of services.1
Solution: Any two of the followings:
(i) Royalties
(ii) Commission Received
(iii) Sale of Scrap
X 2 = 1
19. P P Limited is Share Broker Company. G G Limited is engaged
in manufacturing of packaged food.
P P Limited purchased 5,000 equity shares of Rs. 100 each of
Savita Limited. G G Limited also
purchased 10,000 equity shares of Rs. 100 each of Savita
Limited.
For the purpose of preparing their respective Cash Flow
Statements, under which category
ofactivities the purchase of shares will be classified by P P
Limited and G G Limited? 1
Solution: For P P Limited: Investing Activity
For G G Limited: Investing Activity
20. M K Limited is a computer hardware manufacturing company.
While preparing its accounting
records it takes into consideration the various accounting
principles and maintains transparency. At
the end of the accounting year, the company follows the
Companies Act, 2013 and Rules
thereunder for the preparation of its Financial Statements. It
also prepares its Income Statement
and Balance Sheet as per the format provided in Schedule III to
the Act. Its Financial Statements
depict its true & fair financial position. For the financial
year ending March 31, 2017, the accountant
of the company is not certain about the presentation of the
following items under relevant Major
Heads & Sub Heads, if any, in its Balance Sheet:
(i) Securities Premium Reserve
-
(ii) Calls in Advance
(iii) Stores & Spares
(a) Advice the accountant of the company under which Major Heads
and Sub Heads, if any, he
should present the above items in the Balance Sheet of the
company,
(b) List any two values that the company is observing in the
maintenance of its accounting records
and preparation of its financial statements.4
Solution: (a)
S. No. Items Major Head Sub Head (i) Securities Premium Reserve
Shareholders Funds Reserves & Surplus
(ii) Calls in Advance Current Liabilities Other Current
Liabilities
(iii) Stores & Spares Current Assets Inventory
3
(b) Any two of the following values: Transparency, Honesty,
Abiding the Law. (Or any other relevant
value) 1
21. For the year ended March 31, 2017, Net Profit after tax of K
X Limited was Rs. 6,00,000. The
company has Rs. 40,00,000 12% Debentures of Rs. 100 each.
Calculate Interest Coverage Ratio
assuming 40% tax rate. State its significance also. Will the
Interest Coverage Ratio change if during
the year 2017-18, the company decides to redeem debentures of
Rs. 5,00,000 and expects to
maintain the same rate of Net Profit and assume that the Tax
rate will not change. 4
Solution: Interest Coverage Ratio= Net Profit before Interest
and Tax/ Interest on Long Term Debts
Net Profit after Tax = Rs. 6,00,000Tax Rate = 40 %
Net Profit before tax = 100/(100 Tax) X Net Profit after tax
= 100/ 60 X 6,00,000 = 10,00,000
Net Profit before Interest & Tax = Net Profit before tax +
Interest on Long Term Debts
= 10,00,000 + 4,80,000 = 14,80,000
Interest Coverage Ratio= Net Profit before Interest and Tax /
Interest on Long Term Debts 1
= 14,80,000 / 4,80,000 = 3.08 Times 1
Significance of Interest Coverage Ratio: It reveals the number
of times Interest on Long Term Debts
is covered by the profits available. A higher ratio ensures
safety of interest on Long Term Debts. 1
The Interest coverage ratio will improve if the company decides
to redeem Rs. 5,00,000 debentures
assuming that Net Profit after interest and the tax rate will be
same. 1
22. Following is the Statement of Profit & Loss of X L
Limited for the year ended March 31, 2017:
Statement of Profit & Loss
for the year ended March 31, 2017
Particulars Notes to Accounts
2015-16 Amount (Rs.)
2016-17 Amount (Rs.)
Revenue from Operations Expenses:
50,00,000
80,00,000
-
(a) Employee Benefit Expenses: 10 % of Revenue from Operations
(b) Other Expenses
10,00,000
12,00,000
Tax Rate 40 %
Prepare Comparative Statement of Profit & Loss of X L
Limited.4
Solution: X L Limited
Comparative Statement of Profit & Loss
for the year ended March 31, 2016 and 2017
Particulars 2015-16 Amount
(Rs.)
2016-17 Amount
(Rs.)
Absolute Change (Rs.)
% age Change
Revenue from Operations Expenses: (a) Employee Benefit Expenses:
10 % of Revenue from Operations (b) Other Expenses Net Profit
before Tax Less: Tax Net Profit after Tax
50,00,000
5,00,000 10,00,000
80,00,000
8,00,000 12,00,000
30,00,000
3,00,000 2,00,000
25,00,000 10,00,000 15,00,000
60
60 20
71.43 71.43 71.43
35,00,000 14,00,000
60,00,000 24,00,000
21,00,000 36,00,000
(1 mark for each column)4
23. From the following Balance Sheet of Ajanta Limited as on
March 31, 2017, prepare a Cash Flow
Statement:
Particulars Note Number
31-3-2017 (Rs.)
