ParkPlug - ClimateSpark pitch

This information is confidential and was prepared by ParkPlug Power for internal use only; it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without ParkPlug’s prior written consent.

September 20th, 2011

2

Agenda

•Intro to EVs and EV

charging

•EV charging in condos

•Potential solution

3

What is an EV?

•Any vehicle that has

electric motors

providing torque to

the wheels

For the purpose of today’s discussion, focus on

any vehicle that can or must plug into the grid to

charge

• May or may not also have

an internal combustion

engine (I.C.E.) onboard

(providing power directly

to the wheels, or

recharging the battery)

4

Today’s EVs have evolved from the “oversized golf carts” of just a few years ago

Nissan Leaf

Ford Transit Connect

GM Chevy Volt

Tesla Roadster 2.5

Source: Automaker websites

5

A broad list of automakers from around the world are producing or will soon launch EV models

Source: One Million Electric Vehicles By 2015 (US DoE); Long-Range EV Charging Infrastructure Plan For Tennessee (ECOtality); The Electric Vehicle Market in the USA (Finpro)

Company Model Launch Company Model LaunchBYD e6 2010 Chevy Volt 2010Ford TRANSIT connect 2010 BYD F3DM 2011Nissan LEAF 2010 Fisker Karma 2011Tesla Roadster Sport 2.5 2010 Bright Auto. IDEA 2012Coda Sedan 2011 Fisker Nina 2012Mitsubishi i-MiEV 2011 Ford C-MAX Energi 2012Opel Ampera 2011 Ford Escape 2012Peugeot Urban 2011 Toyota Plug-in Prius 2012Renault Fluence Z.E. 2011 Volvo V60 2012Renault Kangoo Z.E. 2011 Volvo V70 2012Smart Fortwo electric drive 2011 BMW i8 2013TH!NK City 2011 BMW Vision 2013Navistar eStar (truck) 2011 Volkswagen XL1 2013Smith EVs Newton (truck) 2011 Mercedes S-Class 2013Tesla Model S 2012 Porsche 918 Spyder 2014Ford Focus 2012Audi e-tron 2012Fiat 500 minicar 2012Renault Twizy Z.E. 2012Renault Zoé Z.E. 2012Volkswagen E-Up 2013

Pure EVs Plug-in Hybrid EVs

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Even under the most conservative scenarios, a large number of EVs are coming to North American roads

Source: Long-Range EV Charging Infrastructure Plan For Tennessee March 2010 [www.ci.knoxville.tn.us/sustainability/ecotality_longrangeplan.pdf]

Estimates vary, but most see 500K-1M EVs on US roads by the end of this

decade

(U.S.)

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Why are EVs likely to catch on so rapidly?

•Better driving performance- Quieter operation (nearly silent)- Stronger torque & acceleration

•Lower CO2 emissions

- Essentially no emissions when powered by renewable energy sources

- Substantial reduction in CO2/km even when powered by typical mix of generating sources

•Lower cost to operate- ~90% reduction in fuel costs- Significant savings on maintenance

costs

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There are three primary ways to charge an EV

Level I Level II DC fast charge

SettingAnywhere there’s a wall

outlet

Residential (private and shared), commercial

locations

Major highway corridors, select commercial

settings

Power ~2 kW (120v @ 16 amps) ~8 kW (240v @ 32 amps) 50 kW +/- (~500v @ ~100 amps)

Approx. charge time

12 h 3 h <30 m

Plug type

J1772 J1772 CHAdeMO

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Agenda

•Intro to EVs and EV

charging

•EV charging in condos

•Potential solution

10

At least initially, most charging will happen where the car parks overnight, typically the owner’s residence

•Longest time parked (often 12-14 hours)

•Lowest cost of power overnight

•Certainty around ability to plug in: no chance it’s already taken

•Driving behaviour: Lack of widespread public charging network will limit early buyers to those who are fine charging only at night

‘“A lot of people ask me, ‘Where will we plug in?’” said Dan Davids, presi-dent of the advocacy group Plug-In America. “Two words: At home.” The simple fact is, most of our charging will be done at home while we’re sleeping.’

