PAKISTAN STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR … - 3/PS - 4708-2018 (R...PS: 4708-2018(R) Pakistan Standards & Quality Control Authority Page 6 of 69 PAKISTAN STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR THREE

PS 4708-2018 (5th

Rev.)

ICS No. 43.080.99

PAKISTAN STANDARD SPECIFICATION

FOR

THREE WHEELER AUTO VEHICLES

PSS: 4708-2018(R)

PSQCA Complex, Standardization, 1st Floor, Plot-ST-7/A, Block-3,

Scheme No.36, Gulistan-e-Jauher, Karachi. (75290)

Copyright @ 2018 PSQCA. All rights reserved.

PS: 4708-2018(R)

Pakistan Standards & Quality Control Authority Page 2 of 69

C o m m i t t e e M e m b e r ’ s L i s t

MR. ASIF REHAN DAR CHAIRMAN

C.E.O. Stahlco Motors (Pvt.) Ltd.

21Km Ferozpur Road, Lahore.

+92-30-0845 1673.

E-mail: [email protected]

MR. IMRAN QADIR

Director SIWA Motors

Circuler Road

Lahore

0321-4200065

E-mail : [email protected]

MR. MUNAWAR AHMED KHAN,

MD, Plum Qingqi Motors Ltd.

43-km, Multan Rd., Manga Mandi, Lahore.

+92-31-5844 4136.


MUHAMMAD ISMAIL KHAN

Assistant Director (Technical)

QCCPITAC Compound , Ferozpur Road

Lahore.

0301-7700587


ENGR. ANIS-UR-REHMAN

Executive Director, Master Motorcycles (Pvt.) Ltd.

82-C/1, Gulberg-III, Lahore.

+92-30-2846 6272.

E-mail: [email protected] ,

[email protected]

MR. ZUBAIR AAMIR

G.M. (P), Sazgar Engineering Works Ltd.

18Km, Raiwind Road, Lahore.

+92-32-1846 9005.


MR. SHAHID NASIM

Director, Omega Industries

42 km, Ferozepur Road, Kasur.

+92-32-2448 2278.


MR. WAQAS AHMAD BUTT C.E.O., Pak Star Automobile (Pvt.) Ltd.

19-km, Multan Rd., Behind Highnoon Labs, Lahore. +92-30-0841 9898, +92-42-3751 1778, +92-42-3751 1615 (Fax.)


MR. JAMIL AHMED

Director Corporate Planning Division, Pak Suzuki Motor

Company Limited, Bin Qasim, Karachi.

+92-21-3472 3503, +92-33-3233 3909.


MR. RAZI U REHMAN

G.M. HR, Admin & Corporate Affairs, Atlas Honda Ltd.

26-27km, Lahore-Sheikhupura Road, Sheikhupura.

+92-30-0843 2763, +92-56-340 6012.


ENGR. M. FAROOQ BHATTI

Director Technical, Blue Star Automobiles

Momenpura Road, Darogawala, Lahore.

+92-30-1465 8857.


ENGR. ALI AHMED KHAN

A.M. (Production) New Allied Motors

385-390, Sundar Industrial Estate, Lahore.

+92-33-3484 8492.


MR. GOHAR ALI

Plant Manager, Rachna Automobiles (Pvt.) Ltd.

Chanab Bank, Wazirabad, Gujranwala.

+92-30-1845 2409.


MIAN ABDUL GHAFFAR

C.E.O. Tiger Auto Industry

27/9, QIE, Kot Lakhpat, Lahore.

+92-30-0840 7648.


MR. INAM-UL-HAQ

Director, Stahlco Motors (Pvt.) Ltd.

21Km Ferozpur Road, Lahore.

+92-30-0840 4876.


ENGR. MUSTAFA KHAQAN

General Manager, Rachna Automobiles (Pvt.) Ltd.

Chanab Bank, Wazirabad, Gujranwala.

+92-30-0844 2580.


MR. OMER BASHIR

Plant Manager, SIWA Industries (Pvt.) Ltd.

Plot no. 6, Opp. Nizami Engineering

Shadbagh Ring Road, Lahore.

+92-32-1840 3187.


MR. SHAHID PERVAIZ

General Manager, Omega Industries

42 km, Ferozepur Road, Kasur.

+92-32-1477 6644.


mailto:[email protected]







tel:042-37511778

tel:042-37511615












PS: 4708-2018(R)


MR. AMER ABBAS

Deputy Manager, PCICS Ltd.

Sohrab House, 1-Bank Square,Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore.

+92-33-3420 6295.

E-mail:[email protected],

[email protected]

MR. ANEES-UR-REHMAN

Project Manager, M/s. Senior Automobiles (Pvt.) Ltd.

7-A, Punjab Small Industrial Estate, Kot Lakhpat, Lahore.

+92-32-1846 7168.


ENGR. KHALID HUSSAIN KIYANI

General Manager, A.K. Auto Industries

C-30, Opp: PEPSI Cola, Near Mehran Kanta, SITE, Hyderabad.

+92-22-2883258.


ENGR. RAZZAK AHMED

C.E.O., Metaline Engg. Company

12Km, Multan Road Shahpur, Lahore.

+92-32-1847 0060.


MR. AKHTAR ALI

C.E.O., Senior Automobiles (Pvt.) Ltd.

7-A, Punjab Small Industrial Estate, Kot Lakhpat, Lahore.

+92-30-0431 9620.


SECRETARIAT:

1. ENGR. ASHFAQUE AHMED UJJAN Assistant Director / Incharge (Automobile Division)

Secretary to the NSC/TC

SDC / PSQCA, Karachi.







PS: 4708-2018(R)


Table of Contents

0. FOREWORD: ..................................................................................................................... 5

1. SCOPE ................................................................................................................................. 5 2. DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................. 59

2.1 Vehicle

Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2 Passenger 2.3 Braking system and components

Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.4 Vehicle mass

2.5 Attainable speed test

Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.6 Emission from Engine

Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.7 Sound Level

Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.8 Decibel (dB)


2.9 Engine Leak Prevention Test


2.10 Engine Idling RPM Test

Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.11 Ground Clearance.......................................................................................................7

2.12 Road Clearance............................................................................................................7

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR EMISSION ............................................................................... 8

4. MARKING AND LABELLING ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5. CRITERIA FOR LOT AND SAMPLING FOR CONFORMITY TESTING ..... Error!

Bookmark not defined. 5.1 Lot


6. TESTING & RECORDS ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 6.1 General Requirements for Testing Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.3 Test Records

Error! Bookmark not defined. 7. VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS: 60

TABLE-1 60 TABLE-2 63 TABLE-3 63 TABLE-4 64

TABLE-5 64 TABLE-6 65 TABLE-7 65

8. OTHERS:........................................................................................................................... 13

PS: 4708-2018(R)


8.1 ~ 8.6 Distribution Standards of Vehicle................................................................13

8.7 Q.A / Q.C Checklist......................................................................................14

PS: 4708-2018(R)


PAKISTAN STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

FOR

THREE WHEELER AUTO VEHICLES PSS: 4708-2018(R)

0.0 FOREWORD:

0.1 This Pakistan Standard was endorsed by the National Standard Committee after the draft

prepared and finalised by the Technical Committee; Three Wheelers Auto Vehicles and

was approved and endorsed by the National Standards Committee on 15.05.2018 through

circulation in the light of decision made by Supreme Court of Pakistan.

0.2 This Pakistan Standard is prepared after taking into consideration the views and

suggestions of manufacturers, specialists and utilizing agencies.

0.3 This Pakistan Standard has been revised after taking assistance, from PSQCA Officials,

the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and stake holders which are acknowledged

with thanks; i.e., EPA –SRO No. 742(1)/93. (Emission Standard) as amended in 2009

[SRO No. 72(KE)/2009].

0.4 This Pakistan Standard was first prepared in 2001 and then revised in 2005, 2008-9 and

2012. Now keeping in view, the latest developments for accommodating the amended

EPA SRO and the necessary amendments have been made in this standard.

0.5 This standard is subject to periodical review in order to keep pace with developments in

technologies. Any suggestion for improvement will be recorded and placed before the

concerned committee in due course.

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This Standard specifies the requirements for Three-Wheeler Auto Vehicles which have

either separate closed rear area or an open platform normally used for the transport of

goods and passengers.

1.2 This standard specifies marking, labelling, sampling requirements and distribution

criteria for conformity.

1.3 This standard covers safety requirements and limitation of emission of gaseous pollutants

& sounds.