31-3-2016 (Rs.)
I.Equity and Liabilities (1) Shareholders Funds (a) Equity Share
Capital (b) Reserves and Surplus
(2) Non- Current Liabilities Long-Term Borrowings- 9 %
Debentures
(3) Current Liabilities (a) Trade Payables (b) Other Current
Liabilities
1
2 3
10,00,000 2,40,000
3,20,000
1,80,000 1,80,000
10,00,000 1,20,000
2,40,000
2,40,000 1,60,000
Total 19,20,000 17,60,000
II. Assets (1) Non-Current Assets
(a) Fixed Assets Tangible Assets
(b) Non-Current Investments
(2) Current Assets (a) Inventories (b) Trade Receivables (c)
Cash and Cash Equivalents
4 5
13,40,000 2,40,000
1,20,000 1,60,000
60,000
12,00,000 1,60,000
1,60,000 1,60,000
80,000
Total 19,20,000 17,60,000
Notes to Accounts
Note Number
Particulars 31-3-2017 (Rs.)
31-3-2016 (Rs.)
-
1
2
3
4
5
Reserves and Surplus General Reserve Balance in Statement of
Profit & Loss
1,20,000 1,20,000
1,20,000
2,40,000 1,20,000
Trade Payables Creditors Bills Payable
1,40,000
40,000
1,20,000 1,20,000
1,80,000 2,40,000
Other Current Liabilities Outstanding Rent
1,80,000
1,60,000
1,80,000 1,60,000
Tangible Assets Plant & Machinery Accumulated
Depreciation
14,90,000 (1,50,000)
13,00,000 (1,00,000)
13,40,000 12,00,000
Non-Current Investments Shares in XYZ Limited
2,40,000
1,60,000
2,40,000 1,60,000
Additional Information:
(a) During the year 2016-17, a machinery costing Rs. 50,000 and
accumulated
depreciation thereon Rs. 15,000 was sold for Rs. 32,000.
(b) 9 % Debentures Rs. 80,000 were issued on April 1, 2016.
6
Solution: Ajanta Limited
Cash Flow Statement
for the year ended 31st March, 2014
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
I CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Surplus: Balance in the
Statement of Profit & Loss Adjustment for Non- Cash and
Non-Operating Items Depreciation 65,000 Loss on sale of Machinery
3,000 Interest on Debentures 28,800 Operating Profit before changes
in working capital Add: Decrease in Current Assets and Increase in
Current Liabilities Inventories 40,000 Outstanding Rent 20,000
Creditors 20,000 Less: Increase in Current Assets and Decrease in
Current Liabilities Bills Payable Cash Flow from Operating
Activities II- CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES Purchase of
Machinery Sale of Machinery Purchase of Shares in XYZ Limited
1,20,000
96,800
2,16,800
2,16,800
80,000
(80,000)
2,16,800
(2,40,000) 32,000
(80,000)
(2,88,000)
-
Cash Flow from Investing Activities III- CASH FLOW FROM
FINANCING ACTIVITIES Issue of 9 % Debentures Interest on Debentures
Cash Flow from Financing Activities Net Cash Flow Add: Opening
Balance of Cash and Cash Equivalents Closing Balance of Cash and
Cash Equivalents
80,000 (28,800)
(2,88,000)
51,200
51,200
(20,000) 80,000
60,000
2+1+1
Plant & Machinery Account
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
To Balance b/d To Bank Account
13,00,000 2,40,000
By Bank Account By Accumulated Depreciation Account By Statement
of Profit & Loss By Balance c/d
32,000 15,000
3,000 14,90,000
15,40,000 15,40,000
1
Accumulated Depreciation Account
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
To Plant & Machinery Account To Balance c/d
15,000 1,50,000
By Balance b/d By Statement of Profit & Loss
1,00,000 65,000
1,65,000 1,65,000
1
PART B
Option-II
Computerised Accounting
18. While navigating in the workbook, which of the following
commands is used to move to the
beginning of the Current row: 1
a. [ctrl] + [home]
b. [page up]
c. [Home]
d. [ctrl] + [Back space]
Sol: (c)
19. Join line in the context of Access table means: 1
a. Graphical representation of tables between tables
b. Lines bonding the data within table
c. Line connecting two fields of a table
-
d. Line connecting two records of a table
Sol: (b)
20. Enumerate the basic requirements of computerized accounting
system for a business
organization.
