Pan American Health Organization.... Title of the presentation Author Title of the presentation Author III HEMISPHERIC WORKSHOP ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH.

Pan AmericanHealthOrganization

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Title of the presentation

Author

Title of the presentation

Author

III HEMISPHERIC WORKSHOP ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

“Searching for improvements in the Occupational Health

and Safety conditions of our workers”

Cusco, PeruOctober 21st, 2008

Dr. Luz Maritza TennasseeSenior Regional Advisor on Workers' Health

Marie-Claude Lavoie

Pan AmericanHealthOrganization

Acknowledgments Acknowledgments

OAS Minister of Labor and

Employment Promotion of Peru

ILO OAS Members countries WHO/ PAHO

Collaborating Centers in Occupational Health

OAS Minister of Labor and

Employment Promotion of Peru

ILO OAS Members countries WHO/ PAHO

Collaborating Centers in Occupational Health

National Councils for Occupational Health

Civil Society Unions Employers Academia WHO/PAHO colleagues

National Councils for Occupational Health

Civil Society Unions Employers Academia WHO/PAHO colleagues

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Global Burden of Disease from Occupational Diseases and Injuries

Global Burden of Disease from Occupational Diseases and Injuries

25% of the global burden of disease and mortality is due to occupational and environmental risk factors1

2 million deaths per year globally are attributable to occupational diseases and injuries2

90,000 die annually from asbestos-related diseases3

25% of the global burden of disease and mortality is due to occupational and environmental risk factors1

2 million deaths per year globally are attributable to occupational diseases and injuries2

90,000 die annually from asbestos-related diseases3

Global burden of disease: occupational risk factors

1. Pruss-Ustun & Corvalan 2006; 2. ILO/WHO 2005; 3. WHO 2006

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Workers' Health in Latin America and the Caribbean Inequities

Workers' Health in Latin America and the Caribbean Inequities

27,000 – 68,000 work-related fatalities/ year1

20 - 80 million workers suffer from occupational injuries or diseases1

20 - 40% of the employed population do not have sufficient economic resources to meet the minimum for the healthy living1

Only 10 - 15 % of workers have access to a basic occupational health services3

Mortality is higher among temporary workers compared to permanent workers4

Hispanic workers in the US have a 25% higher risk of dying than non-Hispanic workers2

1. PAHO Health in the Americas 2007; 2. NIOSH World Health Chartbook 2004; 3. Rosenstock et al. 2005; 4. WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health 2008

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Only 5 - 10% of all occupational diseases are reported

5% of occupational research is conducted in developing countries which possess 90% of the burden of disease

Only 5 - 10% of all occupational diseases are reported

5% of occupational research is conducted in developing countries which possess 90% of the burden of disease

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• Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948

• ILO Occupational Cancer Convention (C139) 1974

• UN Conference on Environment and Development, Brazil 1992

•WHO Global Strategy on Occupational Health for All 1995

•Rotterdam Convention 1998

•World Summit on Sustainable Development, South Africa 2002

• Millenium Development Goals 2000-2015

• Summit of the Americas 2005

•ILO Promotional Framework for OSH Convention (C187) 2006

Regional and Global Mandate

IV Summit of the Americas

DECLARATION

33. We will promote integrated frameworks of public environmental, employment, health, and social security policies to protect the health and safety of all workers and foster a culture of prevention and control of occupational hazards in the Hemisphere

ACTION

16. To promote occupational health and safety conditions and facilitate healthy work environments for all workers, and, to that end, ensure effective labor inspection systems. For this purpose, it is essential to foster strategic alliances between the labor, health, environment and education sectors.

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WHO Workers’ Health Global Plan of Action (2008-2017)

WHO Workers’ Health Global Plan of Action (2008-2017)

1. Provide and communicate evidence for preventive action

Systems for surveillance of workers’ health for the identification, and control of occupational hazards and occupational diseases and injuries

2. Devise national policy instruments on workers' health

3. Protect and promote health at the workplace

4. Improve the performance of and access to occupational health services

5. Incorporate workers' health into other policies

1. Provide and communicate evidence for preventive action

Systems for surveillance of workers’ health for the identification, and control of occupational hazards and occupational diseases and injuries

2. Devise national policy instruments on workers' health

3. Protect and promote health at the workplace

4. Improve the performance of and access to occupational health services

5. Incorporate workers' health into other policies

http://www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA60/A60_R26-en.pdf

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Driving Forces– Globalization

