Paper J CLASSIFICATION OF LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION The schedule for depth classification of lib- rary classification is given. It includes ex- tracts from the schedules for common matter, and energy isolates now in the process of construction. The schedule is based on the standards for library classification given in the paper in this issue. It makes use of the devices of telescoping arrays as well as facets, wherever found necessary. o INTRODUCTION The policy adopted for the development. of Colon Classification is to maintain the already published basic volume uptodate. Its edition 6 is just out. The schedules given in it are believed to be necessary and nearly sufficient to classify the macro-documents of today. In other words, it is sufficient to classify the books in a general library and perhaps to a large extent even those in a library specialis- ing in a particular subject. However, what is micro thought today, ge rt irig embodied only in articles in periodicals, may sooner or later, attract to itself whole books. There- fore, even this basic volume will have to be progressively enriched with additional isolates. Apart from this, we do want even now many additional isolates to classify micro documents, ie articles in periodicals. Classifying such documents is Called depth classification as V7 N 3 Sep 1960 S R RANGANATHAN against basic classification. The first attempt to provide such detailed schedules was for the Depth Classification of Management. This schedule occurs in the Annals of library science 1956, 3, 33_. The present article on the depth classification of library classifica- tion is the second attempt of this kind. 01 Postulational Approach To make classification, particularly depth classification, less ardous, the method of postulational approach is being developed by the Indian School since 1956. In the course of applying that method, it has been found that new isolates are frequently needed for common energy isolates, common matter isolates or property and value isolates, and common personality isolates. It has been estimated that many of the newly emerging micro documents can be classified if these depth schedules are worked out once for all. Apart from this, it has been found that special energy isolates suited to particular subjects are not likely to be many. On the other hand special personality isolates are bound to crop up continuously from time to time. 65
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Paper J
CLASSIFICATION
OF LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION
The schedule for depth classification of lib-rary classification is given. It includes ex-tracts from the schedules for common matter,and energy isolates now in the process ofconstruction. The schedule is based on thestandards for library classification given inthe paper in this issue. It makes use of thedevices of telescoping arrays as well asfacets, wherever found necessary.
o INTRODUCTION
The policy adopted for the development. ofColon Classification is to maintain the alreadypublished basic volume uptodate. Its edition6 is just out. The schedules given in it arebelieved to be necessary and nearly sufficientto classify the macro-documents of today. Inother words, it is sufficient to classify thebooks in a general library and perhaps to alarge extent even those in a library specialis-ing in a particular subject. However, what ismicro thought today, ge rt irig embodied onlyin articles in periodicals, may sooner orlater, attract to itself whole books. There-fore, even this basic volume will have to beprogressively enriched with additional isolates.Apart from this, we do want even now manyadditional isolates to classify micro documents,ie articles in periodicals. Classifying suchdocuments is Called depth classification as
V 7 N 3 Sep 1960
S R RANGANATHAN
against basic classification. The first attemptto provide such detailed schedules was for theDepth Classification of Management. Thisschedule occurs in the Annals of libraryscience 1956, 3, 33_. The present article onthe depth classification of library classifica-tion is the second attempt of this kind.
01 Postulational Approach
To make classification, particularly depthclassification, less ardous, the method ofpostulational approach is being developed bythe Indian School since 1956. In the course ofapplying that method, it has been found that newisolates are frequently needed for commonenergy isolates, common matter isolates orproperty and value isolates, and commonpersonality isolates.
It has been estimated that many of the newlyemerging micro documents can be classifiedif these depth schedules are worked out oncefor all. Apart from this, it has been foundthat special energy isolates suited to particularsubjects are not likely to be many. On theother hand special personality isolates arebound to crop up continuously from time totime.
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JOZ RANGANATHAN
02 Seminal Schedules
Ideally, even special seminal personalityisolates needed for future work can be madeto depend upon a few systematic and seminalmnemonics. But we know that literary war-rant, existing today and anticipated in theimmediate future, requires certain oft-recur-ring special personality isolates. It is, there-fore, a convenience to have an explicit sche-dule of them. The second round, first level,personality isolates in articles on libraryclassification belong to this category. Thatis why this paper attempts to construct aschedule of them. It is hoped that this willshow the way to construct similar depthschedules for library cataloguing, referenceservice, book selection, library administra-tion and other divisions of library science.