Sol: The computerized accounting is one the database-oriented
applications wherein the transaction
data is stored in well-organized database. The user operates on
such database using the required
interface and also takes the required reports by suitable
transformations of stored data into
information. Therefore, the fundamentals of computerized
accounting include all the basic
requirements of any database-oriented application in computers.
4
Accounting framework [2]
It is the application environment of the computerized
accounting. A healthy accounting framework
interms of accounting principles, coding and grouping structure
is a pre-condition for any
computerizedaccounting system.
Operating procedure........ [2]
A well-conceived and designed operating procedure blended with
suitable operating environment of
the enterprise is necessary to work with the computerized
accounting system.
21. The generation of ledger accounts is not a necessary
condition for making trial balance in a
computerized accounting system. Explain. 4
Sol: In computerized accounting system, every day business
transactions are recorded with the help
of computer software. Logical scheme is applied for codification
of account and transaction. Every
account and transaction is assigned a unique code. The grouping
of accounts is done from the first
stage.
[Briefly explaining what is account groups and hierarchy of
ledger.]
The hierarchy of ledger accounts is maintained and the data is
transferred into Ledger accounts
automatically by the computer. In order to produce ledger
accounts the stored transaction data is
processed to appear as classified so that same is presented in
the form of report. The preparation of
financial statements is independent of producing the trial
balance. 4
22. Internal manipulation of accounting records is much easier
in computerized accounting than in
manual accounting. How? 4
Sol: Internal manipulation of accounting records is much easier
in computerized accounting due to
thefollowing:
i. Defective logical sequence at the programming stage
ii. Prone to hacking
23. Computerisation of accounting data on one hand stores
voluminous data in a systematic and
organized manner whereas on the other hand suffers from threats
of vulnerability and
manipulations. Discuss the security measures you would like to
employ for securing the data from
such threats. 6
Sol: Every accounting software ensures data security, safety and
confidentiality. Therefore every,
software should provide for the following:
-
Password Security: Password is a mechanism, which enables a user
to access a system including
data. The system facilitates defining the user rights according
to organization policy. Consequently, a
person in an organization may be given access to a particular
set of a data while he may be denied
access to another set of data. 2
Data Audit: This feature enables one to know as to who and what
changes have been made in the
original data thereby helping and fixing the responsibility of
the person who has manipulated the
data and also ensures data integrity. Basically, this feature is
similar to Audit Trial. 2
Data Vault: Software provides additional security through data
encryption. 2
-
MARKING SCHEME
BUSINESS STUDIES (054)
CLASS XII (2017-18)
Ans1. Co-ordination. (1 mark)
Ans2. The manager/planner is required to make assumptions about
the future. These assumptions
are called planning premises. (1 mark)
Ans 3. Communication. (1mark)
Ans 4. Benefits of Autocratic or Authoritarian leader: (Any one)
(1 mark for the statement)
a. This leadership style is effective in getting productivity in
many situations.
b. Quick decision-making is also facilitated by this style of
leadership.
Ans5. A high Debt Service Coverage Ratio indicates better
ability to meet cash commitments
and consequently, the companys potential to increase debt
component in its capital structure.(1)
Ans 6. Factors affecting working capital requirements: (Any
one)
a. Credit Allowed.
b. Operating Efficiency. (1 mark)
Ans7. The following function was performed by SEBI- Calling for
information by undertaking
inspection, conducting enquiries and audits of stock exchanges
and intermediaries. Regulatory
Function. (1 mark for the statement)
Ans 8. Right to be heard. (1 mark)
Ans9.
a. It would be in the best interest of the organization if the
existence of such groups is recognized and the roles that their
members play are identified.
b. The knowledge of such groups can be used to gather their
support and consequently lead to improved organizational
performance. Such groups can also provide useful communication
channels.
c. Instead of confronting them, the management should take
skillfully take advantage of both formal and informal organization
so that work continues smoothly. (3 marks)
Ans 10. Decisions Shyam should take to ensure low investment in
fixed capital requirement with
respect to:
-
a. Nature of Business: Instead of setting up a manufacturing
unit, Shyam should start a trading concern of buying handicrafts
from the craftsmen and selling them.
b. Scale of operations: Shyam should keep the scale of his
organization small.
c. Financing alternatives: A developed financial market may
provide for leasing facilities. So instead of making outright
purchase of assets, for example of office space, Shyam
should take them on lease and reduce his requirement of fixed
capital. (1x3=3
marks)
Ans11. Following are the functions of a supervisor: (Any
three)
a. Supervisor maintains day-to-day contact and maintains
friendly relations with workers.
b. Supervisor acts as a link between management and workers.
c. Supervisor plays a key role in maintaining group unity among
workers placed under his control.
d. Supervisor ensures performance of work according to the
targets set.
e. Supervisor provides good on-the-job training to the workers
and employees.
f. Supervisory leadership plays a key role in influencing the
workers in the organization.
g. A good supervisor analyses the work performed and gives
feedback to the workers. (1x3=3)
(1 mark for each statement)
Ans 12.
