Lachlan Ross LRMA Consultancy 39 Grey St East Geelong Parks Victoria 2011 market Research report
Lachlan RossLRMA Consultancy
39 Grey St East Geelong
Parks Victoria 2011 market Research report
1.0 TITLE PAGE
LRMA Consultancy has been asked on behalf of Parks Victoria, in association with Tourism Victoria to prepare a marketing research proposal on the current state of park visitation by international tourists.
The findings of the research proposal will assist Parks Victoria, along with Tourism Victoria in achieving the objective of having a better understanding of the needs, wants and satisfaction levels associated with international tourists who visit the parks in Victoria, and to further assist what better practices could be put in place.
2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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This research proposal covers the international visitation to Parks Victoria by Asian tourists from China and Korea. The project was undertaken by LRMA Consultancy to provide the direction and detail needed for further managing the amount of future tourists to Port Campbell National Park.
This plan integrates with the current objectives outlined by Parks Victoria’s General Manager, Dr. Donald Hall who wants to have a better understanding of the needs and wants of international visitors, and to also to determine whether visitor’s needs are being satisfied. The vision for tourism in Australia is that Parks Victoria will become increasingly recognised amongst the targeted Asian segments as an even more appealing destination than it has been previously.
The recognition will be based on Port Campbell’s advantages in natural attributes, educational content, and improving on having a strong culture of providing excellent customer service that reflects good value for money.
In 2009 there were 3.3 million international nature tourists that travelled to Australia (Department of Resources, 2010). Tourists from China and Korea had the overall highest spend per trip, whilst China has become Australia’s fastest growing inbound market in terms of visitor volumes and values (Tourism Research Australia, 2011), with 47% of all international tourists to Australia visiting a national park.
This research proposal has four key pillars for sustainable growth:
1. Placing a higher importance on attracting tourists aged 15-292. How visitors seek and obtain information about Parks Victoria3. Providing a higher value on educational content that enriches their
overall experience4. Breaking down the cultural barriers that currently exist between
Australia and Asia
The execution of this proposal will deliver a highly appealing visitor experience based on understanding the target markets needs and wants,
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their current satisfaction levels, and finally Port Campbell’s competitive advantages.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Title Page.....................................................................................................................1
2.0 Executive Summary.....................................................................................................2
3.0 Introduction.................................................................................................................4
4.0 Background to the research.........................................................................................5
5.0 The Management Decision Problem.............................................................................6
6.0 The Research Problem.................................................................................................6
6.1 Key Objectives..........................................................................................................7
7.0 Research Design..........................................................................................................7
7.1 Type of Research......................................................................................................7
7.2 Type of Information..................................................................................................8
7.3 Method of Data Collection Recommended................................................................8
7.4 Sampling Technique...............................................................................................10
7.5 Plan of Data Analysis..............................................................................................11
8.0 Conclusions & Recommendations..............................................................................13
9.0 Reference List............................................................................................................15
Learning Reflections........................................................................................................16
Lachlan Ross..............................................................................................................16
Appendix 1.......................................................................................................................17
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3.0 INTRODUCTION
This study is seeking to develop and test a method to benchmark and monitor international
visitor expectations and satisfaction levels at the Port Campbell National Park. The focus
group chosen is the Asian market, specifically Chinese and Korean tourists, as these represent
the fastest growing international tourist sector.
The objectives were to understand the satisfaction levels and expectations of these visitors
when visiting the park, and identify any experience gaps and facility issues that may need
further research or management attention.
The report begins by briefly outlining the relevant research data around the Asian nature
tourist market, followed by analysis of the issues surrounding this tourism sector. The
research methodology and results / data analysis make up the body of the report, and finally
conclusions and recommendations provide future tools in assisting management to develop
strategies to increase satisfaction levels and increased attraction for Chinese and Korean
visitors.
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4.0 BACKGROUND TO THE RESEARCH
In 2009 there were 3.3 million international nature visitors to Australia and the most popular
activity undertaken was visiting a national park, comprising 47% of nature tourists (Tourism
Research Australia, 2010 Aug 1). Despite a decline in overall market share of international
tourists, almost two thirds of these visitors still participate in nature activities (Dept. of
Resources, 2010).
Visitors from China and Korea have the highest overall spend per trip and China is
Australia’s fastest growing inbound tourism market in terms of visitor volumes and values. In
2010 it became Australia’s highest income producing market (Tourism Australia, 2011 Apr
1). The total number of international visitors to Australia from China has risen 26.8% during
the period June 2010 – June 2011. Arrivals from Korea during the same period rose 4.4%
(Tourism Australia, 2011 Oct 1).