Exha us ti vene s sHelpful sequenceConsistent sequenceFor chainDecreasing extensionModulationFor termsCurrencyReticenceEnumerationContextFor notationHospitality in arrayHospitality in chainRelativityExpressivenessMnemonicsVerbal mnemonicsScheduled mnemonicsSeminal mnemonic sMixed notationPure notationBook numberCollection numberCharacteristicsDifferentiationConcomitanceRelevanceAscertainabilityPermanenceRelevant sequenceConsistencyPrinciples (to implement aH to a14)Increasing concretenessIncreasing artificialityFor sequence of facetsFirst facetCow-CalfActand-Action-Actor- ToolWall-PictureWhole _Or gan s Con s tituentInversion (for facet formulae)For sequence of enumerated isolates
(Systematic mnemonics)Increasing quantityLater -in-evolutionLater -in- timeSpatial contiguityAway -f r ornvpo ai ti onLeft to rightBottom to topClock-wiseInc r e a s in g complexityCanonical sequence
GeneralAccuracyToleranceSeparabilityDefinedUndefinedPurityHeterogeneitylnvarianceUniquenessNo nvu niquenes sSu b c o r d in at en e s sModulationCo c ordi nat erie s sCollateralnessCoris ist enc yHelpfulnessFiliatorine s sExhaustivenes sExclusivenessCo-extensivenessNon c c o ext.en s ive ne s sExpressivenessNon_expressivenessHospitality
ClosednessOpennessRightLeftAboveBelow
r1ri6ri7r5r56
s25s256s43s436s44s446s735s7356s7&
p3p4p41p42p7
111
V 7 N 3 Sep 1960
J1
Interpolatabili tyRigidityCapacity
CommutativenessNonc.c o rn m ut at iv en e s sDis tr ibutiv ene s sNon-distributivenes sTransitivenessNon -t r an s it iv e ne s sR eversibilityNon-rever sibilityReciprocityNon-reciprocityStabilityInstabilityDynamism
Pr onou nc ibi l icyNon-pronouncibilityMeaningfulnessMeaningles snes s
V'i sib i l i tyNon-visibilityMemorisabilityNo n c m e mo r is abilityRational-nessIr r ational- nes sEfficiencyInefficiencyV ers atility
Common [E] Isolates
T r ansfo rm ationInt erpretationAs a wholeSt ep , by - stepComposition
Special Isolates
Foci in the further Arrays of [ZP](That is, after Array of Order 1)
ClassHost
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J1 RANGANATHAN
111 Favoured 23B Public time12 Basic 23C Private time121 Main 2~E Era122 Canonical 23F Unit13 Compound 24 Space131 Order l' 241 Level 1132 Order 2 242 Level 2
Extend by (00) Extend by (00)
14 Complex 24B Subject division141 Order 1 24C Orientation division142 Order 2 24E Sea-board division
Extend by (00) 24P Linguistic division24V Political division24V1 Ne o c sove r ef gn division
15 Phase24V4 Empire division
151 First24V8 Administrative division
152 Second25 Energy
Extend by (00) 251 Round 1252 Round 2
16 Phase relation Extend by (00)
161 General162 Bias163 Comparison 26 Matter164 Difference 261 Round 1166 Influencing 2611 Level 117 Quasi Class 2612 Level 2
177 Classic Extend by (OD)181 New Class184 Defunct class185 T r ansferr ed c l a s s 262 Round 2191 Order of class 2621 Level 11911 First 2622 Level 21912 Second
Isolate ideaSpecialEnergyMatterPersonalityCommonAnteriorisingAfter time facetAfter space facetPosteriorisingTimeSpaceEnergyMatterPersonalityIntegralDi sjunc tiveSuperimposedOrder 1Order 2EnvironmentComplex
ConnectorIndicatorOctaviserBy valueCardinalOrdinalAbsoluteRationalIntegerDec irn al fractionBy structureMonolithicFacetedScheduleSingleMultipleAuxiliaryPlanes of workIdeaVerbalNotationalSequenceAccession
Macro thought (2P) 9GMain class (2P) H1Manuscript (ZP) 9MMaterials (2P) 9XMatter
facet (2P) 26Round 1 (2P) 261
level 1 (2P) 2611level 2 (2P) 2612
Round 2 (ZP) 262level 1 (2P) 2621level (2P) 2622
isolate (2P) 316Posteriorising (2P) 346
Meaningfullness (CMr) p4
An lib $C
Meaninglessness \CMI) p4bMemorisability (CM!) s43Merrill system (ZP) 77MMicro thought (ZP) 9KMiniature collection number (ZP) 781ZMissing link (2P) 594Mixed Notation
Canon of (CPr) a1476Mnemonics
Canon for (CP!) a1475Modulation (CM!) aB13
Canon of (CPI) a145ZMonolithic (ZP) 7921Multiple schedule (2P) 8Z
Naturallanguage (ZP) 691Neoc s ove r ei gn division (ZP) Z4V1New
Late r c in ,evolution (C Pr) a 15Z8time (CPO a1543
Lit e r a r y w a r r ant (CPr) a1547Sequence of facets (CPI) a15ZSpati al contiguity (CP!) a1544Wall-picture (CpO a1524Whole-organ-constituent (CpO a1525
Private time (2P) Z3CProblems
in co mrnon Personalityisolates (CPI) ay
Pronouncibility (CMI) p1Public time (ZP) Z3BPunctuation mark (ZP) 7927Pure notation
Canon of (CPI) a14761Purity (CMI) a73
Quasiclass (ZP) 17isolate (ZP) 397
Ranganathan system (ZP) 77RRationalness (CMI) s44Reading room collection (ZP) 7857Reciprocity (CMl) b36Relative number (ZP) 717