A. Advertising. (1 mark)
B. Merits of advertising: (Any two)
a. Advertising enhances customer satisfaction and confidence, as
they feel more comfortable and
assured about the product quality and hence feel more
satisfied.
b. With the developments in art, computer designs, and graphics,
advertising has developed into
one of the most forceful and expressive medium of
communication.
c. Advertising is a very economical mode of communication if a
large number of people are to be
reached. (1x2=2)
(1 mark for each statement)
Ans 13. Following are the consumer responsibilities that a
consumer must keep in mind while
purchasing gold jewelry: (Any three)
a. Be aware about various goods(types of jewelry) available in
the market so that an intelligent and wise choice can be made.
-
b. Buy only standardized jewelry as they provide quality
assurance. Thus, look for Hallmark on jewelry.
c. Learn about risks associated with the product, follow
manufacturers instructions.
d. Read labels carefully so as to have information about prices,
net weight, etc.
e. Assert yourself to ensure a fair deal.
f. Be honest in your dealings.
g. Ask for a cash memo on purchase of the jewelry. (1x3=3)
(1 mark for each statement)
Ans 14 A. Following is the step in process of Planning:
Setting objectives: The first and foremost step is setting
objectives. Objectives may be set for the
entire organization and each department or unit within the
organization. Objectives or goals
specify what the organization wants to achieve. Objectives
should be stated clearly. Management
must contribute ideas and participate in the objective setting
process. If the end result is clear it
becomes easier to work towards the goal. (1/2 mark for
identification+1 marks for
explanation)
B. Following is the last step to be performed by Quick Bizz as
part of the process of Planning:
Follow up action: To see whether plans are being implemented and
activities are performed
according to schedule is also part of the planning process.
Monitoring the plans is equally
important to ensure that objectives are achieved. (1/2 mark for
the heading + 1 marks for the
explanation)
Ans 15. The following needs given as per Maslows Need Hierarchy
Theory will not be satisfied
by the two incentives- Basic pay and allowances (satisfies basic
needs) & Retirement Benefits
(satisfy safety and security needs) discussed above: (Any
two)
a. Affiliation /Belonging Needs: These needs refer to affection,
sense of belongingness, acceptance and friendship.
b. Esteem Needs: These include factors such as self-respect,
autonomy status, recognition and attention.
c. Self Actualization Needs: It is the highest level of need in
the hierarchy. It refers to the drive to become what one is capable
of becoming. (2x2=4)
(1/2 mark for heading + 1 marks for explanation)
Ans 16. Following are the first four steps in the screen-based
trading for buying and selling of
securities in the secondary market:
a. The investor has to approach a registered broker or
sub-broker and sign a broker-client agreement and a client
registration form before placing an order to buy or sell
securities.
-
b. The investor has to open a demat account or beneficial owner
account with a depository participant for holding and transferring
securities in the demat form.
c. The investor then places an order with the broker to buy or
sell shares, the broker will go ahead with the deal and issue the
order confirmation slip to the investor.
d. The broker then will go on-line and connect to the main stock
exchange and match the share and best price available. (1x4=4)
(One mark for each statement)
Ans 17. A.
a. The voice and opinion of the general public is important as
they may be interested in the company and its product and have an
impact on the business ability to achieve its
objectives. Thus, it is imperative to manage public opinion and
the companys relation
with the public on a regular basis.
b. Consumer Activist groups need to be satisfied because they
can impose restriction on the sales of the firms products directly
by urging customers to refrain from buying them
through the imposition of laws. (1x2=2)
B. The following departments in the firm can be given the task
to disseminate information and
build goodwill:
a. The marketing department.
b. A separate department to manage public relations.(1x2=2)
Ans18. The following are the variables used by R&T Reality
to prepare its market offering:
a. Product: Product means goods or services or anything of
value, which is offered to the market for sale. The concept of
product relates to not only the physical product but also
the benefits offered by it from customers view point. The
concept of product also
includes the extended product or what is offered to the
customers by way of after sales
services, handling complaints, etc. The important product
decisions include deciding
about the features, quality, packaging, labeling and branding of
the products.
b. Price: Price is the amount of money customers have to pay to
obtain the product. The marketers have not only to decide about the
objectives of price setting but to analyse the
factors determining the price and fix a price for the firms
products. Decisions have to be
taken in respect of discounts to customers, traders and credit
terms, etc, so that the
customers perceive the price to be in line with the value of the
product.