1.4 This standard does not cover competition vehicles and special purpose vehicles.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


2.0 DEFINITIONS

2.1 Vehicle

A Three-wheeler auto vehicle that is ready to use on road and comprising of the following;

2.1.1 single chassis frame

2.1.2 complete body, built with hood frame, hood cover and driver seat

2.1.3 passenger seats in accordance with the applicable specifications (Tables 3-7)

2.1.4 A wind screen

2.1.5 At least one head lamp, turn signals, reflectors for vehicle broad configurations (specified in

Table 1)

2.1.6 Power-train comprising of a single engine/electric motor(s) having suitable power to weight ratio,

an efficient and safe transmission and safe braking system

2.1.7 An efficient and safe steering system.

2.1.8 Speedo meter, Neutral indicator and Temperature gauge (for water cooled engines only).

2.1.9 Power-driven vehicle: Means any self-propelled road vehicle other than a rail-borne vehicle.

2.1.10 Motor vehicle: means any power-driven vehicle which is normally used for carrying persons or

goods by road or for drawing, on the road, vehicles used for the carriage of persons or goods. This term

embraces trolley-buses, that is to say, vehicles connected to an electric conductor and not rail-borne. It

does not cover vehicles such as agricultural tractors, which are only incidentally used for carrying persons

or goods by road or for drawing, on the road, vehicles used for the carriage of persons or goods.

2.1.11 Passenger: means the Travelers of the vehicle including driver of the vehicle are said to be the

passengers.

2.1.12 Driver: means the person who operates the machine/vehicle in a manner as specified by

the manufacturer.

2.1.13 Manufacturer: means the person or body who is responsible to the Type Approval Authority

(TAA) for all aspects of the type approval process and for ensuring the conformity of production. It is not

essential that the person or body is directly involved in all stages of the construction of the vehicle or

component which is the subject of the approval process.

2.1.14 Approval of a vehicle: means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to its construction as

defined in tables of paragraph 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 the safeties

.

2.1.15 Vehicle Safeties: means the study and practice of design, construction, equipment and

regulation to minimize the occurrence and consequences of traffic collisions in paragraph 4, 5, &

7, whereas paragraph 6 deals with environment protection.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_collision

PS: 4708-2018(R)


2.1.16 Vehicle type: means a main and sub-category of L-category vehicles which do not differ in such

essential respects as:

a. The vehicle category, as defined in the paragraph 2.

b. The vehicle mass, as defined in paragraph.

c. The distribution of the mass between the axles;

d. V max;

e. A different type of braking device;

f. The number and arrangement of the axles;

g. The engine type;

h. The number and ratios of gears;

i. The final drive ratios;

j. The tire dimensions.

2.1.17 Classification of vehicles

1. Category L – Motor vehicles with less than four wheels

2. "Category L2":A three-wheeled vehicle of any wheel arrangement with an engine cylinder

capacity in the case of a thermic engine not exceeding 50 cm3

and whatever the means of propulsion a

maximum design speed not exceeding 50 km/h.

3. "Category L4": A vehicle with three wheels asymmetrically arranged in relation to the

longitudinal median plane with an engine cylinder capacity in the case of a thermic engine exceeding 50

cm3

or whatever the means of propulsion a maximum design speed exceeding 50 km/h (motor cycles

with sidecars).

4. "Category L5": A vehicle with three wheels symmetrically arranged in relation to the

longitudinal median plane with an engine cylinder capacity in case of a thermic engine exceeding 50 cm

3

or whatever the means of propulsion a maximum design speed exceeding 50 km/h.

5. "Category L6": A vehicle with four wheels whose un-laden mass is not more than 350 kg, not

including the mass of the batteries in case of electric vehicles, whose maximum design speed is not

PS: 4708-2018(R)


more than 45 km/h, and whose engine cylinder capacity does not exceed 50 cm3

for spark (positive)

ignition engines, or whose maximum net power output does not exceed 4 kW in the case of other

internal combustion engines, or whose maximum continuous rated power does not exceed 4 kW in the

case of electric engines.

6. "Category L7": A vehicle with four wheels, other than that classified for the category L6, whose

un-laden mass is not more than 400 kg (550 kg for vehicles intended for carrying goods), not including

the mass of batteries in the case of electric vehicles and whose maximum continuous rated power does

not exceed 15 kW.

[Note:**For better understanding of classification of vehicle and the sub-classification of vehicle please see Annex-

I. In this annex each vehicle is defined through photographs for easy understanding also because “L” category of

vehicles has very wide range of products and uses in the world that’s why its classification is further divided into

sub-classification also.]

2.2 Passenger

A person that travels in the vehicle including driver of the vehicle.

2.3 Braking system and components

As defined in PS------ Annex II

2.4 Vehicle Mass and Dimensions:

2.4.1 Mass of a vehicle in running order: means the mass of an un-laden vehicle with bodywork, and

with coupling device in the case of a towing vehicle, or the mass of the chassis with cab if the

manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device, including coolant, oils, 90 per cent of

fuel, 100 per cent of other liquids except used waters, tools, spare wheel, driver (75 kg) and, for buses and

coaches, the mass of the crew member (75 kg) if there is a crew seat in the vehicle.

2.4.2 Laden vehicle mass

Auto vehicle laden with the maximum limits of loadable mass as claimed by O.E.M.

2.4.3 Un-laden vehicle mass

The verifiable vehicle mass as defined by the O.E.M. without any passenger and carriage loads.

2.4.4 Maximum dimensions:

The maximum dimensions authorized for three or four-wheel motor vehicles are as

follows:

Length 4.00m

Width 2.00m

Height 2.50m

PS: 4708-2018(R)


2.4.5 Maximum masses:

The maximum unladen masses for three or four-wheel motor vehicles are as follows:

Three-wheel motor vehicles:

270 kg for mopeds ; of category of L2

1000 kg for tricycles; of category L4, L5 (no account is taken of the mass of traction batteries for electric

vehicles);

Four-wheel motor vehicles:

350 — light quadricycles; of category L6;

600 kg — quadricycles; of category L7 other than light for transport of persons;

750 kg — quadricycles; other than light for transport of goods (no account is taken of the mass of traction

batteries for electric vehicles).

The maximum payloads declared by the manufacturer for three or four-wheel motor vehicles are as follows:

Three-wheel mopeds:

300 kg;

Light quadricycles:

200 kg;

Tricycles:

For transport of goods and or passengers:

1500 kg;

2.5 Attainable speed test

Max. Speed multiplied by 0.95 that a vehicle can attain when tested on a vehicle test bench

without any air resistance simulation mechanism.

2.6 Emission from Engine

Smoke, Carbon-monoxide, Hydrocarbon and Oxides of Nitrogen (HC + NOx) in addition to the

sound emitted from vehicle during idling [as per SRO 742(1)/93] and load condition. [Smoke

valid and HC + NOx optional; till implementation of Ministry of Environment’s S.R.O.

72(Ke)/2009].

2.6.1 Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbon compounds derived from non-combustion or incomplete combustion of fuel in the

engine emitted during idling and load condition. (To be measured and added to NOx)

2.6.2 Oxides of Nitrogen

Compound of nitrogen and oxygen resulting from combustion in the engine. (To be measured and

added to HC).

2.6.3 Carbon-monoxide

Carbon-monoxide resulting from incomplete combustion in the engine.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


2.6.4 Smoke

The particulate matter emitted through the vehicle exhaust as measure with some suitable

equipment (i.e., smoke gun/ pump using ringlemann chart or smoke meter).

2.7 Sound Level:

2.7.1 Noise:

It means the root-mean-square of the values measured in dBA that are recorded at 7.5 meters

from source. “dBA” means the A-weighted sound level in decibels, measured using a sound level

meter.

2.7.2 Horn Sound:

It means the root-mean-square of the values measured in dBC that are recorded during testing of

the vehicle as emitted from vehicle horn. “dBC” means the C-weighted sound level in decibels,

measured using a sound level meter.

2.8 Decibel (dB):

It means 20 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the measured sound pressure relative

to a reference sound pressure of 20 mPa.

2.9 Engine Leak Prevention Test:

Any suitable system to assure leak prevention of engine or its parts.

2.10 Engine Idling RPM Test:

The rotational speed of an engine in rotations per minute (RPM) at which the engine is in idling

condition to ensure uniform engine tune-up of vehicle as tested by any suitable RPM meter.

2.11 Ground Clearance:

The ground clearance is the amount of space between the base of an automobile tire and the

underside of the chassis; or, more properly, to the shortest distance between a flat, level surface,

and any part of a vehicle other than those parts designed to contact the ground (such as tires,

tracks, skis, etc.). Ground clearance is measured with standard vehicle equipment and is usually

given with no cargo or passengers.

2.12 Road Clearance:

The road Clearance for the purpose of this Pakistan Standard shall be defined as the height of any

part of a vehicle that would touch first if the height of a conventional speed breaker (a continuous

heaped surface on road perpendicular to the traffic flow direction) is gradually increased. The

road clearance is to be measured using laden vehicle with standard vehicle equipment .Road

clearance may not be affected by the differential or any such part of the vehicle that does not

create any hindrance in crossing a conventional speed breaker due to the height provided by tires

while crossing such surfaces .

2.13 REQUIREMENTS FOR EMISSION

The requirements for emission shall be met in accordance with EPA Standards for vehicular

exhaust & noise, as well as the level of sound emitted from the vehicle horn as mentioned in

Table-1.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


3.0 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

The Table below contains the requirements or a group of requirements for the protection of environment,

already adopted by the World Forum and included into Regulations. For any requirement or group of

requirements, references are given to the relevant regulations by their number in the 1958 Agreement and

to the relevant Recommendations and Standard Annexes.