While Chinese visitors travelled to Australia mainly for a holiday, it is interesting to note that
Chinese education visitors accounted for 21% of total Chinese visitation, but contributed $1.7
billion dollars – over half of the $2.5 billion spent by all Chinese visitors in Australia
(Tourism Research Australia, 2011 June 1). Almost one third of total visitors from China and
Korea are aged 15 – 29 which reflects the high percentage of education tourists from these
countries.
Tourism research Australia has identified that Chinese and Korean tourist market favours the
major capital cities significantly when planning their trip, and the 3 main sources of tourist
information come from internet (33%), word-of-mouth (32%) and travel agents (22%)
(Tourism Research Australia, 2011 June 1).
The Australian Government’s tourism research of 2009 (Tourism Research Australia, 2010
Aug 1) discovered that 52% of international tourists in 2009 travelled unaccompanied and
26% as an adult couple. There is no available data about the specific statistics relating to the
Chinese and Korean markets, however if we assume that this data transfers to our focus group
then it would be important to obtain survey data about the expectations and satisfaction levels
if these tourists join tour groups at the national park.
In order to maintain a sustainable tourism profile at Port Campbell National Park it is
therefore critical to capture more of the Chinese and Korean nature tourist market.
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Future marketing strategy development targeting the education tourist sector and more
specifically the 15 – 29 year olds must be considered. The preferred method of holiday
planning in this techno-savvy sector is online and word-of-mouth so it is important that our
study and survey is designed to capture this essential information to assist in the development
of a marketing campaign for the Port Campbell National Park.
5.0 THE MANAGEMENT DECISION PROBLEM
The management decision problem: How can Parks Victoria ensure their Chinese and Korean
international visitors’ needs and wants are satisfied at the Port Campbell National Park?
This management decision problem has been created as Parks Victoria, in association with
Tourism Victoria, have asked LRMA Consultancy to formulate research on better
understanding the needs, wants and satisfaction levels of their international visitors.
Port Campbell National Park is the national park that the research will be under taken at with
the target market being the Chinese and Korean international visitors.
6.0 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
The research problem: To ensure that Parks Victoria’s Chinese and Korean international
visitors’ needs and wants are satisfied by their services at the Port Campbell National Park.
The research problem is a statement that will provide guidance and direction for the research
that needs to be undertaken. It is a statement of information that has been developed from the
management decision problem above. The key objectives have then been created to set goals
for the research are outlined below.
6.1 KEY OBJECTIVES
- To determine the target market’s expectations of Parks Victoria’s services at Port
Campbell National Park.
- To examine the target market’s satisfaction levels of the services provided at Port
Campbell National Park.
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- To identify the cultural barriers that the target market encounter at their visit to Port
Campbell National Park.
- To determine any issues or flaws that the target market may have with the facilities
and services provided at Port Campbell National Park.
- To examine whether the target market feel they are receiving value for money while
visiting Port Campbell National Park.
- To identify the improvements needed for Port Campbell National Park to attract and
satisfy the target market.
7.0 RESEARCH DESIGN
7.1 TYPE OF RESEARCH
To achieve the objectives of this project, the type of research conducted will be a descriptive
cross-sectional design focusing on the target population of Asian visitors, primarily those
from China and Korea, and their perceptions and attitudes towards services provided at Port
Campbell National Park.
A descriptive cross sectional type of research was selected as it is likely to be able to be
generalised to Asian visitors if a large enough sample size is achieved.
It also most often uses surveys, and being conducted in a face to face survey method will
yield a higher response rate than other methods such as focus groups and depth interviews
(Aaker et al. 2007, p.183).
As this type of research often takes longer to complete, a cross sectional design was selected
to allow the research project to be completed within the six month time frame as stated in the
research brief.
This research will generate both quantitative and qualitative data for further analysis.
7.2 TYPE OF INFORMATION
The type of information being collected is primarily attitudes and satisfaction levels of the
target population being Chinese and Korean visitors visiting Port Campbell National Park.
There is also a couple of questions relating to intent.
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The information sought will relate to current satisfaction levels in overall atmosphere, front
reception facilities, parking facilities, maps and information services, helpful human tour
guides and value for money of retail goods.
The type of information captured will be collected by personal intercept interviews using a
questionnaire. The questionnaire will contain a mix of different types of questions and rating
scales that answer the questions set in the research objectives as mentioned in the research
objectives on page 7 of this proposal.