c. Place: Place or physical distribution include activities that
make firms products available to the large customers. Important
decision areas in this respect include selection of
intermediaries to reach the customers, providing support to the
intermediaries. The other
-
decision areas relate to managing inventory, storage and
warehousing and transportation
of goods from the place it is produced to the place it is
required by the buyers.
d. Promotion: Promotion of products and services include
activities that communicate availability, features, merits, etc, of
the products to the target customers and persuade
them to buy it. Most marketing organizations undertake various
promotional activities
and spend substantial amount of money on the promotion of their
goods through using
number of tools such as advertising, personal selling and sales
promotion techniques.
(1 x4=4) (1/2 mark for the heading+ 1/2 mark for the
explanation)
Ans 19. The dimensions of Business environment discussed above
which brought about the
above change are:
a. Legal environment- Legal environment includes various
legislations passed by the Government, administrative orders issued
by government authorities, court judgments, as
well as the decisions rendered by various commissions and
agencies at every level of
government-Center, State, Local. Non-Compliance of laws can land
the business
enterprises into legal problems.
b. Political environment- Political environment includes
political conditions such as general stability and peace in the
country and specific attitudes that elected government
representatives hold towards business. Attitudes of the
government officials may have
either positive or negative impact upon business.
(2x2=4) (1/2 mark for heading+ 1 marks for explanation)
Ans 20. Following are the characteristics of management: (Any
five)
a. Management is a goal oriented process which unites the
efforts of different individuals in the organization towards
achieving these goals.
b. Management is all pervasive as the activities involved in
managing an enterprise are common to all organizations whether
economic, social or political.
c. Management is multidimensional as it is a complex activity
that has three dimensions: Management of work, Management of
people, Management of operations.
d. Management is a process consisting of continuous, composite,
but separate functions.
e. Management is a group activity which ensures team work and
coordination of individual effort in a common direction.
f. Management is a dynamic function and has to adapt itself to
the changing environment.
g. Management is an intangible force that cannot be seen but its
presence can be felt in the way the organization functions.
(1x5=5)
-
Ans 21 A. Controlling. ( 1 mark)
B. The steps of controlling discussed above are:
a. Analysing deviations: Some deviation in performance is
expected in all activities. It is
therefore, important to determine the acceptable range of
deviations. Also, deviations in key
areas of business need to be attended more urgently as compared
to deviations in certain
insignificant areas. Critical point control and management by
exception should be used by the
manager in this regard. After identifying the deviations that
demand managerial attention these
deviations need to be analyzed for their causes.
b. Taking Corrective Action: The final step in the controlling
process is taking corrective action.
No corrective action is required when the deviations are within
acceptable limits. However,
when the deviations go beyond the acceptable range, especially
in the important areas, it
demands immediate managerial attention so that deviations do not
occur again and standards are
accomplished. (2x2=4)(1/2 mark for heading+1 marks for
explanation)
Ans 22.A. Factors that should be kept in mind by the company
while making the investment
decision: (Any two)
a. The amount of cash flows should be carefully analyzed before
considering the decision.
b. The rate of return of the project based on expected return
and assessment of the risk involved from each proposal should be
analyzed.
c. The decision to invest in a particular project involves a
number of calculations regarding the amount of investment, interest
rate, cash flows and rate of return. (1x2=2)
B. The following are the reasons that make the above decision to
be made carefully: (Any one)
a. These decisions have a bearing on the long term growth.
b. These decisions result in a substantial portion of capital
funds being blocked in long-term
project.
c. These decisions influence the overall business risk
complexion of the firm.
d. These decisions once taken, are not reversible without
incurring heavy losses. (1 mark)
C. Following are the values being fulfilled by Saksham Ltd.:
(Any two)
a. Responsibility
b. Respect for law and order
c. Sensitivity to environment
d. Development of backward regions.
e. Generating employment opportunities
(or any other suitable value) (1x2=2) (2+1+2=5)
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Ans 23. A. The function of management being performed by GIPRA
to maintain a satisfactory
work force is Staffing. (1 mark)
B. The two steps of staffing discussed above are:
a. Training and development: The organization should facilitate
employee learning by having
either in-house training centers or have forged alliances with
training and educational institutes
to ensure continuing learning of their employees. The
organizations also benefit.
b. Performance Appraisal: All organizations have some formal or
informal means of appraising
their employees performance. Performance Appraisal means
evaluating an employees current
and/or past performance as against certain predetermined
standards. The performance appraisal
process includes defining the job, appraising performance, and
providing feedback. (1 1/2 x2=3)
(1/2 mark for identification+1 mark for the explanation)
C. Following are the two steps in the process of staffing that
the management had to perform
before performing the above steps: (Any two)
a. Estimating manpower requirements, which involves not merely
knowing how many persons
the company needs but also what type.
b. Recruitment is defined as the process of searching for
prospective employees and stimulating
them to apply for jobs in the organization.
c. Selection is the process of choosing from among the pool of
the prospective candidates
developed at the stage of recruitment.
d. Orientation is introducing the selected employee to other
employees and familiarizing him
with the rules and policies of the organization. Placement
refers to the employee occupying the
position or post which the person has been selected. (1x2=2) (1
mark for each statement)
Ans 24.