Subject

Relevant Documents

Regulations annexed to the

1958 Agreement

Recommendations PS

Standard Annexes

A. Pollutant emissions, motor

vehicles of L Category.

24 -

B. Pollutant emissions, motor

cycles, mopeds, P.I. engines

40 -

F. Noise emissions, motor cycles,

mopeds

9, 92 See paragraph 8.8.

3.1 SAFETY:

3.2 GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS:

The Table below contains the requirements or a group of requirements in the field of

general safety, already adopted by the World Forum and included into Regulations. For

any requirement or group of requirements, references are given to the relevant regulations

by their number in the 1958 Agreement and to the relevant Recommendations and

Standard Annexes.

Subject

L5e L6e L7e Relevant Documents

Regulations annexed to the 1958

Agreement

Recommendations PS

Standard Annexes

F. Vehicle alarm and

anti-theft systems

All All All 62

H. Electromagnetic

compatibility

All All All 10

J. Safety glazing All A

B

CP

CU

43

K. Speedometer All All All 39

PS: 4708-2018(R)


3.3 PASSIVE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

The table below contains the requirements or a group of requirements in the field of

passive safety, already adopted by the World Forum and included into Regulations. For

any requirement or group of requirements, references are given to the relevant regulations

by their number in the 1958 Agreement and to the relevant Recommendations and

Standard Annexes.

Subject

Relevant Documents

L5e L6e L7e Regulations annexed to the 1958

Agreements

Recommendations PS Standard

Annexes

K. Restraint

systems for

adults

All A

B

CP

CU

16 -

4.0 ACTIVE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

The table below contains the requirements or a group of requirements in the field of active safety, already

adopted by the World Forum and included into Regulations. For any requirement or group of requirements,

references are given to the relevant regulations by their number in the 1958 Agreement and to the relevant

Recommendations and Standard Annexes.

Subject

Category Relevant Documents

L5e L6e L7e Regulations annexed to the

1958 Agreement

Recommendation

s

PS

Standard

Annexes

A

.

Braking, power-driven

vehicles, and theirs

trailers

All A,

B

CP

CU

90, 78

4708-1

C

.

Audible warning device All A

B

CP

CU

28

D

.

Lighting and light-

signaling devices,

power-driven vehicles

All A

B

CP

CU

6, 7, 50,

E

. Head Lamp

All A

B

CP

CU

57

K

.

Retro Reflecting Devices All A

B

CP

CU

3

N

.

Pneumatic tires, motor

cycles/mopeds

All A

B

CP

CU

75

Q

.

Controls, tell-tales,

motor cycles, mopeds

All A

B

CP

CU

60

PS: 4708-2018(R)


Subject

Category Relevant Documents

L5e L6e L7e Regulations annexed to the

1958 Agreement

Recommendation

s

PS

Standard Annexes

S

.

Indirect vision, motor

vehicles

All A

B

CP

CU

46 -

T

.

Rear view mirror All A

A

CP

CU

81 -

Emission All A

B

CP

CU

24,40 -

5.0 MARKITING AND LABELLING

5.1 At least there shall be affixed, legibly, clearly and permanently; to any part of the engine and

chassis of every vehicle; number, letter or mark representing the model of the vehicle

corresponding to the engine and chassis.

5.2 Any unit that manufacture (s) products complying with this standard shall use the PS Mark in

connection with its products only after having received license from the Pakistan Standard and

Quality control Authority. Sale of production without PS Mark is prohibited.

6.0 CRITERIA FOR LOT AND SAMPLIING FOR CONFORMITY TESTING

6.1 Lot

6.1.1 Vehicles of the same type as those previously deemed to comply with this standard, which are

manufactured or delivered or purchased at the same time.

6.1.2 A lot shall not exceed 500 in number for the purpose of QA /QC.

6.1.3 A minimum number of 10 units must be offered for sampling of 03 units (to be picked up at

random) for inspection / surveillance by PSQCA.

6.2 TESTING &RECORDS

In-house testing of samples and test records (as defined at 8.7) shall be maintained for at least six

months

6.3 General Required for Testing

6.3.1 Calibration

All critical analytical equipment shall have an accuracy of measurement to within + 5%

(Instruments such as metro tapes, foot scales and beakers are not to be considered mandatory)

7.1 Exhaust Gas Analyzer (Emission Test):

The emission analyzer for CO, HC + NOx determination shall be capable of using ECER 40

method with effect from July 01, 2012 and its availability with the assembly unit shall not be

PS: 4708-2018(R)


mandatory while NDIR or any other technique based equipment is acceptable till June 30, 2012 for

CO.

7.2 The vehicles(s) tested must be approximately horizontal during the test so as to avoid any

abnormal distribution of the fuel.

7.3 Test Records

In –house testing of samples and records of test shall be maintained for a minimum period of six

months.

8.0 CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLE:

S.

No. Title

STANDARD/ REGULATION

#

L2e L4e L5e L6e L7e

PS #

1. The approval of retro-reflecting devices for power-

driven vehicles and their trailers

No. 3 Y Y Y Y Y

2. The approval of direction indicators for power-driven

vehicles and their trailers

No.6 Y Y Y Y Y

3. The approval of front and rear position lamps, stop-

lamps and end-outline marker lamps for motor

vehicles (except motor cycles) and their trailers

No.7 Y Y Y Y Y

4. the approval of category L2, L4 and L5 vehicles with

regard to noise

No.9 Y Y Y N N

5. The approval of vehicles with regard to

electromagnetic compatibility

No.10 Y Y Y Y Y

6. The approval of:

I. Safety-belts, restraint systems, child restraint

systems and ISOFIX child restraint systems for

occupants of power-driven vehicles

II. Vehicles equipped with safety-belts, safety-belt

reminder, restraint systems, child restraint systems,

ISOFIX child restraint systems and i-Size child

restraint systems

No.16 Y Y Y Y Y

7. The approval of power-driven vehicle front fog lamps No.19 N Y Y N Y

8. Uniform provisions concerning:

I. The approval of compression ignition (C.I.)

engines with regard to the emission of visible

pollutants

II. The approval of motor vehicles with regard to the

installation of C.I. engines of an approved type

III. The approval of motor vehicles equipped with

C.I. engines with regard to the emission of visible

No.24 Y Y Y Y Y

PS: 4708-2018(R)


pollutants by the engine

IV. The measurement of power of C.I. engine

9. The approval of head restraints (headrests), whether

or not incorporated in vehicle seats

N0.25 Y Y Y Y Y

10. The approval of audible warning devices and of

motor vehicles with regard to their audible signals

No.28 N Y Y N N

11. The approval of filament lamps for use in approved

lamp units of power-driven vehicles and of their

trailers

No.37 Y Y Y Y Y

12. The approval of rear fog lamps for power-driven

vehicles and their trailers

No.38 N Y Y N Y

13. The approval of vehicles with regard to the

speedometer equipment including its installation

No.39 Y Y Y Y Y

14-

.

the approval of motor cycles equipped with a

positive-ignition engine with regard to the emission

of gaseous pollutants by the engine

No.40 N Y Y N N

15. The approval of safety glazing materials and their

installation on vehicles

No.43 Y Y Y Y Y

16. The approval of headlamp cleaners, and of power-

driven vehicles with regard to headlamp cleaners

No.45 Y Y Y Y Y

17. The approval of devices for indirect vision, and of

motor vehicles with regard to the installation of these

devices

No.46 Y Y Y Y Y

18. The approval of front position lamps, rear position

lamps, stop lamps, direction indicators and rear-

registration-plate illuminating devices for vehicles of

category L

No.50 Y Y Y Y Y

19. The approval of headlamps for motor cycles and

vehicles treated as such

No.57 N Y Y Y Y

20. The approval of power-driven vehicles with

handlebars with regard to their protection against

unauthorized use

No.62

Y Y Y Y Y

21. The approval of special warning lamps for power-


No.65 Y Y Y Y Y

22. the approval of motor cycle headlamps emitting an

asymmetrical passing beam and a driving beam and

equipped with halogen filament lamps (HS1 lamps)

No.72 N Y Y N N

PS: 4708-2018(R)


9.0 VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS:

9.1 The specification for Three Wheeler Auto Vehicles shall be in compliance with the tables to follow:

23. The approval of pneumatic tires for motor cycles and

mopeds

No.75 Y Y Y N N

24. The approval of headlamps for mopeds emitting a

driving beam and a passing beam

No.76 Y N N Y N

25. the approval of vehicles of category L1, L2, L3, L4 and

L5 with regard to braking

No.78 Y Y Y N N

26.

