Paraphrasing and Summarizing Definition of Paraphrasing: A restatement of a text or passage in another form or other words. Include ALL of the ideas mentioned.

Paraphrasing and Summarizing

Definition of Paraphrasing: A restatement of a text or passage in another form or other words.

• Include ALL of the ideas mentioned in the original passage

• Follow the ORIGINAL order of ideas

• Keep the length approximately the SAME as the original

• Do not add your own thoughts or views

Definition of Summary: Presenting the substance in a condensed form by reducing to its main points

• Include only the MAIN points of the original passage

• Do NOT worry about following the original order of ideas

• Keep the length to between ¼ and ½ of the length of the original

• Do not add your own thoughts or ideas

Paraphrasing and Summarizing

Original Text:

“Australian cuisine has the most diverse range, quality, and inventiveness than many others in the world. Australia is also well known for its fresh ingredients such as seafood, local fruits, beef and lamb, as well as its world class cheeses” (“Food” 1)

Paraphrased Text: Which parts of this paraphrasing are too close to the original?

Australian food is considered to have a wide range and is best known

for its quality and uniqueness when compared to many others in the

world. They are also famous for their fresh ingredients, such as

seafood, local fruits, beef and lamb, as well as its world class

cheeses. 

Paraphrasing and Summarizing

Original Text:

“Australian cuisine has the most diverse range, quality, and inventiveness than many others in the world. Australia is also well known for its fresh ingredients such as seafood, local fruits, beef and lamb, as well as its world class cheeses” (“Food” 1)

Summarized Text: What could be added to make this a more effective summary?

Food in Australia is world famous for its wide range and unique

flavors.

Paraphrasing and Summarizing

“Darfur has been embroiled in a deadly conflict for over seven years.  At least 500,000 people have been killed; more than 2.7 million innocent civilians have been forced to flee their homes and now live in displaced-persons camps in Sudan or in refugee camps in neighboring Chad; and more than 3.5 million men, women, and children are completely reliant on international aid for survival” (“Darfur Primer” 1).

Paraphrasing and Summarizing

Parenthetical Documentation

What is Parenthetical Documentation?

Parenthetical Documentation is giving credit to your SOURCES in your research paper, even on information you PARAPHRASED or SUMMARIZED.

How often should I document?

Every TIME you use information from a source, you should document.

How much of my paper should be documented?

You do not have to document your TOPIC or TRANSITION sentence because you wrote them. The rest of every body paragraph must be from a SOURCE, and must be documented.

How do you document?

To document, you put important information in PARENTHESIS after the information you have QUOTED, PARAPHRASED, or SUMMARIZED.

Parenthetical Documentation

What if a paragraph is in my own words and from only one source?

If an entire paragraph came from the same SOURCE, and you PARAPHRASE or SUMMARIZE the entire paragraph, you only have document ONCE at the end of the paragraph. In this case, the PERIOD goes before the documentation.

Parenthetical Documentation

What if I use more than one source to put a paragraph together?

If you used more than one SOURCE to construct a paragraph, you must document after each BLOCK of INFORMATION. If each BLOCK of INFORMATION is more than one sentence, the period goes BEFORE the documentation. If each BLOCK of INFORMATION is just one sentence, then the period goes AFTER the documentation.

Parenthetical Documentation

How do I know what to put in the parenthesis when I am documenting?

When you document a BOOK source WITH AN AUTHOR, you put the author’s LAST name and the PAGE NUMBER.

Example: (Smith 3)

When you document a BOOK source WITHOUT AN AUTHOR, you put the TITLE of the BOOK and the PAGE NUMBER. Example:(Germany the Beautiful 12-15)

Parenthetical Documentation

How do I know what to put in the parenthesis when I am documenting?

When you document an INTERNET source WITH AN AUTHOR, you put the author’s LAST name and the PAGE NUMBER.

Example: (Jones 3-5)

When you document an INTERNET source WITHOUT AN AUTHOR, you put the TITLE of the WEBSITE and the PAGE NUMBER. Example: (“German Food” 2-5)

Parenthetical Documentation

Works Cited

“Food in Germany.” Foods Around the World. 6 February 2007. Web. 30 January 2010.

German Culture. Berlin: Deutschland Publishing, 2007. Print.

Schaefer, Laurie. Personal Interview. 5 February 2007.

Wooten, Meredith. I Love Kraut. Pfafftown: Tabor Publishers, 1999. Print.

Zimmermeyer, Dave. “Soccer, the Unknown Sport.” Sports Unlimited. 5 March 2009. Web.

2 February 2010.

Food is an interesting aspect of Germany’s culture. This first and second sentence of the paragraph are from an Internet source without an author, which is very common for Internet sources. The Internet source is only three pages long, and you know that because the printout tells you in the upper right hand corner( ) The next two sentences are from a brochure, which is always documented as if it is a book. Often, because brochures are written by advertising agencies, you will not have an author, so remember that you just use the title, which you can usually find on the front cover of the brochure ( ) This one sentence is from an interview with one of your favorite teachers who traveled to Germany; this teacher gave some wonderful insight into the food of the country and how much she loved it ( ) The final three sentences are from a book with an author. You found this great information on food to finish the paragraph. The page numbers that you used were pages 1121-1123 ( ) Many spectators at the popular sports in Germany enjoy eating these wonderful foods.