A. Following are the principles of management highlighted by
Rajat in his address to the employees: (Any Four)
a. Initiative: Initiative means taking the first step in self
motivation. It is thinking out and executing the plan. But it does
not mean going against the established practices of the
company for the sake of being different.
b. Stability of personnel: Employee turnover should be minimized
to maintain organizational efficiency. according to Fayol.
Personnel should be selected and
appointed after due and rigorous procedure. But once selected
they should be kept at their
post/position for a minimum fixed tenure.
c. Discipline: Discipline is the obedience to organizational
rules and employment agreement which are necessary for the working
of the organization. According to Fayol, discipline
-
requires good superiors at all levels, clear and fair agreements
and judicious application
of penalties.
d. Equity: There should be no discrimination against anyone on
account of sex, religion, language, caste, belief or nationality,
etc. Good sense and experience are needed to
ensure fairness to all employees, who should be treated as
fairly as possible.
e. Espirit de corps: Management should promote a team spirit of
unity and harmony among employees, according to Fayol. A manager
should replace I withWe in all his
conversations with workers to foster team spirit.
f. Subordination of individual interest to general interest: In
all situations the interests of the group/company will supersede
the interest of any one individual. This is so because
larger interests of the workers and stakeholders are more
important than the interest of
any one person. (1x4=4) (1/2 mark for the heading +1/2 mark for
the explanation)
B. Following are values that Rajat wanted to spread in the
organization: (Any two)
a. Responsibility
b. Discipline.
c. Conflict resolution.
d. Good behavior in human interaction.
e. Team work
(or any other suitable value) (1x2=2)
Ans 25. Following is the meaning and difference between
Delegation and Decentralization :
Basis of difference Delegation Decentralization
1. Meaning Delegation is the entrustment of responsibility and
authority to
another and the creation of
accountability for performance.
(or any other suitable meaning)
Decentralization explains the
manner in which decision-
making responsibilities are
divided among hierarchical
levels. (or any other suitable
meaning)
2. Nature Delegation is a compulsory act because no individual
can
perform all tasks on his own.
Decentralization is an optional
policy decision. It is done at the
discretion of the top
management.
3. Freedom of action
More control by superiors hence
less freedom to take own
decisions.
Less control over executives
hence greater freedom of action.
4. Status It is a process followed to share tasks.
It is the result of the policy
decision of the top management.
-
5. Scope It has narrow scope as it is limited to superior and
his
immediate subordinate.
It has wide scope as it implies
extension of delegation to the
lowest level of management.
6. Purpose To lessen the burden of the manager.
To increase the role of the
subordinates in the organization
by giving them more autonomy.
(1/2x2=1 mark for the meaning)
(1x5=5marks for the differences)
-
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
BUSINESS STUDIES (054)
CLASS XII (2017-18)
1. Name the process which provides the requisite amount,
quality, timing and sequence of efforts and ensures that planned
objectives are achieved with a minimum of conflict.
(1)
2. What are Planning premises? (1)
3. Name the process of exchange of information between two or
more persons to reach common understanding. (1)
4. Sara worked in a call center. Her team manager did not wish
to be contradicted and gave rewards depending on the result. State
one benefit of the style of leadership being
followed by Saras team manager. (1)
5. What does a high Debt Service Coverage Ratio indicate?
(1)
6. Aarohan Ltd. an automobile manufacturer was diversifying into
manufacturing two-wheelers. They knew that India is on a growth
path and a new breed of consumer is
eager for a first vehicle. The market responded very well to the
new product. The
company did not have to allow credit, as it had advance orders
from four to six months
with deposits paid. Also, due to efficiency in managing their
operations as soon as a
vehicle was off the assembly line, it was out to the dealers.