The approval of rear-view mirrors of two-wheeled

power-driven vehicles with or without side car, with

regard to the mounting of rear-view mirrors on

handlebars

No.81

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

27 the approval of moped headlamps equipped with

filament halogen lamps (HS2)

No.82 Y N

N Y N

28. The approval of daytime running lamps for power-

driven vehicles

No.87 Y Y Y Y Y

29. The approval of replacement brake lining assemblies,

drum-brake linings and discs and drums for power-


No.90 Y Y Y Y Y

30. The approval of non-original replacement exhaust

silencing systems (RESS) for motorcycles, mopeds

and three-wheeled vehicles

No.92 Y Y Y N N

31. The approval of motor vehicle headlamps emitting an

asymmetrical passing-beam or a driving-beam or both

and equipped with filament lamps and/or light-

emitting diode (LED) modules

No.112 Y Y Y Y Y

32. The approval of motor vehicle headlamps emitting a

symmetrical passing beam or a driving beam or both

and equipped with filament lamps or gas-discharge light

sources

No.113 Y Y Y Y Y

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE-1

MANDATORY REQUIREMENT FOR ALL CATEGORIES OF 3-WHEELER AUTO

VEHICLE Sr. No. Detail of Standards Limits (with units) Criteria

1. Exhaust gas emissions (CO) 4.5% (NDIR) max.

As per prevalent NEQS 2. Exhaust gas emissions (Smoke) 40% or 2 on Ringlemann

Chart

3. Vehicle noise emissions (Scale

A Noise)

85 dbA (max.)

4. Vehicle’s Horn sound emission

(Scale C) 105 dbC (max.)

5. Parking Brake Mandatory

To keep a fully laden vehicle

stationary when parked at a slope

of 150

6. Available seat size per passenger 38cm x 38cm (min.)

7. Available seat backrest per

passenger 40cm x 38cm (min.) Optional for driver seat.

8. Seating height for each

passenger 30cm (min.)

May be reduced to 22 cm (min.) in

case bucket seats are used

9. Leg room for each passenger 33cm (min.)

May be reduced to 30 cm (min) in

case bucket seat are used and for

third row of seats.

10. Entrance level for passengers (in

case of un-laden vehicle) 30cm – 55cm

11. Drive mechanism

4 Stroke Reciprocating

Internal Combustion

Engine/Rotary Internal

Combustion Engine /

Electric Motor

Shall have suitable power to

weight ratio.

12. Braking System Hydraulic Drum or Discs Mandatory for rear wheels only

13. Transmission Direct / Through Shaft There shall be reverse gear

System.

14. Head Lamp

Low beam at 0mm 16500

lux(min.)

75mm12500 lux(min.) and

shall be adjustable to give a

view of the road at 7.5 meter

Single light / Double light

To be verified by PSQCA

(Measuring instrument not

mandatory for Unit)

15. Front Side Lamp Units

Emitting white light visible

from a distance of 7.5

meters in dark. Amber

yellow turn signals visible at

450 angle from a distance of

15 meters in day lights.



mandatory for Unit)

16. Rear Lamp Units

Tail lamps emitting red light

visible from a distance of 15

meters in dark operational

when front beam is switched

on. Brake indicator lamps

emitting red light visible at a

distance of 20 meters when

operated in day light. Amber

yellow turn signals visible at



mandatory for Unit)

Reverse gear indicator lamps shall

optional.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


a distance of 15 meters in

day light. Reverse gear

indicator lamp emitting

white light visible at a

distance of 20 meters and

giving a reasonable view to

driver for reversing the

vehicle.

17. Reflector

To mark not less than 10cm

from the extreme boundaries

of vehicle.

The size of each reflector must be

400mm2 at each side.

18.

Battery (for all devices except

power storage in case of

electrically driven vehicle) for

gasoline/CNG/LPG vehicle

12 Volts 26 Ah (min.)

19. Roof height for each passenger

90cm (min.)

To be measured from highest point

of Seat(s) vertically upwards.

20. Roof Soft Roof Water resistant Shall cover all area from wind

screen to extreme rear and sides.

21. Wind Screen Glass Clear enough that would not cause

distortion of vision.

22. Wipers Electric / Manual Shall be provided to clear at least

30% of screen area.

23. Electrical connections Safety insulated Shall have proper colour coding.

24. Speedometer/Odometer With speed indicator and

counter with units

Shall be tested and certified by

supplier.

25. Turn signal indicator, high beam

indicator, neutral / gear indicator Shall be provided

With proper lighting colour

scheme.

26. Spare wheel Shall be provided Jack and wheel spanner shall be

provided

27. Rear View mirrors Shall be provided at both

sides

Shall provide a clear view of rear

total

28. Body construction Shall be well fitted /

assembled.

Shall provide protection from dust

through floor and abnormal

vibration with suitable strengths.

29. Partitions Safety bars Shall be provided between each

seating row / compartment.

30. Attainable speed 40 km/hr (min.)

Shall be measured using a laden

vehicle. (May be 25km/hr for

electric vehicles).

31. CNG / LPG cylinders & kits OGRA approved As per valid S.R.O

32. Exhaust muffler Extended beyond rear seat

back

Not to extend beyond extreme rear

of body and shall be nearly

horizontal.

33.

Rear Seating protection (in case

the last row of seat(s) faces

backwards of the vehicle.

At least a safety bar/chain

Extended from one side of the

vehicle to the other at extreme rear

and above the seating height but

not above the minimum backrest

height

9.2 The three-wheeler auto vehicle shall be categorized in accordance with following criteria;

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE-2

SINGLE- SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (LOADER/PICKUP) 150 CC MINIMUM.

Sr.No. Details of

standards

Limits (with

units)

Criteria

1. Over all

vehicle length 400 cm

(max.) To be measured using extreme ends.

2.

Over all

vehicle with

folded mirrors

115 cm-

150 cm To be measured using extreme ends.

3. Wheel track 100 cm –

145cm

4. Wheel base 165 cm -

250 cm

5. Turning circle

diameter 700 cm

(max.) To be measured for both sides

6. Over hang 95 cm

(max.)

7. Road

clearance 10 cm

(min.)

8. Fuel efficiency

(min.)

15 km/ltr

for

gasoline 20 km/kg

for CNG 25 km/kg

for LPG

3Km/k Wh

for Electric

vehicles

Verification shall be done on horizontal metalled

road having no obstructions and fully laden during

no ambient winds. [One fuel system as selected by

OEM shall be used to verify]

TABLE-3

THREE SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (PASSENGER) 150 CC MINIMUM.

Sr.No. Details of

standards Limits (with

units) Criteria

1. Over all vehicle

length 350 cm


2. Over all vehicle

with folded

mirrors

105 cm-150

cm To be measured using extreme ends.

3. Wheel track 95 cm -

145cm

4. Wheel base 140 cm - 250

cm

5. Turning circle

diameter 700 cm


6. Over hang 95 cm (max.)

7. Ground 10 cm (min.)

PS: 4708-2018(R)


clearance

8. Fuel efficiency

(min.)

18 km/ltr for

gasoline 24 km/kg for

CNG 30 km/kg for

LPG 5Km/k Wh

for Electric

vehicles


road having no obstructions and fully laden

during no ambient winds. [One fuel system as

selected by OEM shall be used to verify]

TABLE-4

FOUR-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE ( PASSENGERS) 175 CC MINIMUM.

Sr.No. Details of

standards

Limits (with

units) Criteria

1. Over all


(max.)

To be measured using extreme ends.

2. Over all

vehicle with

folded mirrors

120 cm-150

cm

To be measured using extreme ends.


145cm


cm

5. Turning circle

diameter 700 cm



7. Ground

clearance 10 cm (min.)

8.

Fuel efficiency

(min.)

18 km/ltr for


CNG 30 km/kg for

LPG 5Km/k Wh

for Electric

vehicles


road having no obstructions and fully laden

during no ambient winds. [One fuel system as

selected by O.E.M. shall be used to verify]

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE 5

FIVE-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE ( PASSENGER) 200 CC

MINIMUM.

Sr.No. Details of

standards

Limits (with

units) Criteria

1. Over all vehicle

length 400 cm


2. Over all vehicle

width with

folded mirrors

105 cm-150



145cm

4. Wheel base 140 cm

300

cm

5. Turning circle

diameter 700 cm


6. Over hang 130 cm

(max.)

7. Ground


8. Fuel efficiency

(min.)

16 km/ltr for


CNG 28 km/kg for

LPG 4.5Km/k Wh

for Electric

vehicles

Verification shall be done on horizontal

metalled road having no obstructions and fully

laden during no ambient winds. [One fuel

system as selected by O.E.M. shall be used to

verify]

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE-6

SIX-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (MOTORCYCLE DRIVEN)

100CC MINIMUM Sr.No. Details of

standards

Limits (with

units)

Criteria

1. Over all



2. Over all

vehicle with

folded mirrors

115 cm-140



135cm


cm

5. Turning circle

diameter 600 cm


6. Over hang 105 cm

(max.)

7. Ground

clearance 9.5 cm (min.)

8. Fuel efficiency

(min.)

16 km/ltr for


CNG 28 km/kg for

LPG 4Km/k Wh

for Electric

vehicles


road having no obstructions and fully laden during

no ambient winds. [One fuel system as selected by

OEM shall be used to verify]

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE 7

SEVEN-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (PASSENGER) 200 CC

MINIMUM. Sr.No. Details of

standards Limits (with

units) Criteria

1. Over all



2. Over all

vehicle with

folded mirrors

115 cm-150



145cm

4. Wheel base 165 cm

350cm

5. Turning circle

diameter 700 cm



7. Ground


8. Fuel efficiency

(min.)