The questionnaire will include some five-point Likert attitude scales, a style of Multiple Item
Scale, where the sampling element will respond to questions using a rating scale of agree
strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat, disagree strongly.
Refer to appendix 1.
The questionnaire will also include some open response questions toward the end to address
anything else the sample element would like to add. An example of an open ended question
included in the questionnaire is Is there anything else that was not currently provided that
you feel would have increased your overall satisfaction with the services provided at Colac
Otway National Park?” Refer to appendix 1.
7.3 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION RECOMMENDED
The data collection method for this descriptive research project will be personal intercept
interviews. This method was selected after considering the target population of Asian visitors,
specifically those from China and Korea.
This style of personal intercept interviews will allow the researcher to be persuasive, ensure
no questions are missed, use visual aids where appropriate and can explain any questions the
sampling element doesn’t understand.
The personal intercept interviews will be conducted by one male and one female interviewing
as a team together. The interviewers will be of Asian origin and be fluent in Mandarin and
Korean languages. The interviewers will wear smart casual clothing so they appear less
intimidating to interviewees.
The researcher will use a questionnaire as a research aid (refer to Appendix 1) however the
interviewer will mark the responses down. This will assist with eliminating some of the
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potential factors that may occur with visitors from a different nationality, such as poor
reading and writing skills, not understanding the questions or incomplete questionnaires.
It is intended that the personal intercept interviews will take no longer than a few minutes
(Hague, Hague and Morgan 2004, p133) to complete and be conducted as visitors exit the
Port Campbell National Park. The reasons for this are that the visitors may be on very strict
itineraries and not have much time to spare for an in depth interview. Being conducted in
such a small amount of time will also allow as many visitors from the target population the
opportunity to participate, which will result in very relevant and statistically reliable
information that inferences can be made from. The nature of the short interviews will
however result in very structured responses as there will not be any time for the interviewer
to ask any probing questions.
Although this data collection method is more costly than others and will require
comprehensive staff training, due to the nature of the target population holidaying in
Australia, other data collection methods such as telephone, mail survey and online survey
would be less effective due to the transient nature of the international tourists and other
factors such as not having a well-established mail system for post-visit follow up and having
varying levels of internet and telephone access.
7.4 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
The sampling technique for the research project will involve the non-probability technique of
judgemental sampling.
As the target population is Asian visitors to the Port Campbell National, it would be very
difficult to choose a probability based technique. This is due to the limited number of Asian
visitors physically visiting the national park, and the operational difficulty that a probability
based technique would involve.
All probability based techniques involve a sampling frame. In this instance, as the research
project requires information from the actual visitors who visit the national park, no ethical
sampling frame exists. The specific information relating to the visitors name, point of origin
and contact details are sometimes known by inbound tour operators and local tour companies
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or guides, however due to Australian privacy laws and confidentiality issues the tour hosts
are not permitted to forward this information to a third party.
LRMA Consultancy will use judgemental sampling to identify all sampling elements. This
technique will be relatively effective due to some of the obvious biases that can be inferenced
to the target population. In most instances, if a visitor is heard to be fluently speaking
Mandarin or Korean, and their appearance looks to be of an Asian origin, in most instances
the interviewer may assume the visitor is from the target population.
This technique will also allow for a deliberate biased sample. This research project is
specifically about the satisfaction levels of Chinese and Korean visitors, thus all national
visitors to the park will be excluded from the research, as will international visitors from all
origins that are not from Asia.
It is intended that after visitors have been identified as possible sampling elements, they will
first be asked a single screening question (Kolb 2008, p.150) such as “What is your country
of origin” and if the response is an Asian country they will be asked if they have would like
to participate in a short personal interview relating to satisfaction levels of the Colac Otway
National Park.
The interviewer will also complete some minor details for each completed survey which will
include the date, time, number of refusals received and identification of the interviewer.
7.5 PLAN OF DATA ANALYSIS
A compilation of quantitative and qualitative information will be gathered from the personal
intercept interviews.
LRMA Consultancy will first complete data editing, where we will undergo a process to
detect any questions that may not have been completed or identify any inconsistencies. As
LRMA does not propose to obtain contact details from each of the sampling elements, it will
not be possible to contact the sampling element to discuss and correct any errors. LRMA will
simply omit these questions only from the data analysis, yet still include all other responses
the sampling element has provided.
The next stage LRMA will complete is coding, where all of the responses to the closed ended
questions will have an applicable score applied to them to assist with further analysis.