Give any one reason discussed
above which helped the firm in managing its working capital
efficiently. (1)
7. SEBI recently called for information and issued a show cause
notice to NSE and its 14 officials seeking explanation on the
Preferential Access allegations at the Exchanges
Co-location facility. State the function that SEBI performed by
doing so. (1)
8. Identify the right of a consumer under Consumer Protection
Act, 1986 which Consumer organizations help a consumer to claim by
performing the function of encouraging
consumers to strongly protest and take an action against
unscrupulous, exploitative and
unfair trade practices of sellers. (1)
9. Progress Ltd. Is facing difficulties in introduction of
machinery of latest technology as they are facing resistance from
the informal groups who are pressurizing the members to
work against organizational interests. As the Human Resources
manager of the company
would you advise the management of the company to confront them
or give them some
other suggestion to deal with the informal groups. (3)
10. Shyam wanted to start a business of selling handicrafts by
getting in touch with the craftsmen in the rural areas of Bengal.
He wants to make a low investment in fixed
Capital. Advise him in taking suitable decisions regarding the
Nature of Business, Scale of
-
operations and Financing Alternatives (in a developed financial
market) that he needs to
take for the purpose. (3)
11. State any three functions of a supervisor. (3)
12. Malaysian budget airline group Sky Europe announced
discounted fares, starting as low as Rs.1,099 for domestic
destinations operated by its Indian Joint Venture carrier and
Rs.2,099 for international flights operated by other group
airlines under a limited period
offer. A. Identify the medium of communication which can be used
by the firm to inform
a large number of people about the new fares. B. Also, state any
two merits of the
communication tool, apart from the one discussed above. (3)
13. State any three responsibilities that a consumer must keep
in mind while purchasing gold jewelry. (3)
14. Having transformed 2500 Kirana stores across eight cities in
to virtual super markets, the start up Quick Bizz further decided
in advance, to collaborate with 15000-20,000 store
owners in top 30 cities of the country by the end of this year.
The company has set its eye
on digitizing over 1,00,000 kirana stores over next 18-24
months. A. Identify and explain
the step in the process of one of the functions of management
discussed above. B. Also
explain the last step to be performed by Quick Bizz as part of
the process. (4)
15. At present, apart from the basic pay and allowances as a
part of compensation, the employees and employers contribute 12% of
basic wages each towards Employees
Provident Fund scheme and Employees Pension Fund scheme. A
proposal to reduce the
contribution by employers and employees to 10% of basic pay and
dearness allowance
was listed on the agenda for a recent meeting of Employees
Provident Fund Organization
held. The stakeholders expressed their reservations about it and
they feel that it should be
continued at 12%. Explain any two needs as suggested by Maslows
Need Hierarchy
Theory, which will not be satisfied by the incentives discussed
above. (4)
16. State the first four steps which are involved in the
screen-based trading for buying and selling of securities in the
secondary market. (4)
17. Bye-Bye Motors recently informed the media about its aim to
train up to 4000 people in the next 3 years in the skills
associated with automobile industry as part of its program to
provide technical and vocational education for unemployed youth.
The firm has already
started the program in collaboration with Automobile Skill
Development Council. This
news in the media has helped the firm in promoting its image in
the eyes of the public and
consumer activist groups.
A. Why is it important for the company to satisfy the public and
the consumer activist
groups. Give reasons.
B. Which departments in the firm can be given the responsibility
to disseminate
information and build goodwill of the firm? (4)
18. R&T Reality, the property development arm of the
construction and engineering giant R&T in a recent report to
the media shared that it is betting on bigger and better
projects
-
providing greater benefits to the customers, lower prices and
faster execution to boost its
growth. The spokesperson of the company informed the media that
besides the innovative
features, quality and brand, the fair pricing followed by the
company is also a hit with the
buyers. He said that the company is also focusing on accurate,
speedy and timely delivery.
Proper communication with the market was being maintained
through advertising. Even
dealers were to be offered incentives to boost the sales.
The above para describes the combination of variables used by
R&T Reality to prepare
its market offering. Identify and explain the variables. (4)
19. It is heartening that the implementation of compliance
requirements of the Companies Act, 2013 has progressed
substantially with NIFTY 500 companies. Data shows a
significant increase in womens participation in the top
management of Indian Companies
from 5% few years ago to 13% now. Even companies which are not
in NIFTY 500 have
undertaken drives to increase womens participation across
different areas of work. The
government had also announced that it would support such
companies. Identify and
explain the dimensions of business environment discussed above
which brought about the
change. (4)
20. Give any five characteristics of management. (5)
21. Textile manufacturer Super textiles reported 43% fall in its
profits in the fourth quarter ended 31 March 2017, which is beyond
the acceptable range 25% decided by the
company. This was due to higher fuel cost and lower yield on
account of demonetization.
The company aims to implement cost saving measures by
restructuring contracts and its
business processes to meet its targets in the future.
A. Name the function of management discussed above.
B. Also identify and explain the steps of the function of
management discussed above.