15 km/ltr for


CNG 25 km/kg for

LPG 3 Km /kWh

for Electric

vehicles

Verification shall be done on horizontal

metalled road having no obstructions and fully

laden during no ambient winds. [One fuel

system as selected by O.E.M. shall be used to

verify]

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE: 8

3-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (NINE PASSENGER) UPTO 350CC ENGINE

S.No Detail Of Standards Limits Criteria

1 Total Length (cm) 380 cm (max.) To be measured using extreme ends.

2 Total Width (cm) 115 cm-150 cm To be measured using extreme ends.

3 Wheel Track (cm) 100cm -155cm

4 Wheel Base (cm) 165cm -300cm

5 Turning Circle dia

(cm) 700 cm (max.) To be measured for both sides.

6 Over Hang (cm) 115 cm (max.)

7 Road Clearance (cm) 10 cm (min.)

8 Fuel Efficiency (min)

15km/ltr for

gasoline 15km/kg for

CNG 25km/kg for LPG

verification shall be done on

horizontal metalled road having no

obstruction and fully laden during no

ambient wind [one fuel system as

selected by O.E.M shall be used to

verify]

a Engine 250cc

9. Seating Arrangement 3+3+3 all facing

front or side by

side

9.3 Procedure for the administrative requirements for the approval of three- wheel

vehicles (Tricycle).

10.0 APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

10.1 The application for approval of a vehicle type with regard to its construction, safeties

and environmental protection shall be submitted by the vehicle manufacturer or by

their authorized representative.

10.2 The under mentioned documents in triplicate should be attached with this

application:

10.2.1 A description of the vehicle type with regard to the items specified in

paragraph 2.1and in Annex-I The numbers and/or symbols identifying the vehicle

type and the engine type shall be specified;

10.2.2 A list of type of approval certification about active safety as per table of para 4, duly

identified, constituting the vehicle as mentioned in Annex-I;

10.2.3 Certificates of type of approvals for the components and equipments installed on this

vehicle.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


10.2.4 Detailed drawings/sketch of each component to enable it to be easily located and

identified.

10.3 A vehicle, sample representative of the vehicle type to be approved, shall be

submitted to the technical service responsible for conducting the approval

verifications

11.0 APPROVAL

11.1 If the vehicle type submitted for approval pursuant to this Standard meets the

requirements of paragraphs 5, at least, the approval of that vehicle type shall be

granted.

11.2 An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. Its first two digits

shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical

amendments made to the Regulation, if any, at the time of issuance of the approval.

The same applicant Party shall not assign the same number to the same vehicle type

equipped with another type of devices such as (brake system, lighting system,

exhaust system etc.etc.) or to another vehicle type.

11.3 There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on

the approval form, to every vehicle conforming to a vehicle type approved under this

Regulation

11.4 The approval mark shall be clearly legible and be indelible.

11.5 The approval mark shall be placed close to or on the vehicle data plate affixed by the

manufacturer.

11.6 Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of Approval marks.

12 Others;

12.1 Assemblers shall assure warranty of vehicle for at least three (03) months or 500km

which ever comes earlier, in case of defects the assemblers shall offer free service /spare

parts

12.2 The assembler /manufacturer shall offer availability of after sales service and parts/

maintenance through authorized service dealer workshop in the area of sales.

12.3 The assembler /manufacturer shall be responsible for informing the public on change of

model.

12.4 The assembler /manufacturer shall establish sales dealerships and service cum spare parts

facilitation through warranty centers in major cities of the country and publicize their

address in a way that the public should be aware of these facilities.

12.5 The assembler /manufacturer shall not sell any vehicle without sales tax invoice and is

bound to submit quarterly production reports; in accordance of applicable S.R .O. of

Ministry of Science and Technology; to PSQCA.

12.6 Checklist of documentation to be shown at the time of inspection as evidence of QA /Qc

for Assembly units defined by PSQCA.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


ANNEX- I

Vehicle Category L type and Sub Classification:

Category Category name Common classification criteria

L2e-L7e All L-Category Vehicle other than 2 wheel

(1)Length≤4000mm

(2)Width ≤2000mm and

(3)height≤2500mm

Mopeds (L2e) Mopeds (L2e) Mopeds (L2e) Electric


L2e Three-wheel

moped (4) three wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under (3) and

(5) engine capacity ≤ 50 cm3 if a PI internal combustion engine or engine

capacity ≤ 50 cm3 if a CI combustion

(6) maximum design vehicle speed ≤ 45 km/h and

(7) maximum continuous rated or net power (1 ) ≤ 4 000 W and

(8) mass in running order ≤ 270 kg and

(9) equipped with a maximum of two seating positions, including the

seating position for the driver and

Sub-

categories Subcategory

name Supplemental sub-classification criteria

L2e-P Three-wheel

moped

for passenger

transport

(10) L2e vehicle other than those complying with the specific

classification criteria for a L2e-U vehicle.

L2e-U Three-wheel

moped

for utility

purposes

(10) exclusively designed for the carriage of goods with an open or

enclosed, virtually even and

loading bed that meets the following criteria:

(a) length loading bed x width loading bed ≥ 0,3 •x Length vehicle x maximum Width

vehicle or

(b) an equivalent loading bed area as defined above in order to install

machines and/or equipment and

(c) designed with a loading bed area which is clearly separated by a rigid

partition from the area

reserved for the vehicle occupants and

(d) The loading bed area shall be able to carry a minimum volume

represented by a 600 mm cube.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


L4e Two-wheel motorcycle with

side-car


L4e Two-wheel

motorcycle with

side-car

(4) base powered vehicle complying with the classification and sub-classification

criteria for a L3e vehicle and

(5) base powered vehicle equipped with one side-car and

(6) with a maximum of four seating positions including the driver on the

motorcycle with side car and

(7) a maximum of two seating positions for passengers in the side car and

(8) Maximum mass = technically permissible mass declared by the manufacturer.

L5e-A L5e-B L5e-C L5e-U L5e-U1

This L5e Category is fully complying with Pakistan Motor Vehicle Ordinance 1965 Clause-------

- of Chapter ------- under the definition of Motor Cab for carrying passenger not more than 10

including driver, sub-category A, B and C falls in this category.


L5e Powered tricycle

Motor Cab (4) three wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under (3) and

(5) mass in running order ≤ 1000 kg for passenger and ≤ 1500Kg for

Cargo carrier

(6) three-wheel vehicle that cannot be classified as a L2e vehicle

Sub-categories Subcategory


PS: 4708-2018(R)


L5e-A Tricycle (7) L5e vehicle other than those complying with the specific classification

criteria for a L5e-B vehicle and

(8) With a maximum of three seating positions, including the seating position

of the driver.

L5e-B Tricycle (7) Designed as a passenger and their goods carrying vehicle and accessible

by maximum two sides.

(8) equipped with a maximum of five seating positions, including the seating

position for the driver and

(9) Exclusively designed for the carriage of persons with an enclosed,

passenger compartment.

L5e-C Tricycle (7) designed as a passenger carrying vehicle and characterized by an open

passenger compartment to meet the cultural requirement for male and female

passengers and accessible by three sides at least and maximum design speed

≤ 45 Km/hr

(8) equipped with a maximum of less than ten seating positions, including the

seating position for the driver and

(9) Exclusively designed for the carriage of persons

L5e-U &

L5e-U1

Tricycle

(7) Designed for carrying goods and or utilities with open deck for the goods

or with Closed container type

L6e L6e-A L6e-B (BP, BU)


L6e Light quadricycle (4) four wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under (3) and


(6) the mass in running order ≤ 425 kg and

(7) engine capacity ≤ 50 cm3 if a PI engine or engine capacity ≤ 50 cm3 if a CI

engine forms part of the

vehicle's propulsion configuration and

(8) equipped with a maximum of two seating positions, including the seating

position for the driver and

PS: 4708-2018(R)




L6e-A Light on-road

quad (9) L6e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L6e-

B vehicle and

(10) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 4 000 W.

L6e-B Light quadri-

mobile

(9) enclosed driving and passenger compartment accessible by maximum three

sides and

(10) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 6 000 W and

Sub-sub-

categories

Sub-subcategory

Name

Sub-sub-classification criteria in addition to the sub-classification criteria

of a L6e-B vehicle

L6e-BP Light quadri-

mobile

for passenger

transport

(11) L6e-B vehicle mainly designed for passenger transport and

(12) L6e-B vehicle other than those complying with the specific classification

criterion for a L6e-BU vehicle.

L6e-BU Light quadri-

mobile

for utility purposes

(11) exclusively designed for the carriage of goods with an open or enclosed,

virtually even and horizontal


(a) length loading bed x width loading bed ≥ 0,3 •x Length vehicle x Width vehicle or

(b) an equivalent loading bed area as defined above in order to install machines

and/or equipment and

(c) designed with a loading bed area which is clearly separated by a rigid

partition from the area

reserved for the vehicle occupants and

(d) the loading bed area shall be able to carry a minimum volume represented by

a 600 mm cube.