Pressures– Agricultural industrialization

– Technology transfer

Situation– Composition of the labor force

– Migration

Exposure– Psychological, ergonomic, chemical,

safety, biological and physical

Effects– Lost work days, accidents and

occupational diseases

– Low productivity and social costs

Driving Forces– Globalization

Pressures– Agricultural industrialization

– Technology transfer

Situation– Composition of the labor force

– Migration

Exposure– Psychological, ergonomic, chemical,

safety, biological and physical

Effects– Lost work days, accidents and

occupational diseases

– Low productivity and social costs

Action• Policies and legislation •Healthy workplace environment•Promotion of decent work • Comprehensive occupational health services

Information system

s

Information System for Action

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GovernmentalInstitutions

InternationalDatabases

Academic

Individual

Sub-groupPopulation

Extrapolated

Data Sources

Measurement Data

Policy Policy

Programs and interventions

Situation analysisResearch

Functions

Private SectorUnions

Occupational Health Surveillance Systems• Ongoing systematic collection, analysis,

interpretation, and dissemination of data for purposes of improving health and safety

• Used to record occupational injuries, illnesses, hazards and exposures

Occupational Health Surveillance Systems• Ongoing systematic collection, analysis,

interpretation, and dissemination of data for purposes of improving health and safety

• Used to record occupational injuries, illnesses, hazards and exposures

Others

Social, economic, political, cultural contexts,

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CA: one of the major consumers of pesticides in the world

85% of pesticides used in agriculture

4 millions agricultural workers exposed to pesticides

7000 acute pesticide poisonings/year (80% underreporting)

CA: one of the major consumers of pesticides in the world

85% of pesticides used in agriculture

4 millions agricultural workers exposed to pesticides

7000 acute pesticide poisonings/year (80% underreporting)

Situation

PLAGSALUD (Occupational and Environmental Aspects of Exposure to Pesticides)

Health Impact

Lung cancer Cervical cancer Skin cancer Neurological

dysfunction

Local health care facilitiesAcute Pesticide Poisoning

Civil Society

Community participation- Policies-Training- Inter Sectorial Coordination- Surveillance- Research

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PLAGSALUD ImpactPLAGSALUD Impact Acute pesticide poisoning

surveillance integrated into national epidemiological system;

300 (CLIPS) Intersectoral local commissions across 7 countries;

Legislation for the ban or restriction of 119 pesticides across 7 countries

Education (various topics, and audiences)

Development of alternatives agriculture

Acute pesticide poisoning surveillance integrated into national epidemiological system;

300 (CLIPS) Intersectoral local commissions across 7 countries;

Legislation for the ban or restriction of 119 pesticides across 7 countries

Education (various topics, and audiences)

Development of alternatives agriculture

Reduction of occupational mortality and incidence of acute intoxications in Nicaragua,

1994-2006

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Worker’s Health Referral Centres (CEREST)

South

28

North

19

Middle-west

14

North-east

56

150 installed (2007) Goal – 200 (2008)

Number of Workers’ Health Referral Centres (proportionally with regions’ population)

South-east

83

Functions:

Give technical support for workers’ health assistance, surveillance and promotion to all levels of public health services (primary, secondary, hospitals and surveillance services) 150 services (2007)

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ILO/WHO International Programme on the Global Elimination of Silicosis

Americas Silicosis Initiative

WHO, PAHO, ILO, U.S NIOSH, Chile Institute of Public Health and Ministry of Health, Brazil FUNDACENTRO, Peru

MODELO DE MATRIZ DE EXPOSICION OCUPACIONAL Rama Económica A

Rubro conactividades presenciade Sílice

N° de Trabajadores No Expuestos

a Sílice

N° de Trabajadores con probabilidad Baja a Mediana deExposición a Sílice

N° de Trabajadores

con alta probabilidad de Exposición a Sílice

National Plan-Program components1. Implementation of control methodology2. Laboratory Analytical Techniques 3. Respiratory Protection Training4. Training courses on spirometry & radiologic ( ILO technique)

5. Silicosis Surveillance System

Crystalline silicaGroup1 human carcinogenMillion of workers exposed

SilicosisIncurable and irreversible lung disease

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Other Examples of Information System in the Region

Other Examples of Information System in the Region

Jamaica and Guyana– Surveillance system for work-related injuries

Canada– Workplace Hazardous Materials Information

System

Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Colombia– CAREX (exposure to carcinogenic agents)

Peru and the Caribbean– Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage among

health-care workers.

Brazil– Informal work in the health-care sector

Jamaica and Guyana– Surveillance system for work-related injuries

Canada– Workplace Hazardous Materials Information

System

Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Colombia– CAREX (exposure to carcinogenic agents)

Peru and the Caribbean– Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage among

health-care workers.

Brazil– Informal work in the health-care sector

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Reaching Higher Reaching Higher Information Systems

Responding to the situationPolicies Preventive Programs and measures Access to health services Determinants factors

Regional Commitment to Occupational Health and Safety (Summit of the Americas)

Collaboration, Coordination, Commitment, Cooperation

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