Paper 1 – Move to Global War. Lesson 3a – German Foreign Policy (1933~38) Essential Question Examine the ways in which Hitler challenged the postwar.

Paper 1 – Move to Global War

Paper 1 – Move to Global War

Lesson 3a – German Foreign Policy (1933~38)Essential QuestionExamine the ways in which Hitler challenged the postwar settlement until the end of 1937Learning Outcomes - Students will:

◦ Preview – Nazi ideology &foreign policy?◦ Understand the international context before

Hitler◦ Learn about the changes Hitler made to German

foreign policy

Success CriteriaI can discuss why Hitler was successful pre-1937

Leave space for 2 lessons

ReviewWhy did Hitler come into

power?◦Factors outside of Hitler’s control?◦Factor’s within his control?

According to Nazi Ideology, what are the foreign policy goals?◦What do they hate?◦How will they solve this problem?◦Do you think they will accept the

current situation or attempt to change it? Why?

VocabKonstantin von NeurathStresa FrontRome-Berlin AxisAnti-Comintern Pact

ReadingSL & HL – Pg. 141-155

(Move to Global War)HL – Pg. 17~38

(Interwar Years)◦ Make sure you are adding

to Notes Essential Question

◦ IB Math Notes only = max 5 Textbook only = max 5 Notes + Textbook = 6~7

2 Lessons

Context – early 1930sAll these occur before Hitler

arrives◦Depression◦Japanese aggression in Asia◦WW1 memory is still fresh◦Weakness of the League of Nations◦Rethinking Versailles

1929~30 - France and Britain had evacuated the Rhineland

1932 – Lausanne Conference almost ended reparations

The world

is

changing

already

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals Hitler kept the Conservative Foreign

Minister Konstantin von Neurath◦ Ease European concerns about Hitler ◦ At first, Hitler is more concerned about

consolidating his own power in Germany Foreign Policy Goal – Undue

Versailles & avoid isolation1. Isolate France

◦ 1933 - Germany withdraws from the World Disarmament Conference over French refusal to allow German rearmament

◦ 1934 – 10 Year non-aggression pact with Poland, which undermined earlier defensive agreements France made in 1921 to keep the Germans busy in the East

How do you

think Britain

responded?

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals

1. Isolate France2. Grow the military

◦ 3 Feb 1933 – Hitler informs the German military that his goal is to make Germany the strongest military by 1936

◦ 1935 – reintroduces conscription and re-introduces a German airforce

◦ June 1935 – Britain and Germany sign a naval agreement allowing Germany to build a navy no more than 35% the size of the British navy

◦ 1936 – Hitler reoccupies the Rhineland, which was against the T of V and Locarno Treaty

Correctly believed that Britain and France would do nothing

Why didn’t

the US do

anything?

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals1. Isolate France2. Grow the military3. Break up the Stresa Front

◦ What was the Stesa Front?◦ 1935 – France and Britain condemn

Mussolini’s invasion of Abyssinia, while German supports him

◦ 1936 – Germany and Italy work together to send troops to aid in the Spanish civil war

Franco agrees to provide raw materials for Hitler The German military practiced tactics Seen as a defender against communism

◦ Nov 1936 – Rome-Berlin Axis Hitler needed Mussolini’s support for annexing

Austria With Mussolini’s intervention in Spain, Mussolini

had further isolated himself from Britain and France

◦ 1936~7 – Anti-Comintern Pact

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals

Goal: Undue Versailles & avoid Isolation◦How successful has Hitler

been?◦Why do you think he was so

successful? Could he have been stopped? Why wasn’t he?

◦Compared with 1933, what is Germany’s status within Europe?

Lesson 3b – German Foreign Policy (1933~38)

Essential QuestionExamine the ways in which Hitler challenged the postwar settlement until the end of 1937Learning Outcomes - Students will:

◦Review – Hitler’s successes◦Discuss the Hossbach Memorandum

Success CriteriaI can explain how to answer my essential question

Leave space for 2 lessons

ReviewHow successful has

Hitler been with his foreign policy goals?

What lesson has Hitler learned from British and French inaction?

VocabHossbach Memorandum

ReadingSL & HL – Pg. 141-155

(Move to Global War)HL – Pg. 17~38

(Interwar Years)◦ Make sure you are adding

to Notes Essential Question

◦ IB Math Notes only = max 5 Textbook only = max 5 Notes + Textbook = 6~7

2 Lessons

Hossbach MemorandumNov. 5, 1937 – Hitler holds a

meeting with his top military generals and ministers

Hitler outlines his goal for German foreign policy◦ “Germany's future was therefore

wholly conditional upon the solving of the need for space”

◦ “The question for Germany ran: where could she achieve the greatest gain at the lowest cost?”

According to this, what is the goal for

German Foreign Policy?

According to this, how will

German achieve this

goal?

Hossbach Memorandum

Hitler outlines his goal for German foreign policy◦ Case 1: Period 1943-1945

“After this date only a change for the worse, from our point of view, could be expected.”

◦ Case 2 “If internal strife in France should

develop into such a domestic crisis as to absorb the French Army completely and render it incapable of use for war against Germany, then the time for action against the Czechs had come.”

◦ For the improvement of our politico-military position our first objective, in the event of our being embroiled in war, must be to overthrow Czechoslovakia and Austria simultaneously in order to remove the threat to our flank in any possible operation against the west.

According to this, when will

war have to take place and

end?

According to this, who

should Germany attack?

Why should they attack

Czechoslovakia?

Hossbach Memorandum

How might the world respond?◦ Britain

Actually, the Führer believed that almost certainly Britain, and probably France as well, had already tacitly written off the Czechs and were reconciled to the fact that this question would be cleared up in due course by Germany.

Difficulties connected with the Empire, and the prospect of being once more entangled in a protracted European war, were decisive considerations for Britain against participation in a war against Germany.

◦ France An attack by France without British

support, and with the prospect of the offensive being brought to a standstill on our western fortifications, was hardly probable. Nor was a French march through Belgium and Holland without British support to be expected;

Is this accurate?

What event after might show this?

Why wouldn’t Britain stop Germany?

Why wouldn’t France stop Germany?

Hossbach Memorandum

How might the world respond?◦ Italy

Italy was not expected to object to the elimination of the Czechs, but it was impossible at the moment to estimate what her attitude on the Austrian question would be; that depended essentially upon whether the Duce were still alive.

◦ Russia Military intervention by Russia

must be countered by the swiftness of our operations; however, whether such an intervention was a practical contingency at all was, in view of Japan's attitude, more than doubtful.

What was Italy’s

concern? What event

shows this to be true?

What does Hitler not want to

happen with Russia?

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals

What questions does this ask you to answer?

How could you challenge this question?◦Hint: Continuity

Essential QuestionExamine the ways in which Hitler challenged the postwar settlement until the end of 1937