L7e-A1 L7e-A1 L7e-A2


L7e Heavy

quadricycle (4) four wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under (3) and

(5) mass in running order:

(a) ≤ 450 kg for transport of passengers;

(b) ≤ 600 kg for transport of goods. and

(6) L7e vehicle that cannot be classified as a L6e vehicle and



L7e-A Heavy on-road

quad

(7) L7e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-B

or a L7e-C vehicle and

(8) vehicle designed for the transport of passengers only and

(9) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 15 kW and

Sub-Sub

categories

Sub-Sub

category

Name

Supplemental sub-classification criteria

PS: 4708-2018(R)


L7e-A1 A1 heavy on-road

Quad

(10) maximum two straddle seating positions, including the seating position for

the rider and

(11)Handle bar to steer.

L7e-A2 A2 heavy on-road

Quad

(10) L7e-A vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a

L7e-A1 vehicle and

(11)Maximum two non-straddle seating positions, including the seating position

for the driver.

L7e-B1 L7e-B2 L7e-B2

Sub-category Subcategory


L7e-B Heavy all terrain

Quad

(7) L7e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-C

vehicle and

(8) ground clearance ≥ 180 mm and

Sub-Sub

categories

Sub-Sub

category

Name

Supplemental sub-classification criteria

L7e-B1 All terrain quad (9) maximum two straddle seating positions, including the seating position for the

rider and

(10) equipped with a handlebar to steer and


(12) wheelbase to ground clearance ratio ≤ 6.

L7e-B2 Side-by-side

buggy

(9) L7e-B vehicle other than a L7e-B1 vehicle and

(10) maximum three non-straddle seats of which two positioned side-by-side,

including the seating position for

the driver and


(12) wheel base to ground clearance ratio ≤. 8.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


L7e-CP L7e-CP L7e-CU

Sub-category Subcategory name Supplemental sub-classification criteria

L7e-C Heavy quadri-

Mobile

(7) L7e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-B

vehicle and



(10) enclosed driving and passenger compartment accessible via maximum three

sides and

Sub-sub-

categories

Sub-subcategory

Name

Sub-sub-classification criteria in addition to the sub-classification criteria of a

L7e-C vehicle

L7e-CP Heavy quadri-

mobile for

passenger transport

(11) L7e-C vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-

CU vehicle and

(12) Maximum four non-straddle seats, including the seating position for the

driver.

L7e-CU Heavy quadri-

mobile

for utility purposes

(11) exclusively designed for the carriage of goods with an open or enclosed,

virtually even and horizontal


(a) size length, width and height should remain within the prescribed limits of L category

vehicle i.e L=4M, W=2M and H=2.5M (c) designed with a loading bed area which is clearly separated by a rigid partition

from the area reserved for the vehicle occupants

(12)Maximum two non-straddle seats, including the seating position for the driver.

SOURCE:

Vehicle Standard Development dept. Survey of ECE Regulations and EC-Directive as

per1st September 2014 Annex1

PS: 4708-2018(R)


ANNEX-II

STANDARD FOR BRAKE

OF VEHICLES 3-WHEEL VEHICLE AND 4-WHEEL VEHICLE OF CATEGORY &

SUB-CATEGORY L2, L4, L5, L6 AND L7

This standard is adopted by PSQCA after draft finalized by TC and NSC.

This standard is prepared for the first time considering Global Technical Regulation GTR3

formulated by UNECE which is set Goal for the future of Pakistan Automobile Industries.

This standard specifies the need of service Brakes of 3wheel vehicles and 4 wheel vehicles

which are covered under category of L2, L4, L5, L6 and L7 as described in:

ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.3 Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E 3)

In order to facilitate access to the markets of member countries of WP-29 it is necessary to

establish equivalence between the requirements of this standard and those of UNECE Regulation

No. 78

PS: 4708-2018(R)


PS No.(4708-1) 2015

APPROVAL OF 3 and 4 wheel VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES L2, L4, L5, L6, AND L7 WITH

REGARD TO BRAKING

CONTENTS

REGULATION Page

1. Scope ............................................................................................................................ 3

2. Definitions .................................................................................................................... 4

3. Application for approval .............................................................................................. 8

4. Approval ...................................................................................................................... 8

5. Specifications ............................................................................................................... 6

6. Tests ............................................................................................................................. 9

7. Preparation of vehicles ................................................................................................ 24

8. Instrumentation ............................................................................................................ 24

9. Correction of test results ............................................................................................. 27

10. Vehicle data ................................................................................................................. 27

11. Names and addresses of Technical Services

Responsible for conducting approval tests

And of Administrative Departments .......................................................................... 30

PS: 4708-2018(R)


1. SCOPE:

This Regulation applies to vehicles of categories L2, L4, L5, L6 and L7 as defined in PS#--------

-- Annex---------

Following categories do not include:

(a) Vehicles with a Vmax of < 25 km/h;

(b) Vehicles equipped for disabled riders.

2. DEFINITIONS: For the purposes of this Standard:

2.1. "Antilock brake system (ABS)" means a system which senses wheel slip and automatically

modulates the pressure producing the braking forces at the wheel(s) to limit the degree of

wheel slip.

2.2. "Approval of a vehicle" means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to braking.

2.3. "Baseline test" means a stop or a series of stops carried out in order to confirm the performance

of the brake prior to subjecting it to a further test such as the heating procedure or wet brake

stop.

2.4. "Brake" means those parts of the brake system where the forces opposing the movement of the

vehicle are developed.

2.5. "Brake system" means the combination of parts consisting of the control, transmission, and

brake, but excluding the engine, whose function it is to progressively reduce the speed of a

moving vehicle, bring it to a halt, and keep it stationary when halted.

2.6. "Combined brake system (CBS)" means:

For vehicle categories L2, L4, and L5: a service brake system where at least two brakes on

different wheels are operated by the actuation of a single control.

For vehicle categories L5, L6 and L7: a service brake system where the brakes on all wheels

are operated by the actuation of a single control.

2.7. "Components of the braking system" means one of the individual parts which, when

assembled, constitutes the braking system.

2.8. "Control" means the part actuated directly by the rider in order to supply or control the energy

required for braking the vehicle to the transmission.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


2.9. "Different types of braking systems" means devices which differ in such essential respects as:

(a) Components having different characteristics;

(b) A component made of materials having different characteristics, or a

component differing in shape or size;

(c) A different assembly of the components.

2.10. "Driver mass" means the nominal mass of a driver that shall be 75 kg (subdivided

into 68 kg occupant mass at the seat and 7 kg luggage mass).

2.11. "Engine disconnected" means when the engine is no longer connected to the driving

wheel(s).

2.12. "Gross vehicle mass" or "maximum mass" means the technically permissible

maximum laden mass as declared by the manufacturer.

2.13. "Initial brake temperature" means the temperature of the hottest brake before any

brake application.

2.14. "Laden" means so loaded as to attain the gross vehicle mass as defined in

paragraph 2.12.

2.15. "Lightly loaded" means mass in running order plus 15 kg for test equipment, or the

laden condition, whichever is less.

2.16. "Mass in running order" means the sum of the un-laden vehicle mass and driver

mass.

2.17. "Peak braking coefficient (PBC)" means the measure of tyre to road surface friction

based on the maximum deceleration of a rolling tyre.

2.18. "Power-assisted braking system" means a brake system in which the energy

necessary to produce the braking force is supplied by the physical effort of the rider

assisted by one or more energy supplying devices, for example vacuum assisted

(with vacuum booster).

2.19. "Secondary brake system" means the second service brake system on a vehicle

equipped with a combined brake system.

2.20. "Service brake system" means a brake system which is used for slowing the vehicle

when in motion.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


2.21. "Single brake system" means a brake system which acts on only one axle.

2.22. "Split service brake system (SSBS)" means a brake system that operates the brakes

on all wheels, consisting of two or more subsystems actuated by a single control

designed so that a single failure in any subsystem (such as a leakage type failure of a

hydraulic subsystem) does not impair the operation of any other subsystem.

2.23. "Stopping distance" means the distance travelled by the vehicle from the point the rider begins

to actuate the brake control to the point at which the vehicle reaches a full stop. For tests

where the simultaneous actuation of two controls is specified, the distance travelled is taken

from the point the first control is actuated.

2.24. "Test speed" means the vehicle speed measured the moment the driver begins to actuate the

brake control(s). For tests where the simultaneous actuation of two controls is specified, the

vehicle speed is taken from the point the first control is actuated.

2.25. "Transmission" means the combination of components that provide the functional link

between the control and the brake.

2.26. "Unladen vehicle mass" means the nominal mass of the vehicle as indicated by the

manufacturer(s) including all factory fitted equipment for normal operation of that vehicle

(e.g. fire extinguisher, tools, spare wheel), plus coolant, oils, 90 per cent of fuel and 100 per

cent of other gas or liquids, as specified by the manufacturer.

