PanacheLive Vol 14

The Indian Pharmaceutical Association-Students’ Forum is a national body of pharmacy students under IPA. It is a platform to promote increased student interactions and activities bringing more co-operation at a national level. IPA-SF will also link the pharmacy students in India with the rest of the world through memberships and al l iances with international organizations. The IPA-SF will serve as a unifying factor for the pharmacy students’ community in India bringing them under one umbrella and thus benefit in turn the profession and thus the future health of INDIA.

Panache -Live

April, 2012

The Monthly Newsletter !!!

2012-2013

The Indian Pharmaceutical AssociationStudents’ Forum

7th April 2012

Editor’s Choice - Europe's falling economy hits Big Pharma

Students’ Speak - Cosmeceuticals

Cover Story- CHASING GOALS RATHER THAN SOLVING PROBLEMS?

Excecutive Council

Homework

Call for Articles

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Student Exchange Program

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Cover Story

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CHASING GOALS RATHER THAN SOLVING PROBLEMS?

We stand at an unprecedented moment in global health: advances in public health science enable us to project health trends into the future as never before and to understand how to prevent or effectively treat many of the significant global health concerns - or position us to figure out more effective approaches. We also have global experience in setting goals, deploying resources, and observing outcomes. This is a critical time to be cognizant of the broad changes that are in process and take stock of whether current approaches will serve us well in this changing world. This article seeks to reflect on both of these issues and suggest on how each can inform the other for future success in improving global health.

The new world of global health will be characterized by persistence of our longstanding concerns to mitigate infectious disease and improve maternal and child health, food and water availability and safety. In these areas, there is little doubt that global goals and targets have been critical for redirecting policy attention and mobilizing advocacy. Witness the rise of attention to maternal mortality once it was chosen as an MDG - and the equally striking decline in the fortunes of reproductive health when it was omitted from the original Goals. Yet, even when there is such welcome attention, successive goals and targets have come and gone, largely unmet.

Our poor track record may stem from the reliance on plans that are formulated with an eye trained exclusively on the bar set globally by the goal, while ignoring what science teaches us is needed locally for lasting solutions. The global goals and targets have been set without reference to crucial aspects of the country context that influence change, and without acknowledging the varying pace of change that is possible across different settings with different starting points. Too often, global goals and targets that were meant primarily to refocus political attention are mistakenly assumed to dictate appropriate first steps in a plan of action for effective implementation. For example, there is clear consensus that a goal such as MDG 5 on maternal mortality cannot be met without an approach that strengthens district-level health systems. Yet many of the Roadmaps for Reduction of Maternal and Newborn Mortality developed by countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, while aspiring to meet global MDG targets for births attended by skilled health professionals, are devoid of adequately resourced implementation plans to tackle the systemic problems that have repeatedly sabotaged such aspirations.

Insights from the fields of systems science and implementation science would guide us toward a rather different approach to implementation - one that builds from the local level up, starting with a strategically developed understanding of the power dynamics and institutional constraints that currently hamper progress. Such plans for meeting goals and targets might use results-based financing and management approaches, but they would be deployed using a conceptual framework and monitoring design that can accommodate unintended consequences, policy resistance and emergent, changing properties of the system itself. Implementation would proceed with focused attention to these dynamics of the system and with a flexible plan to strengthen the capacity for local problem solving. Ultimately, the pace of progress would depend substantially on the success at strengthening the institutional arrangements - rules, accountability, incentives, organizational structures - on which the health system is built.

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Cover Story

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Clearly, this evidence-based approach to implementation would argue for a different relationship between aspirational global goals and the metrics that govern action on the ground. When global targets are nonetheless used to grade countries as "success" or "failure," and intense pressure for fast results is allowed to eclipse attention to institution building, or even to justify violation of rights, the damage can go beyond simple failure to meet the goal. Painful experiences with contraceptive targets and coercion in the family planning field teach us that numbers are not neutral: their operation within a health system is filtered through the wider power dynamics operating in a society.

Let us consider the dramatically different epidemiologic and demographic picture of the coming decades that these longstanding health concerns will nest within. The world, over the next 20-30 years, will manifest a number of significant changes. Mortality and morbidity from chronic, noncommunicable diseases will be the dominant causes of ill-health - fueled by world-wide changes in health behaviors and environment. According to WHO in 2004 top 10 causes of death in low-income countries, three were noncommunicable disease: coronary heart disease, stroke and cerebrovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; in middle income countries, seven of the top ten were noncommunicable. Associated with this rise in noncommunicable disease is the aging of all populations, globally. A great success of public health, our increasing life expectancy, this brings a need for a new set of goals for healthy aging and whole new range of methods to accomplish this.

Global and national goals for prevention of these noncommunicable diseases and health in an aging world are much needed to align global action with these new realities. But at the operational level, new types of solutions that will be effective in prevention on a population level are also needed. The approach and ability to manage the complexity of the problem will matter: for example, consider the picture of a world-wide obesity epidemic coexisting with persisting malnutrition in many developing countries; this will make goal setting and problem solving necessarily complicated, because we must be able to design solutions that don't take people from starvation to obesity. Further, the most effective methods for accomplishing these goals could bring co-benefits in terms of more effectively addressing many other co-existing health concerns.