(5)
22. Saksham Ltd. a firm manufacturing textiles, wished to
diversify their business. They were considering two options, either
to diversify into manufacturing tooth-paste or switches.
They wanted to invest in the purchase of land, to set up a
manufacturing unit in the
backward areas of Gujarat, which would also lead to the
generation of employment
opportunities in the area, but only after fulfilling all legal
requirements and taking
appropriate steps to ensure that the environment was not
polluted. The finance manager of
the company, Mr. Ramakant was asked by the management to prepare
a report on the
factors which should be considered while making the above
investment decision.
A. State any two factors that Mr. Ramakant would give in his
report.
B. Also state any one reason which makes it important for the
above decision to be made
carefully.
C. And state two values being fulfilled by Saksham Ltd. (5)
-
23. The IT major GIPRA is terminating the employment of its
senior managers, if after evaluating their performance against
pre-determined standards if it is found lacking. With
this disruption analysts say a large portion of the employees
may become irrelevant unless
they learn new skills and apply the knowledge to work on
emerging technologies. GIPRA
is ready to facilitate employee learning, through its in-house
centers.
A. Name the function of management performed by GIPRA to
maintain a satisfactory
work force.
B. Identify and explain the two steps in the process of the
function of management
discussed above.
C. Also state any two steps of the function of management
discussed, that the firm had
to perform before performing the above steps. (6)
24. Rajat joined as a CEO of Bharat Ltd, a firm manufacturing
Computer hardware. On the first day he addressed the employees. He
said that he believed that a good company should
have an employee suggestion system and he wished to minimize
employee turnover to
maintain organizational efficiency. He informed all employees
that he would ensure that
all agreements were clear, fair and there was judicious
application of penalties. However,
he said that he believed that lazy personnel should be dealt
with sternly to send the
message that everyone was equal in the eyes of management. Also
that he would want to
promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees,
which would give rise to a
spirit of mutual trust and belongingness among team members and
eventually minimize
need for using penalties. He told all present that the interests
of the organization should
take priority over the interests of any one individual
employee.
A. Identify and briefly explain any four principles of
management given by Fayol, which
Rajat highlighted in his address to the employees.
B. Also state two values that Rajat wanted to spread in the
organization.
(6)
25. Put simply, decentralization refers to delegation of
authority throughout all the levels of the organization. In the
light of the above statement give the meaning of and difference
between Delegation of authority and decentralization. (6)
-
Marking Scheme
Economics (030)
Cass XII (2017-18)
SECTION A : MICROECONOMICS
1 b) Government should be concerned with how to reduce
unemployment
1
2 Marginal Physical Product is the change in output produced by
employing one additional unit
of the variable input. It can be calculated as :
=
or
= -
1
3 i) 140 1
4 Zero. 1
5 Two factors that may shift the Production Possibility Frontier
of an economy away from
origin (to the right) are:
(a) Increase in resources available to an economy (natural,
physical or human resource).
New resources may increase the output potential in an economy
resulting in shift of
PPF away from origin.
(b) Improvement in technology, when technology improves the
production potential
increases, i.e. economy may be able to produce more output using
existing resources
efficiently.
Or
Since Marginal Rate of Transformation is constant, PPC will be a
straight line.
3
6 (i) Demand of the good X will increases, hence demand curve of
good X shifts towards
right.
(ii) Demand of Good X may decrease as people may be inclined to
consume less due to
3
-
media reports of harmful effect of the good X, as a result,
demand curve may shift
towards left.
(iii)When income of consumer increases the disposable income
increases and consumer is
in a better position of spending more on the good X. Hence
consumer may consume
more of the commodity due to which the demand for the good
increases and demand
curve shifts away from origin.
7 a) -0.53, -0.80, -0.87,- 3.1 (minus sign only represents the
inverse relation between price and
quantity demanded)
b)
Price (in ) Quantity (in units)
Original = 28 Original = 50
New = 23 New = 100
Ed = Change in Quantity Demanded x Original Price
Change in Price Original Quantity (Absolute values taken)
= X
= 5.6 (Ed>1, relatively more elastic demand.)
4
8 A Floor price is the minimum price at which a commodity can be
sold legally. Floor price if
fixed above the equilibrium price, serves the purpose of welfare
of the producers (say
farmers). When price floor is fixed at P quantity demanded will
contract to OQ but at this
price, suppliers will be ready to supply OQ. As a result,
surplus of QQ will emerge.
Imposition of floor prices above equilibrium price will have the
following major implications:
a) Surpluses: The quantity actually brought and supplied will
shrink as a direct consequence
of price flooring, as a result, a part of producers stock will
remain unsold