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Finally the data will be cleaned, where by the entered data will be randomly checked with a
physical data check to determine any inaccuracies before final analysis.
Responses will be categorised into themes based on the set research objectives which are:
Expectations of services
Satisfaction levels of the services
Cultural barriers
Issues or flaws with facilities and services
Perceived value for money
Improvements needed to attract and satisfy the target market.
This will allow for the data to be analysed and the identification of any patterns, similarities
and differences in responses from the sampling elements.
Analysed data will be presented in a vertical bar chart or graphs in the final report. This will
be provided in a bound hard copy and also electronically to Parks Victoria, along with
recommendations for implementation in short/mid/long term timeframes.
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8.0 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
To effectively further raise the profile of Port Campbell National Park and overall, Parks Victoria, targeted marketing to Asian tourists from China and Korea through the production of high quality marketing collateral is imperative. As an initial step, Port Campbell can provide a necessary facilitation role to encourage co-operative marketing campaigns amongst its key stakeholders and strengthen overall marketing and information distribution opportunities with.
In order to realise the recommendations which require a co-operative approach, Port Campbell, is encouraged to take an active role with Parks Victoria in regards to the following key recommendations.
1. Placing a higher importance on attracting visitors aged between 15-29 A key opportunity that needs to be capitalised upon as this
segment of the target market behaves and communicates differently to older generations. As more and more Asian students commence educational studies in Australia they tend to be more technological savvy and seek information through different means such as word of mouth and the internet. If they have their expectations met, then there is a higher chance of them returning to Australia and the Port Campbell National Park
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with their children so they too can experience the offerings of Parks Victoria.
2. The way in which visitors seek and obtain information about Port Campbell National Park and Parks Victoria. The way 15-29 year olds consume content and information has
changed greatly in the last decade. No longer are tourist guides books the norm, the internet and content rich media that is viewable online is gaining popularity that is becoming more accessible by the day and far easier to dissect and understand.
3. Providing a higher value on educational related information that enriches tourists overall experience whilst visiting Port Campbell. Visitors to Port Campbell go there not to be amazed by the
attractions that are seen in urbanised areas, but rather the natural beauty and untouched landscapes that project a peaceful and uninhabited environment that they are not used to back home. The protection and rehabilitation of wildlife that the park allows needs to be communicated in a way that makes them appreciate the uniqueness of the park. This can be obtained by producing interactive programs that allows the visitor to have an emotional connection to the preservation of the Park that leaves them with the sense of giving back to the environment whist at the same time being entertaining and educational.
4. Breaking down cultural barriers that currently exist between Australia and Asia. Not all visitors have a good comprehension of the English
language. If enticing people of Asian descent is a key objective, then catering for their language needs to be of as much importance of when guides are talking to fellow Australians. Either having guides who can speak fluently in the desired languages or having translation assistance on hand will provide
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an opportunity to further communicate Parks Victoria’s vision. In return the tourists will be highly receptive after seeing that their troubles of understanding the English language are being catered for.
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9.0 REFERENCE LIST
Department of Resources, E. a. (2010, August 1). Occasional Paper No. 25: Profiles and Motivations of Nature Based Yourists Visiting Australia. Retrieved August 28, 2011, from Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism: http://www.ret.gov.au/tourism/Documents/tra/Snapshots%20and%20Factsheets/nature_09_FINAL.pdf
Hague, P. N., & Hague, N. (2004). Marketing Research in Practice: A Guide to Basics. London: Kogan Page Publishers.
Kolb, B. (2008). Marketing Research: A Practical Approach. London: Sage Publications.
Ritchie, B. W., Mules, T., & Uzabeaga, S. (2008, n/a n/a). Visitor Attraction Satisfaction Benchmark Project. Retrieved September 5, 2011, from Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research Centre: http://lgdata.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/docs/65/256418/90069_Richie_AttSatbenchmarking_WEB.pdf
Stewart, D., Lawley, M., Day, G., Kumar, V., & Aaker, D. (2007). Marketinf Research 2nd Edition. Milton, Queensland: John Wiley & Sons.