Given the massive changes in population health status and needs, and the complexity of real-life challenges, in comparison to the necessary simplicity of goals, we ask if we have all the necessary goals, and whether global health goals serve us well as a guide in shaping our strategies to solve these future scenarios.

Source: www.globalheathmagazine.com

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S.E.O:- Gabriela Keerthana+91 8019289075

[email protected]

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Europe's falling economy hits Big Pharma

The problems within the Eurozone have led to national governments spending less on healthcare. This has impacted upon the profits of the major pharmaceutical companies who have seen a decline in their share prices as a result.

The various European austerity measures have impacted across the economies of the member states leading to many government cut-backs. One of the areas in which governments are spending less, or at least trying to spend smarter, is with healthcare. As governments have made cuts with healthcare spending, the profits of the big pharmaceutical companies have seen a decline or only marginal growth over the past twelve months.

According to a review in the New York Times the profits, and hence the share price, of 'Big Pharma' is set to remain stagnant in Europe until at least 2014. The article goes onto say that the major pharmaceutical companies are also under pressure from the European Union to prove the effectiveness of their drugs, which in turn places a higher cost on drug development (where research and development is often the main expenditure by drugs companies).

To add to this, according to Pharmaceutical Processing, European governments have also sought price reductions through health spending strategies. Despite pharmaceutical prices have been a prominent political issue for many years the current economic issues are placing the cost of medicines more firmly in the spotlight. To seek the 'best price', European governments have begun to compare prices in other European member states to ensure that a 'fair price' is being charged and one at a similar level across the European Union. In some senses this is similar, as WikiInvest considers, to the system of 'price controls' in the US where the government negotiates for the US government programs Medicare, Medicaid and the Veteran's Administration programs.Despite the US scheme, prices in Europe are cheaper and are cheapest of all in the UK. The Daily Telegraph notes:

“During 2010, British drug prices were among lowest in Europe, with medicines coming in cheaper than in France, Germany and Spain. Partly due to the strong pound, prices were on average more than two-and-a-half times cheaper than the US.”All in all these events probably work out as a better deal for citizens in the European Union, but this has had a knock-on-effect on the profitability of the major pharmaceutical companies.

Source: 1. http://digitaljournal.com/article/320200#ixzz1q8ykmJy6 2. http://digitaljournal.com/article/320200

Editor’s Choice

STUDENTS’ SPEAK

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COSMECUTICALS : WHERE COSMETICS AND

PHARMACEUTICALS MEET

Cosmeceuticals represent a marriage between cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Like cosmetics, cosmeceuticals are topically applied, but they contain ingredients that influence the biological function of the skin. Cosmeceuticals improve appearance, but they do so by delivering nutrients necessary for healthy skin. Cosmeceuticals typically claim to improve skin tone, texture, and radiance, while reducing wrinkling. Cosmeceuticals are the fastest-growing segment of the natural personal care industry. Consumers are always interested in maintaining a youthful appearance, and as the global population's median age increases, this market is increasingly expanding. Cosmeceuticals are the advances made within the world of dermatological products and the new beckon in skin care.

Now the concept of beautifying is not restricted to women alone, even men have become cognizant about the way they look, and the recent advertisements of many anti-wrinkle and fairness creams are aimed at men. Recently, the market is swamped with too many cosmeceutical products like anti-wrinkle creams, sunscreens, moisturizers, bleaching agents, medicated lotions, hair growth stimulants, antidandruff shampoos, eye wrinkle creams, collagen injections, etc. The consumers are often a confused lot when it comes to choose any of these products, because one does not know which product can do the trick for them. Certain plant-based substances have been claimed to be used in cosmeceutical products by companies marketing them. Retinol (vitamin A) and the retinoids have a long track record of efficacy in the management of aging skin. Retinoids have been shown to stimulate collagen synthesis by increasing transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and procollagen. Growth factors represent an increasingly popular component of cosmeceuticals. Results of in vitro studies have shown that by adding kinetin, a plant growth factor, to human fibroblasts in culture, biologic and morphologic changes associated with cellular aging may be retarded. Antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid penetrate cellular lipid membranes and have intracellular free radical scavenging capability. Copper peptide is gaining popularity; and in recent studies, improvement in skin roughness, fine lines, wrinkles, elasticity, and overall photo damage versus control were documented by ultrasound evaluation.

Regulatory agencies have not yet formally recognized cosmeceuticals. The US Federal Drug Administration (US-FDA) does not recognize the term 'cosmeceutical'. According to US-FDA, a product can be a drug, a cosmetic, or a combination of both, but the term cosmeceutical has no meaning under the law. Cosmeceuticals are considered cosmetics and so are not regulated by the FDA. The cosmetics industry uses this word to refer to everything from cosmetic products that have medicinal or drug-like benefits to topical cosmetic-pharmaceutical hybrids intended to enhance the health and beauty of skin.