2.27. "Vehicle type" means a main and sub-category of L-category vehicles which do not differ in

such essential respects as:

a. The vehicle category, as defined in the Consolidated Resolution (R.E.3)

PS No.------

b. The gross vehicle mass, as defined in paragraph 2.12.;

c. The distribution of the mass between the axles;

d. V max;

e. A different type of braking device;

f. The number and arrangement of the axles;

g. The engine type;

h. The number and ratios of gears;

i. The final drive ratios;

PS: 4708-2018(R)


j. The tyre dimensions.

2.28. "Vmax" means either the speed attainable by accelerating at a maximum rate from a standing

start for a distance of 1.6 km on a level surface, with the vehicle lightly loaded, or the speed

measured in accordance with ISO 7117:1995.

2.29. "Wheel lock" means the condition that occurs when there is a slip ratio of 1.00.

3.0 SPECIFICATIONS

3.1. BRAKE SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

3.1.1. Each vehicle shall meet each of the tests specified for a vehicle of its category and for

those brake features on the vehicle.

3.1.2. Service brake system control operation

Vehicles shall have configurations that enable a rider to actuate the service brake

system control while seated in the normal driving position and with both hands on

the steering control.

3.1.3. Secondary brake system control operation

Vehicles shall have configurations that enable a rider to actuate the secondary brake

system control while seated in the normal driving position and with at least one hand

on the steering control.

3.1.4. Parking brake system

If a parking brake system is fitted, it shall hold the vehicle stationary on the slope

prescribed in paragraph 4.7

The parking brake system shall:

(a) Have a control which is separate from the service brake system controls; and

(b) Be held in the locked position by solely mechanical means.

Vehicles shall have configurations that enable a rider to be able to actuate the parking

brake system while seated in the normal driving position.

3.1.5. Three-wheeled vehicles of vehicles category L4 shall be equipped with a split service

brake system, with at least one brake operating on the front wheel and at least one

PS: 4708-2018(R)


break operating on the rear wheel. A brake on the sidecar wheel is not required if the

vehicle meets the performance requirements prescribed in Annex 3, paragraph 4.

3.1.6. Three-wheeled vehicles of category L2 shall be equipped with a parking brake system

plus one of the following service brake systems:

(a) Two separate service brake systems, except CBS, which, when applied

together, operate the brakes on all wheels; or

(b) A split service brake system; or

(c) A CBS that operates the brakes on all wheels and the secondary brake system

which may be the parking break system.

3.1.7 Category L5 vehicles shall be equipped with:

3.1.7.1 A parking brake system; and

3.1.8 A foot-actuated service brake system which operates on the brakes on all wheels, by way of

either:

(a) A split service brake system; or

(b) A CBS that operates the brakes on all wheels and a secondary brake system, which may

be the parking brake system.

3.1.9 In cases where two separate service brake systems are installed, the systems may share a

common brake, if a failure in one system does not affect the performance of the other.

3.1.10 For vehicles that use hydraulic fluid for brake force transmission, the master cylinder shall:

(a) Have a sealed, covered, separate reservoir for each brake system;

(Have a minimum reservoir capacity equivalent to 1.5 times the total fluid displacement

required to satisfy the new to fully worn lining condition with the worst case brake

adjustment condition); and

(b) Have a reservoir where the fluid level is visible for checking without removal of the

cover.

3.1.11 All warning lamps shall be mounted in the rider's view.

3.1.12 Vehicles that are equipped with a split service brake system shall be fitted with a red

warning lamp, which shall be activated:

(a) When there is a hydraulic failure on the application of a force of ≤ 90 N on the

control; or

PS: 4708-2018(R)


(b) Without actuation of the brake control, when the brake fluid level in the master

cylinder reservoir falls below the greater of:

i. That which is specified by the manufacturer; and

ii. That which is less than or equal to half of the fluid reservoir capacity.

3.1.13 To permit function checking, the warning lamp shall be illuminated by the activation of

the ignition switch and shall be extinguished when the check has been completed. The

warning lamp shall remain on while a failure condition exists whenever the ignition switch

is in the "on" position.

3.2. DURABILITY

3.2.1. Wear of the brakes shall be compensated for by means of a system of automatic or

manual adjustment.

3.2.2. The friction material thickness shall either be visible without disassembly, or where

the friction material is not visible, wear shall be assessed by means of a device

designed for that purpose.

3.2.3 During all the tests in this Regulation and on their completion, there shall be no

friction material detachment and no leakage of brake fluid.

3.3 MEASUREMENT OF DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE

The method used to measure performance is as specified in the respective tests in

Annex 3. There are three ways in which the service brake system performance may

be measured:

3.3.1 MFDD (Mean Fully Developed Deceleration):

Calculation of MFDD:

)(92.25

22

be

ebm

SS

VVd

in m/s

2

Where:

dm = mean fully developed deceleration

V1 = vehicle speed when rider actuates the control

Vb = vehicle speed at 0.8 V1 in km/h

Ve = vehicle speed at 0.1 V1 in km/h

Sb = distance travelled between V1 and Vb in metres

Se = distance travelled between V1 and Ve in metres

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3.3.2 Stopping distance:

Based on the basic equations of motion:

S = 0.1·V + (X) ·V2

Where:

S = stopping distance in metres

V = vehicle speed in km/h

X = a variable based on the requirement for each test

To calculate the corrected stopping distance using the actual vehicle test speed, the

following formula is used:

Ss = 0.1·Vs + (Sa – 0.1·Va) · Vs2/Va

2

Where:

Ss = corrected stopping distance in metres

Vs = specified vehicle test speed in km/h

Sa = actual stopping distance in metres

Va = actual vehicle test speed in km/h

Note: This equation is only valid when the actual test speed (Va) is within ± 5 km/h of the

specified test speed (Vs).

3.3.3 Continuous deceleration recording:

For the burnishing procedure and tests such as the wet brake and heat fade – heating

procedure, there is a continuous recording of the vehicle's instantaneous deceleration from

the moment a force is applied to the end of the stop.

3.4 Brake lining materials:

Brake linings shall not contain asbestos.

4.0 TESTS:

The braking tests (test conditions and procedures) which vehicles submitted for approval are

required to undergo, and the braking performance required, as prescribed here under:

TEST CONDITIONS, PROCEDURES AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

4.1. GENERAL

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4.1.1. Test surfaces

4.1.1.1. High friction surface:

a) Applicable to all dynamic brake tests excluding the ABS tests where a low-friction

surface is specified;

b) The test area is a clean and level surface, with a gradient ≤ 1 per cent;

c) The surface has a nominal peak braking coefficient (PBC) of 0.9, unless otherwise

specified.

4.1.1.2. Low friction surface:

a) Applicable to all dynamic brake tests where a low-friction surface is

specified;

b) The test area is a clean, dry and level surface, with a gradient ≤ 1 per cent;

c) The surface has a PBC of ≤ 0.45.

4.1.1.3. Measurement of PBC:

The PBC is measured as determined by the approval authority using

either:

(a) The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E1136 standard

reference test tyre, in accordance with ASTM Method E1337-90, at a

speed of 65 kmp without water delivery; or

(b) The method specified in the Appendix to Annex 4 of UNECE Regulation

No. 78, 01 series of amendments.

4.1.1.4. Parking brake system tests:

The specified test slope has a clean and dry surface that does not deform

under the mass of the vehicle.

4.1.1.5. Test lane width:

For three-wheeled vehicles (vehicle categories L2, L4, L5, L6, and L7) the

test lane width is 2.5 m plus the vehicle width.

4.1.2. Ambient temperature

The ambient temperature is between 4 °C and 45 °C.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


4.1.3. Wind speed

The wind speed is not more than 5 m/s.

4.1.4. Test speed tolerance

The test speed tolerance is ± 5 km/h.

In the event of the actual test speed deviating from the specified test speed,

the actual stopping distance is corrected using the formula in paragraph

5.3.2. of this Regulation.

4.1.5. Automatic transmission

Vehicles with automatic transmission shall complete all tests - whether they are for

"engine connected" or "engine disconnected".

If an automatic transmission has a neutral position, the neutral position is selected for

tests where "engine disconnected" is specified.

4.1.6. Vehicle position and wheel lock:

(a) The vehicle is positioned in the centre of the test lane for the beginning of each

stop;

(b) Stops are made without the vehicle wheels passing outside the applicable test

lane and without wheel lock.

4.1.7. Test sequence

Test order Paragraph

1. Dry stop - single brake control actuated

2. Dry stop - all service brake controls actuated

3. Wet brake

4. Heat fade 1/

5. If fitted:

5.1. Parking brake system

5.3. Partial failure, for split service brake systems

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

Note 1/: Heat fade is always the last test to be carried out.

4.2. PREPARATION

4.2.1. Engine idle speed

PS: 4708-2018(R)


The engine idle speed is set to the manufacturer's specification.

4.2.2. Tyre pressures

The tyres are inflated to the manufacturer's specification for the vehicle loading

condition for the test.