Tourism Research Australia. (2011, June 1). Snapshots 2011: China - Inbound and Outbound. Retrieved August 28, 2011, from Department of Resources, Energy and Toursim: http://www.ret.gov.au/tourism/Documents/tra/Snapshots%20and%20Factsheets/2011/China-Snapshot-July%202011.pdf
Toursim Research Australia. (2010, August 1). Snapshots 2009: Nature of Tourism in Australia. Retrieved August 28, 2011, from Department of Resources, Energy and Toursim: http://www.ret.gov.au/tourism/Documents/tra/Snapshots%20and%20Factsheets/nature_09_FINAL.pdf
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LEARNING REFLECTIONS
LACHLAN ROSS
On reflecting upon this assignment now that it has been completed, I feel much more confident within myself that I have acquired the knowledge of some useful tools that will be of great benefit to my future career concerning the processes involved with marketing research and the correct theories and terminology that is used.
Having been on the other side of marketing research as the client many times, it was very
interesting to learn about the many considerations in choosing the type of research and how
in depth the data analysis process actually is. I also found it very interesting to learn about the
correct names of particular terminology which are often omitted from research reports as
research companies eliminate all jargon and simplify the report so it is easy for the client to
use.
The learning objectives and outcomes I hoped to achieve through completion of this
assignment were to gain a better understanding of the components of a market research
proposal, whilst increasing my knowledge of the use of different types of research methods in
different scenarios. I also unexpectedly increased my awareness of the importance of
understanding the cross-cultural barriers and considerations when undertaking market
research.
The learning objectives I had prior to the assignment were to understand the concepts and
processes of marketing research and be able to apply these marketing research concepts to,
what could be, a real scenario. Through this assignment I was able to fulfil my objectives and
further my understanding of marketing research. The assignment allowed me to think more
broadly about the needs and wants of different markets, as the markets for the assignment
were international visitors to Victoria. I learnt that every stage in the marketing research
process is fundamental and assists in the overall outcome of the market research.
APPENDIX 1
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Port Campbell National Park Satisfaction Questionnaire
Date: ____/ ____/______ Time: __________ Interviewer: _________________
What is your country of origin? __________________________________
Would you like to participate in a short personal interview relating to your satisfaction levels
in relation to Port Campbell National Park?
1. Information Sources
Which of the following information sources did you use to obtain information for
your visit to Port Campbell National Park? (Mark all options that apply)
Travel agent ‰
Advertising/travel articles or documentaries (TV, radio or print)
Travel book, guide or brochure
Internet search
Friends or relatives
Tourist Office/Visitor Information Centre
Motoring Associations
Return Visit
Other (please specify) _____________________________________
2. Satisfaction levels of services
How satisfied were you with the services provided by Port Campbell National Park?
Please circle only one response
Question unsatisfied somewhat unsatisfied
neither satisfied nor unsatisfied
somewhat satisfied
satisfied
Overall atmosphere 1 2 3 4 5
Front reception facilities 1 2 3 4 5
Quality of parking facilities 1 2 3 4 5
Maps and information services 1 2 3 4 5
Human tour guides 1 2 3 4 5
Variety of retail goods 1 2 3 4 5
3.
Expectations of services
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Overall, were your expectations of Port Campbell National Park fulfilled? YES/NO
Comments:_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Cultural barriers
Did you experience any cultural barriers while visiting Port Campbell National Park?
Please circle: YES / NO
If YES: What cultural barriers did you experience and what could we do to improve?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Issues or flaws with facilities and services
Were there any issues or flaws with the following facilities or services?
Please choose only one answer and complete comments if applicable
Question Rating If yes, please explain your experience
Overall atmosphere YES / NO
Front reception facilities YES / NO
Parking facilities YES / NO
Maps and information services YES / NO
Human tour guides YES / NO
Amenities (including toilets etc) YES / NO
6. Attitudes
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Please provide a response to following the statements about Port Campbell National Park.
Please circle only one response.Question Disagree
stronglyDisagree somewhat
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree somewhat
Agree strongly
I had a good first impression when i arrived
1 2 3 4 5
I feel there were enough information boards available at the park
1 2 3 4 5
Directional signage to Port Campbell National Park was adequate
1 2 3 4 5
The opening hours met my needs 1 2 3 4 5
I feel I received value for money when visiting
1 2 3 4 5
I would recommend this experience to others
1 2 3 4 5
7. Improvements needed to attract and satisfy the target market
Are there improvements needed to attract and further satisfy your visit to Port Campbell
National Park? YES / NO
If YES, please explain: _____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8. Is there anything else that was not currently provided that you feel would have increased
your overall satisfaction with the services provided at Port Campbell National Park? -
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
9. What else about this attraction were you particularly happy with on your recent visit? Did
you have any good experiences at the attraction that you did not plan or expect?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Thank you for your valuable feedback about the services and facilities provided at Port
Campbell National Park.
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