-WIRED, Aug 2011

Source: “Where Will We Plug In?”, WIRED Magazine, Aug 2011 [http://www.wired.com/autopia/2011/08/ev-charging-infrastructure/]

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Most residences in the GTA are not detached houses; a similar situation is true for Hamilton

0

20

40

60

80

100%

Composition of housing stock

( 2006 )

Hamilton

0.01

0.05

0.06

0.15

0.27M

Toronto ( GTA )

0.16

0.37

0.52

0.75

1.80M

More than 160K GTA households are condos

(in 2,200 res. condo bldgs)

Note: “Attached dwellings” includes primarily Semi-detached house, Row house, and Apartment - duplexSource: Statscan 2006 Census

58% ofGTA homes are not single- detached houses

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What is physically required to offer EV charging in a condo parking garage?

1. Electrical wiring (240 V @ 32 amps) from the main panel to the front of the owners parking space

2. A wall-mounted level II EV charger made by GE, Siemens, Schneider Electric, or other known brands

3. Possibly: A “programmable logic controller” (PLC) to throttle the charging load back in the event that the building’s circuits don’t have enough excess power for EV charging

Typically not required:

•Any additional sub-metering gear (charging stations have measurement-grade meter built in)

•Step-up or step-down transformers (charging works at voltage already found in most residential buildings)

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Condos – as well as other MURBs – pose a unique set of challenges for EV charging

All MURBs

• Any electrical wiring in the parking garage ties in to the building’s shared

electricity supply, so it’s difficult to accurately allocate energy costs

• The cost of the first installation will be quite high, but much of that cost

can later be shared with subsequent installations

Condo buildings Apartments + other

• Parking spaces are owned or

exclusive use; nearly impossible to

reassign

• The Condo Act provides strict

limits for what boards can

invest in (reserve fund, operating

fund can’t be used here)

• Visitor parking spaces are for that

only

• CAPEX is managed very tightly

by owners

• High turnover rate of tenants (to

be confirmed)

• Lower income demographic may

lead to price sensitivity (to be

confirmed)

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There are also a number of legal considerations to installing charging stations in condos

• Additions/alterations to common elements

• Liability and insurance

• Boundaries will differ from condo to condo

• New rules, policies required?

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Agenda

•Intro to EVs and EV

charging

•EV charging in condos

•Potential solution

16

ParkPlug Power helps condo buildings offer EV charging without any capital outlay

“Because condo owners deserve EVs too…”

Mission statement:

ParkPlug provides EV charging solutions for condominium buildings. As a 3rd party infrastructure developer, ParkPlug deploys, operates, and maintains charging equipment so that condo owners can charge EVs right at home.

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1. We identify a building

interested in providing EV charging to its owners…

2. …and enter into a partnership

agreement with the condo board

4. …and enter into a service

agreement with that owner

5. We engage an electrician to run the wiring and install the

charger

6. Later, as more people in

the building

start buying EVs…

7. …we enter into contracts with them and install their

chargers

The rollout of this business model occurs in several distinct phases

3. We then wait for an owner to be inter-ested in buying an EV

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After EVs charge using our equipment, we’ll collect from the drivers and settle up with the condo board

1. Each month, the EV draws

power from the building…

2. The EV driver pays us a

monthly service fee…

3. We then pay the condo board

for the power used

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There are several compelling benefits to all unit owners in a building that offers EV charging

Happier unit owners

Less power theft

Green marketing and higher resale values

Less board argument

This information is confidential and was prepared by ParkPlug Power for internal use only; it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without ParkPlug’s prior written consent.

ParkPlug Power Inc.600 King Street West, Suite 201 Toronto, ON M5V 1M3

416.900.3268www.parkplug.ca