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Some experts are calling for increased regulation of cosmeceuticals with help of scientists, dermatologists, corporate leaders, and government representatives that would require only proof of safety, which is not mandatory for cosmetics but would be mandatory for cosmeceuticals. The trend toward introducing natural products considered to be safe is influenced by media hype and consumer interest. This is driving the cosmeceutical market to develop safer products that are naturally derived. Some of these naturally derived products have proven to be helpful, whereas more evidence is needed for other products before physicians can consider recommending their use. “Organic cosmeceuticals” are among the fastest growing products in today's world, but there is a problem with the use of the term. In reality, most organic ingredients have been chemically altered by necessity - they simply will not work if they are left in their nature-grown state. They are also not always as safe as the public is led to believe, as natural products tend to get less scrutiny than their chemically based cousins do.

Sunscreens, anti-wrinkle creams, serums, or moisturizers are typically the most expensive products available in the market. What makes these products so expensive? Most cosmetic companies say that the high cost is due to expensive special ingredients, unique manufacturing procedures, and research and development costs. On the contrary, marketing cost would also contribute considerably to the overall cost of cosmeceuticals. The hideous truth behind cosmeceutical marketing is more of advertisement of products highlighting the "science" and "technologies" used.

If we think from an average consumer's perspective, are these high-priced cosmeceutical products worth buying? Before buying any of the cosmeceutical products, one should think whether they actually need them. Many people get trapped into buying these products which they do not really need. Most of consumers get impressed by elegant packaging of the products and exaggerated advertisements. Consumers can save money by identifying the cosmeceuticals which they really need and avoid those they don't really need. As a consumer doesn't know what really works for him/her and what does not, it is better to seek the help of a dermatologist to differentiate the good, bad, and useless

In truth, cosmeceuticals simply are not the right answer for everyone. Sometimes a stronger drug is needed in order to solve a serious physical condition. In such instances, a dermatologist should always be contacted.

In the long run, basic common sense applies here. That includes the following:1- If over-the-counter products make outlandish claims that seem too good to be true, then they undoubtedly are.2- Research cosmeceutical products in depth before giving them a try. That will help avoid possible allergic reactions, dashed hopes and incredible expense. 3- Stick with reputable names in the industry. Avoid companies that are new, untested and under reviewed.4- Expensive doesn't always mean better. However, too cheap should send up a red flag.5- Follow instincts. When the gut says "no," listen! Reference : 1) emedicine.medscape.com 2) www.beautybiz.com 3) www.ijdvl.com

- Pooja Kamlapure sy bpharm SVB’s College Of Pharmacy

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HOMEWORK

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2010-20112012-2013

1) TODAY'S MEDICINES FINANCE

TOMORROW'S MIRACLES.

2) CARING FOR LIFE.

3) LIFE. RESEARCH. HOPE.

4) MAKING A BILLION INDIANS SAFE

AND SECURE

5) WE ARE LISTENING

6) BECAUSE YOUR WORTH IT

7) TAKE CARE

IDENTIFY THE TAG-LINES...

*answers on page 10

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL FOR THE YEAR 2012-13

POSITION NAME CO NTACT NO. E-MAIL ID Chairperson Chittoory Ratna

Geetardha 9581322211 chittooryrg @g mail.com

Vice Chairperson Kondeti Ranjit

Reddy

9962645850 [email protected]

Hon. Secretary Mohit Durve 9920820009 [email protected]

Jt. Secretary Bharath Vikas 9538138189 [email protected] Hon. Treasure Franklin Israel Sirra 7207625682 [email protected]

Editor Aditya Nar 9769176435 [email protected]

[email protected]

Public Relation Officer

Anuj Shah 9930077486 [email protected]

Student Exchange Officer

Gabriela Keerthana 8019289075 [email protected]

Pharmacy

Education Officer

P.Ajay 9550942300 [email protected]

IPA-SF Contact Person

Paya l Kikila 9820665989 [email protected]

Public Health

Officer

A.Pavan Kumar 9581398978 [email protected]

National Blood

Donation Co-ordinator

C.Charndra Shekar 9533332309 [email protected]

National Anti-TB Co-ordinator

Samhitha Reddy 7396312163 [email protected]

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1. The selection of articles will solely be the discretion of the Publication Committee of IPA-SF.

2. Every article should have a word limit between 150 to 200 words.3. Articles should be typed in any normal font (Times New Roman) and should have a font size 12 and sent to [email protected] in Microsoft Word Format.

4. Articles should be the Author's original work. If the article has been directly picked up from some source then it may amount to plagiarism and such Author's will be barred from any future participation.

5.The names of any references used should be clearly mentioned.6.The names of any Co-author/s should also be mentioned.7.The name of the institution/company of the Author/Co-author/s should be mentioned.8.The efforts of the Authors and Co-authors whose articles have been selected will be duly acknowledged.

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL FOR THE YEAR 2010-2011CALL FOR ARTICLES

PANACHE LIVE

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C E UA TM I CR AA LH AP S

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1) GLAXO SMITHKLINE2) CIPLA3) DR. REDDY'S LABORATORIES4) HLL LIFEBUOY5) AMWAY6) L'OREAL7) GARNIER

* Answers to Homework: