Untuk D3/S1 Teknik, Non Teknik & SLTA PANDUAN KARIR MIGAS Heru Prasadja,ST
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Untuk D3/S1 Teknik, Non Teknik & SLTA
PANDUAN KARIR MIGAS
Heru Prasadja,ST
PANDUAN KARIR
MIGAS
HERU PRASADJA, ST
Civil Engineer, Universitas Indonesia
Former Senior Structural Engineer Oil Gas
Director of Petros Oil & Gas Training
Oil Gas Career Consultant
Panduan Karir Migas
www.oilgascareerguide.com
PENDAHULUAN
Bekerja di perusahaan Migas menjadi impian banyak orang, besarnya gaji serta fasilitas yang diberikan
perusahaan Migas menjadi faktor utama untuk meraih karir di sektor ini. Namun tidak semua orang
beruntung mendapatkan karir Migas, hal ini disebabkan :
1. Pelamar tidak mengetahui peta karir Migas secara utuh sehingga banyak pelamar yang
terjebak hanya melamar ke satu jenis perusahaan Migas saja (yang kebetulan paling
sulit dimasuki), yaitu KKKS, Drilling & Oil Service, padahal diluar itu banyak perusahaan
Migas jenis lain yang menawarkan karir sama baiknya dengan jenis KKKS dengan cara
masuk yang lebih mudah.
2. Pelamar tidak tahu apa saja posisi yang bisa ia lamar sesuai bidang studinya dan apa
persyaratannya. Bila hal ini ia ketahui sejak mahasiswa, ia akan menyiapkan
kemampuan teknikal melalui kursus-kursus keahlian migas yang relevan dan giat
melatih softskillnya.
3. Minimnya database mengenai alamat perusahaan-perusahaan Migas di Indonesia
sehingga ia tidak tahu kemana lagi harus melamar selain Chevron, Total, Conocophillips,
Shell, BP, Schlumberger & Halliburton.
Informasi dalam buku ini disusun berdasar 13 tahun pengalaman penulis bekerja di bidang Migas,
melatih lebih dari 5000 insinyur muda dalam keahlian Migas, mengumpulkan ratusan tulisan dari
berbagai sumber serta masukan dari kolega penulis. Ada juga penulis beli beberapa website berbayar
penyedia informasi Migas (membership $300/tahun) sehingga anda tidak perlu mengeluarkan biaya
mahal untuk mendapatkan informasi tersebut.
Harapan penulis, semoga informasi yang saya tulis dapat membuka wawasan Anda mengenai karir
Migas, mengetahui 'tingkat kesiapan Anda saat ini' dan menyusun strategi lebih baik guna menembus
karir Migas.
Penulis
Heru Prasadja,ST
1
1
DAFTAR ISI
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 JENIS-JENIS PERUSAHAAN MIGAS.......................................................................................... 9
1.1 Oil Company / Kontraktor Kontrak Kerja Sama (Kkks) ........................................................... 10
1.2 Exploration/Geoservices Company ........................................................................................ 10
1.3 Drilling Company ................................................................................................................... 10
1.4 Oil Service Company ............................................................................................................. 11
1.5 Engineering Company ........................................................................................................... 11
1.6 Procurement & Construction Company ................................................................................. 11
1.7 Installation Company ............................................................................................................. 12
1.8 Inspection Company .............................................................................................................. 12
1.9 Equipment Vendor ................................................................................................................ 12
1.10 Supplier Lain-Lain .................................................................................................................. 13
2 OIL COMPANY (KKKS) ............................................................................................................. 14
2.1 Kegiatan Perusahaan Kkks .................................................................................................... 14
Exploration .................................................................................................................... 14
Production ..................................................................................................................... 14
Refinering ...................................................................................................................... 18
Penyimpanan ................................................................................................................. 19
Sales & Marketing .......................................................................................................... 19
2.2 Formasi Karir Di Perusahaan Kkks ......................................................................................... 20
2.3 Standar Gaji ........................................................................................................................... 22
3 GEOSERVICES/EXPLORATION COMPANY ............................................................................ 23
3.1 Aktifitas Perusahaan Geoservices .......................................................................................... 23
3.1.1 Tahap Survey ................................................................................................................. 23
3.1.2 Tahap Prognosis ............................................................................................................ 24
3.2 Formasi Karir Di Perusahaan Geoservices .............................................................................. 25
3.2.1 Geoscientist ................................................................................................................... 26
Panduan Karir Migas
2 www.oilgascareerguide.com
2
3.1.1.1 Geochemist ................................................................................................................ 26
3.1.1.2 Geophysicist............................................................................................................... 26
3.1.1.3 Geologist .................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.2 Petrophysics ......................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.3 Reservoir Engineer ............................................................................................................... 28
4 DRILLING COMPANY .............................................................................................................. 29
4.1 Perusahaan Yang Terlibat Dalam Drilling .............................................................................. 29
4.2 Tahapan Pengeboran ............................................................................................................ 30
4.3 Jenis Drilling Rig .................................................................................................................... 30
4.4 Komponen Rig ....................................................................................................................... 32
4.5 Aktifitas Dalam Drilling .......................................................................................................... 33
Aktifitas Oil Company .................................................................................................... 33
Aktfifitas Drilling Company ............................................................................................ 33
Akktifitas Oil Service Company ...................................................................................... 34
4.6 Formasi Karir Di Drilling Company ......................................................................................... 34
Oil Company Employees ................................................................................................ 35
4.6.1.1 Company Man ............................................................................................................ 36
4.6.1.2 Drilling Engineer ........................................................................................................ 36
Drilling Employees ......................................................................................................... 37
4.6.2.1 Drilling Crew .............................................................................................................. 37
Drilling Superintendent ........................................................................................ 37
Toolpusher ........................................................................................................... 37
Driller ................................................................................................................... 38
Assisten Driller ..................................................................................................... 39
Derrickman .......................................................................................................... 40
Roughneck (Floorman) ......................................................................................... 40
Roustabout .......................................................................................................... 41
Motorman ............................................................................................................ 41
4.6.2.2 Drilling Technician...................................................................................................... 42
Chief Engineer ...................................................................................................... 42
Mechanical Department ....................................................................................... 42
Panduan Karir Migas
3 www.oilgascareerguide.com
3
Electrical Department .......................................................................................... 42
4.6.2.3 Electronic Department ............................................................................................... 43
Warehouseman/Stock Keeper .............................................................................. 43
4.6.2.4 Marine Operation ....................................................................................................... 44
Offshore Installation Manager .............................................................................. 44
Barge Master ........................................................................................................ 44
Stability Technician/Mates ................................................................................... 45
Dinamic Position Operator (Dpo) ......................................................................... 45
Ballast Control ...................................................................................................... 46
Subsea Engineer ................................................................................................... 46
Crane Operator .................................................................................................... 46
Painter ................................................................................................................. 47
Welder.................................................................................................................. 47
4.6.2.5 Safety Officer ............................................................................................................. 47
4.6.2.6 Rig Medic ................................................................................................................... 47
4.6.2.7 Catering & House Keeping Crew ................................................................................ 48
Oil Service Crew ............................................................................................................. 48
4.7 Standar Gaji ........................................................................................................................... 48
4.8 Program Recruitment Drilling Company ................................................................................ 50
5 OIL SERVICE COMPANY .......................................................................................................... 52
5.1 Aktifitas Oil Services Company .............................................................................................. 52
Drilling ........................................................................................................................... 52
5.1.1.1 Cementing ................................................................................................................. 52
5.1.1.2 Directional Drilling ..................................................................................................... 53
5.1.1.3 Mud ............................................................................................................................ 53
5.1.1.4 Mud Logging .............................................................................................................. 53
5.1.1.5 Fishing ....................................................................................................................... 54
5.1.1.6 Solid Control/Waste Management ............................................................................. 54
Characterization ............................................................................................................ 54
5.1.2.1 Wireline Logging ........................................................................................................ 54
5.1.2.2 Well Testing ............................................................................................................... 55
Panduan Karir Migas
4 www.oilgascareerguide.com
4
Well Completion ............................................................................................................ 55
5.1.3.1 Perforating ................................................................................................................. 55
5.1.3.2 Sand Control .............................................................................................................. 56
5.1.3.3 Stimulation ................................................................................................................ 56
Production ..................................................................................................................... 56
5.1.4.1 Artificial Lift ............................................................................................................... 57
5.1.4.2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) .................................................................................... 57
5.1.4.3 Production Logging .................................................................................................... 58
Well Intervention ........................................................................................................... 58
Decomissioning & Abandonment .................................................................................. 58
5.2 Formasi Karir Di Oil Service Company ................................................................................... 59
Geochemist .................................................................................................................... 60
Geologist & Geophysics ................................................................................................. 60
Field Engineer ................................................................................................................ 60
5.2.3.1 Cementing Engineer .................................................................................................. 60
5.2.3.2 Mud Engineer ............................................................................................................. 60
5.2.3.3 Filtering Engineer ....................................................................................................... 60
5.2.3.4 Data Engineer ............................................................................................................ 60
5.2.3.5 Mud Logger ................................................................................................................ 60
5.2.3.6 Sample Catcher .......................................................................................................... 60
5.2.3.7 Directional Driller (DD) ............................................................................................... 60
5.2.3.8 Mwd/Lwd Engineer .................................................................................................... 61
5.2.3.9 Radioactive Protection Supervisor ............................................................................. 61
5.2.3.10 Gyro Engineer ........................................................................................................ 61
5.2.3.11 Coring Engineer ...................................................................................................... 61
5.2.3.12 Logging Engineer ................................................................................................... 61
5.2.3.13 Slickline Engineer ................................................................................................... 61
5.2.3.14 ROV Engineer ......................................................................................................... 61
5.2.3.15 Casing Crew ........................................................................................................... 61
Stabber .............................................................................................................. 62
Power Tong Operator ......................................................................................... 62
Panduan Karir Migas
5 www.oilgascareerguide.com
5
Inspector ............................................................................................................ 62
5.2.3.16 Wellhead Engineer ................................................................................................. 62
5.2.3.17 Bit Engineer ............................................................................................................ 62
5.2.3.18 Circulaing Sub Engineer ......................................................................................... 62
5.2.3.19 Line Hanger Engineer ............................................................................................. 62
5.2.3.20 Fisherman .............................................................................................................. 62
5.2.3.21 Waste Management Engineer ................................................................................ 63
5.2.3.22 Completion Engineer .............................................................................................. 63
5.3 Standar Gaji ........................................................................................................................... 63
6 ENGINEERING COMPANY ....................................................................................................... 64
6.1 Pengertian EPC...................................................................................................................... 64
6.2 Aktifitas Engineering Company ............................................................................................. 65
Tahapan Desain ............................................................................................................. 65
6.2.1.1 Phase Front End Engineering Design (FEED) .............................................................. 65
6.2.1.2 Phase Detail Design ................................................................................................... 65
6.3 Divisi Dalam Perusahan Engineering ..................................................................................... 65
Divisi Process (Teknik Kimia) .......................................................................................... 66
Divisi Process Safety ...................................................................................................... 66
Piping ............................................................................................................................. 66
6.3.3.1 Sub Divisi Pipe Stress Analysis ................................................................................... 66
6.3.3.2 Sub Divisi Piping Material ........................................................................................... 66
6.3.3.3 Sub Divisi Piping Design ............................................................................................. 67
Divisi Mechanical ........................................................................................................... 67
Divisi Civil/Structure ....................................................................................................... 67
Divisi Electrical .............................................................................................................. 68
Divisi Instrument ............................................................................................................ 68
Project Control ............................................................................................................... 68
6.4 Formasi Karir Di Perusahaan Engineering .............................................................................. 69
6.5 Standar Gaji ........................................................................................................................... 70
Perusahaan Lokal ........................................................................................................... 70
Perusahaan Asing .......................................................................................................... 70
Panduan Karir Migas
6 www.oilgascareerguide.com
6
7 PERUSAHAAN PROCUREMENT & CONSTRUCTION ..............................................................71
7.1 Aktifitas Perusahaan Procurement & Construction .................................................................71
Divisi Procurement ..........................................................................................................71
Divisi Construction ......................................................................................................... 72
7.1.2.1 Sub Divisi Project Management ................................................................................. 72
7.1.2.2 Sub Divisi Engineering................................................................................................ 72
7.1.2.3 Sub Divisi Fabrication ................................................................................................. 73
7.1.2.4 Sub Divisi Material Control ......................................................................................... 74
7.1.2.5 Sub Divisi Estimator ................................................................................................... 75
7.1.2.6 Sub Divisi Quality Control .......................................................................................... 75
7.1.2.7 Sub Divisi Health Safety Environment ........................................................................ 75
Divisi Commissioning ..................................................................................................... 76
7.2 Standar Gaji ........................................................................................................................... 76
Perusahaan Lokal ........................................................................................................... 76
Perusahaan Asing .......................................................................................................... 76
8 POLA TEST DI PERUSAHAAN MIGAS ...................................................................................... 77
8.1 Tahap Test Di KKKS, Drilling & Oilservice ............................................................................... 77
Seleksi Administrasi ....................................................................................................... 78
Test Akademik ............................................................................................................... 78
Psikotest ........................................................................................................................ 78
Softskills Test ................................................................................................................. 78
8.1.4.1 Communication Assessment Test .............................................................................. 79
8.1.4.2 Forum Discussion Group (FGD) .................................................................................. 79
8.1.4.3 Behavioral Based Interview ........................................................................................ 80
8.1.4.4 Presentation Skill ....................................................................................................... 80
8.1.4.5 Medical Check Up....................................................................................................... 81
8.2 Bagaimana Memperoleh Nilai Tinggi Dalam Test? ................................................................ 82
8.3 Tahapan Test Di Perusahaan EPC .......................................................................................... 83
Pertanyaan Teknikal Yang Sering Ditanyakan Dalam Test Di EPC ................................. 83
8.3.1.1 Electrical Engineer ..................................................................................................... 83
8.3.1.2 Instrument Engineer .................................................................................................. 85
Panduan Karir Migas
7 www.oilgascareerguide.com
7
8.3.1.3 Process Engineer ........................................................................................................ 86
8.3.1.4 Piping Engineer .......................................................................................................... 86
9 MENGAPA ANDA GAGAL TEST DI PERUSAHAAN MIGAS? .................................................. 88
9.1 Ipk Rendah? ........................................................................................................................... 88
9.2 Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris? ................................................................................................. 89
9.3 Softskill Yang Lemah ............................................................................................................. 90
9.4 Kurang Menguasai Pengetahuan Dasar Kuliah ...................................................................... 90
9.5 Almamater? ........................................................................................................................... 91
9.6 Test Kesehatan ...................................................................................................................... 92
9.7 Tidak Tahu Peta Karir Migas .................................................................................................. 92
9.8 Penulisan CV Yang Buruk ....................................................................................................... 92
9.9 Terlalu Lama Kerja Di Non Migas ........................................................................................... 93
10 STRATEGI UNTUK S1 TEKNIK ................................................................................................. 94
Langkah 1 – Melamar Ke KKKS/Oil Service/Drilling Company Papan Atas ........................................ 94
Langkah 2 – Melamar Ke KKKS/Drilling/Oil Services Papan Ke Dua .................................................. 95
Langkah 3 – Melamar Ke EPC ............................................................................................................ 95
Langkah 4 Kursus Engineering EPC ................................................................................................... 95
Langkah 5 – Melamar Ke Epc Petrochemical/Power Plant ................................................................. 97
Langkah 6 – Melamar Ke Vendor Pekerjaan Oil Gas .......................................................................... 97
11 STRATEGI UNTUK D3 TEKNIK ................................................................................................ 99
Langkah 1 – Melamar Ke KKKS/Oil Service/Drilling Company Papan Atas ........................................ 99
Langkah 2 – Melamar Ke KKKS/Drilling/Oil Services Papan Ke Dua ................................................ 100
Langkah 3 – Melamar Ke EPC .......................................................................................................... 100
Langkah 4 Kursus Engineering EPC ................................................................................................. 100
Langkah 5 – Melamar Ke EPC Petrochemical/Power Plant .............................................................. 102
Langkah 6 – Melamar Ke Vendor Pekerjaan Oil Gas ........................................................................ 102
12 STRATEGI UNTUK S1 NON TEKNIK ..................................................................................... 103
Langkah 1 – Melamar Ke KKKS/Drilling/Oil Service Papan Atas ...................................................... 104
Langkah 2 – Melamar Ke KKKS/Drilling/Oil Service Papan Ke Dua .................................................. 104
Langkah 3 – Melamar Ke EPC .......................................................................................................... 105
Panduan Karir Migas
8 www.oilgascareerguide.com
8
13 STRATEGI UNTUK LULUSAN SMA/SMK .............................................................................. 106
Drilling Worker - Roustabout ........................................................................................................... 106
Welder ............................................................................................................................................. 107
Welding Inspector ............................................................................................................................ 107
Mengapa Training Migas Mahal ....................................................................................................... 107
Piping Drafter, Training Migas Paling Murah Untuk SMA/SMK ........................................................ 107
14 SAAT TEPAT MENGIRIM CV ................................................................................................... 109
15 SUMBER INFORMASI LOWONGAN MIGAS & AGEN REKRUITMENT ...................................... 111
15.1 Sumber Informasi Lowongan Migas ..................................................................................... 111
15.2 Agen Rekruitment Sektor Migas .......................................................................................... 112
16 PELUANG KERJA MIGAS DI LUAR NEGERI ............................................................................. 114
16.1 Alamat Agen Luar Negeri ..................................................................................................... 115
16.2 Contoh Email Penawaran Kerja Di Luar Negeri .................................................................... 116
17 PENUTUP ................................................................................................................................ 119
PROFIL PENULIS ............................................................................................................................ 120
LAMPIRAN 1 – PETUNJUK PENULISAN CV UNTUK PERUSAHAAN MIGAS
LAMPIRAN 2 – TEKNIK MENGHADAPI TEST FGD
LAMPIRAN 3 – DAFTAR PERTANYAAN WAWANCARA YANG SERING DIAJUKAN
LAMPIRAN 4 – 200 ALAMAT PERUSAHAAN MIGAS
Panduan Karir Migas
120 www.oilgascareerguide.com
120
PROFIL PENULIS
Heru Prasadja,ST adalah lulusan S1 Teknik Sipil Universitas Indonesia, lulus
tahun 1996. Pernah bekerja selama 13 tahun sebagai Structural Engineer di
beberapa perusahaan Engineering Consultant Oil & Gas antara lain di JGC,
IKPT, Amec Berca Indonesia dan terlibat dalam beberapa proyek perencanaan
fasilitas Oil & Gas. Mendirikan training engineering oil & gas
bernama PETROS Oil Gas Training (nama baru Apgreid) (www.oilgas-
training.com) di tahun 2004. Hingga saat ini lembaga training tersebut telah
memberikan pelatihan kepada lebih dari 5000 siswa.
Pensiun dini tahun 2009 dan memfokuskan diri untuk lebih mengembangkan lembaga training
PETROS dan menulis buku PANDUAN KARIR MIGAS, yang merupakan rangkuman 12 tahun
pengalaman penulis dalam memberikan bimbingan dan konsultasi karir Migas bagi para yunior
engineer.
Resume Poyek Migas Penulis :
Shakalin Development Project Phase II, LUN-A PAB Platform, Rusia
Tunu Phase II - Total E&P Indonesie
Kerisi Development Project - PT. Conoco Philips
Tambora Field Project Phase 2 EPSC 1 - Total E&P Indonesie
Kulin Pipeline & Testing Facilities Project - Caltex Pacific Indonesia
Jatirarangon Field Development Project - Ellipse Energy Wahana Ltd
Tuban Aromatic Plan Project (TPPI) - Tuban , East Java- Indonesia
South Pars Gas Field Development, National Iranian Company, Republic of Iran
Berri Cogeneration Project, Saudi Arabian
Dolphin Project, Dholpin Energy, Qatar
Contact :
Email : [email protected] | [email protected]
WA : 0813-8006-8202 | 0878-8008-0000
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