PAM Fluorometry: Measuring Photosynthesis Brian Maniaci.

PAM Fluorometry: Measuring Photosynthesis

Brian Maniaci

Photosynthesis• 6 CO2 + 12 H20 + light Energy C6H12O2 + 6 O2

+ 6 H20

Phytoplankton

•Photosynthetic organism

•Chlorophyll A

•Euphotic Layer

•Less than 5 mm long

Marine

Food Chain

Energy

•Use of light energy▫Photosynthesis▫Heat▫Fluorescence

•Fluorescence –emission of light at a lower energy/higher wavelength

Measuring Photosynthesis

•Reactants▫Radioactive Carbon-14

•Products▫Winkler’s Method-O2 Concentration

•PAM Fluorometer▫Fluorescence of emitted Light

PAM Fluorometer

PAM Fluorometer

•Pulse amplitude modulated fluorometer

•Chlorophyll fluorescence

•Ideal environment

•Sensitive and noninvasive

PAM 101 Unit

•3 mW laser diode

•Photodiode detector

•Fresnel lens

•Distance 0.5- 1 meter

Laser Diode

•Promotes fluorescence

•Dual lasers to generate homogenous spot

•Emits light at 638 nm.

•Return signal magnified through Fresnel Lens

Quantum Yield

•Definition: ▫∆F = Fmax –Fmin of fluorescence▫Fm = Fmax of fluorescence

•∆F/Fm = Quantum Yield

•Quantum yield of effective photosynthetic electron transport (PS 1)

Characteristics

•Extremely sensitive

•Measuring system

•Can measure a single cell, chloroplast or macroalgae

•Doesn’t change physiology of the organism

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Mapping•Blue LED (470 nm) used for excitation

•Measured at 665 nm

Conclusion

•Photosynthesis

•Organism

•Ideal Environment

•Comparison of scientific data

Acknowledgements

•Dr. Moline

•Esteemed Colleagues

References:• "Algal Growth." A. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. 1

vols. New York: Nature Group, 2002.

• Grunwald, B, and M Kuhl. "A System for Imaging Variable Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Aquatic Phototrophs." Ophelia 58 (2004): 79-89. 28 Feb. 2008.

• Ounis, A, S Evian, S Tosti, and I Moya. "Adaption of PAM-Fluorometer for Remote Sensing of Chlorophyll Fluorescence." Photosynthesis Research 68 (2001): 113-120. 28 Feb. 2008.