4.2.3. Control application points and direction

For a hand control lever, the input force (F) is applied on the control lever's forward

surface perpendicular to the axis of the lever fulcrum and its outermost point on the

plane along which the control lever rotates (see figure below).

The input force is applied to a point located 50 mm from the outermost point of the

control lever, measured along the axis between the central axis of the fulcrum of the lever

and its outermost point.

For a foot control pedal, the input force is applied to the centre of, and at right angles

to, the control pedal.

4.2.4. Brake temperature measurement

As determined by the approval authority, the brake temperature is measured on the

approximate centre of the braking path of the disc or drum using:

(a) A rubbing thermocouple that is in contact with the surface of the disc or drum;

or

(b) A thermocouple that is embedded in the friction material.

4.2.5. Burnishing procedure

The vehicle brakes are burnished prior to evaluating performance. This procedure

may be completed by the manufacturer:

(a) Vehicle lightly loaded;

(b) Engine disconnected;

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(c) Test speed:

(i) Initial speed: 50 km/h or 0.8 Vmax, whichever is lower;

(ii) Final speed = 5 to 10 km/h;

(d) Brake application:

(i) Each service brake system control actuated separately;

(e) Vehicle deceleration:

(i) Single front brake system only:

3.0-3.5 m/s2 for vehicle categories L4;

1.5-2.0 m/s2 for vehicle categories L2;

(ii) Single rear brake system only: 1.5-2.0 m/s2;

(iii) CBS or split service brake system: 3.5-4.0 m/s2;

(f) Number of decelerations: 100 per brake system;

(g) Initial brake temperature before each brake application ≤ 100 °C;

(h) For the first stop, accelerate the vehicle to the initial speed and then actuate the

brake control under the conditions specified until the final speed is reached.

Then reaccelerate to the initial speed and maintain that speed until the brake

temperature falls to the specified initial value. When these conditions are met,

reapply the brake as specified. Repeat this procedure for the number of

specified decelerations. After burnishing, adjust the brakes in accordance with

the manufacturer's recommendations.

4.3. DRY STOP TEST - SINGLE BRAKE CONTROL ACTUATED

4.3.1. Vehicle condition:

(a) The test is applicable to all vehicle categories;

(b) Laden:

PS: 4708-2018(R)


For vehicles fitted with CBS and split service brake systems: the vehicle is

tested in the lightly loaded condition in addition to the laden condition;

(c) Engine disconnected.

4.3.2. Test conditions and procedure:

(a) Initial brake temperature: ≥ 55 °C and ≤ 100 °C;

(b) Test speed:

(i) Vehicle categories L2: 40 km/h or 0.9 Vmax, whichever is lower;

(i) Vehicle categories L5 and L4: 60 km/h or 0.9 Vmax, whichever is lower;

(c) Brake application:

(i) Each service brake system control actuated separately;

(d) Brake actuation force:

(i) Hand control: ≤ 200 N;

(ii) Foot control: ≤ 350 N for vehicle categories L2 and L4;

≤ 500 N for vehicle category L5; L6; L7

(e) Number of stops: until the vehicle meets the performance requirements, with a

maximum of 6 stops;

(f) For each stop, accelerate the vehicle to the test speed and then actuate the brake

control under the conditions specified in this paragraph.

4.3.3. Performance requirements

When the brakes are tested in accordance with the test procedure set out in

paragraph 4.3.2., the stopping distance shall be as specified in column 2 or the

MFDD shall be as specified in column 3 of the following table-1:

Column 1 Column 2 Column 3

Vehicle Category

STOPPING DISTANCE (S) (Where V is the specified test speed in km/h and S is the

required stopping distance in metres)

MFDD

Single brake system, front wheel(s) braking only:

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TABLE-1

L5 test is applicable on L6 and L7 categories vehicles

4.4. DRY STOP TEST – ALL SERVICE BRAKE CONTROLS ACTUATED


(a) The test is applicable to vehicle categories L5 and L4; L6 and L7

Lightly loaded

Engine disconnected.

4.4.2. Test conditions and procedure:


(b) Test speed: 100 km/h or 0.9 Vmax, whichever is lower;


Simultaneous actuation of both service brake system controls, if so equipped, or of the

single service brake system control in the case of a service brake system that operates on all

wheels;


L2 S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0143 V

2 ≥ 2.7 m/s2

L5 Not applicable Not applicable L4 S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0105 V

2 ≥ 3.6 m/s2

Single brake system, rear wheel(s) braking only:

L2 S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0143 V

2 ≥ 2.7 m/s2

L5 Not applicable Not applicable L4 S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0105 V

2 ≥ 3.6 m/s2

Vehicles with CBS or split service brake systems: for laden and lightly loaded conditions: L2 S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0087 V

2 ≥ 4.4 m/s2

L5 S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0077 V

2 ≥ 5.0 m/s2

L4 S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0071 V2 ≥ 5.4 m/s

2

Vehicles with CBS – secondary service brake systems: ALL S ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0154 V

2 ≥ 2.5 m/s

2

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Hand control: ≤ 250 N;

Foot control: ≤ 400 N for vehicle category L4;

≤ 500 N for vehicle category L5; L6 – L7

(e) Number of stops: until the vehicle meets the performance requirements, with a

maximum of 6 stops;

(f) For each stop, accelerate the vehicle to the test speed and then actuate the brake controls

under the conditions specified in this paragraph.


When the brakes are tested in accordance with the test procedure set out in paragraph 4.4.2.,

the stopping distance (S) shall be S ≤ 0.0060 V2

(where V is the specified test speed in km/h

and S is the required stopping distance in metres).

4.5. WET BRAKE TEST

4.5.1. General:

(a) The test is comprised of two parts that are carried out consecutively for each brake

system:

(i) A baseline test based on the dry stop test - single brake control actuated

V (section 4.3.);

(ii) A single wet brake stop using the same test parameters as in (i), but with the

brake(s) being continuously sprayed with water while the test is conducted in order

to measure the brakes' performance in wet conditions;

(b) The test is not applicable to a parking brake system, unless it is the secondary

brake;

(c) Drum brakes or fully enclosed disc brakes are exempt from this test unless

ventilation or open inspection ports are present;

(d) This test requires the vehicle to be fitted with instrumentation that gives a

continuous recording of brake control force and vehicle deceleration. The MFDD

and the stopping distance measurements are not appropriate in this case.


(a) The test is applicable to all vehicle categories;

PS: 4708-2018(R)


(b) Laden:

For vehicles fitted with CBS and split service brake systems: the vehicle is

tested in the lightly loaded condition in addition to the laden condition;

(c) Engine disconnected;

(d) Each brake is fitted with water spray equipment:

(i) Disc brakes: Sketch of water spray equipment:

The disc brake water spray equipment is installed as follows:

a. Water is sprayed onto each brake with a flow rate of 15 litres/hr. The water is equally

distributed on each side of the rotor;

b. If the surface of the rotor has any shielding, the spray is applied 45° prior to the shield;

b. If it is not possible to locate the spray in the position shown on the sketch, or if the spray

coincides with a brake ventilation hole or similar, the spray nozzle may be advanced by an

additional 90° maximum from the edge of the pad, using the same radius;

PS: 4708-2018(R)


(ii) Drum brakes with ventilation and open inspection ports:

The water spray equipment is installed as follows:

a. Water is sprayed equally onto both sides of the drum brake assembly (on the stationary

back plate and on the rotating drum) with a flow rate of 15 litres/hr;

b. The spray nozzles are positioned two thirds of the distance from the outer circumference

of the rotating drum to the wheel hub centre;

c. The nozzle position is 15 from the edge of any opening in the drum back plate.

4.5.3. Baseline test

4.5.3.1. Test conditions and procedure:

(a) The test in section 4.3. (dry stop test - single brake control actuated) is

carried out for each brake system but with the brake control force that

results in a vehicle deceleration of 2.5 – 3.0 m/s2, and the following is

determined:

(i) The average brake control force measured when the vehicle is

travelling between 80 per cent and 10 per cent of the specified test

speed;

(ii) The average vehicle deceleration in the period 0.5 to 1.0 seconds

after the point of actuation of the brake control;

(iii) The maximum vehicle deceleration during the complete stop but

excluding the final 0.5 seconds;

(b) Conduct 3 baseline stops and average the values obtained in (i), (ii), and

(iii).

4.5.4. Wet brake stop


(a) The vehicle is ridden at the test speed used in the baseline test set out in

paragraph 4.5.3. with the water spray equipment operating on the brake(s)

to be tested and with no application of the brake system;

(b) After a distance of ≥ 500 m, apply the averaged brake control force

determined in the baseline test for the brake system being tested;

PS: 4708-2018(R)


(c) Measure the average vehicle deceleration in the period 0.5 to 1.0 seconds

after the point of actuation of the brake control;

(d) Measure the maximum vehicle deceleration during the complete stop but

excluding the final 0.5 seconds.



paragraph 4.5.4.1., the wet brake deceleration performance shall be:

The value measured in paragraph 4.5.4.1.(c) ≥ 60 per cent of the averaged deceleration

values recorded in the baseline test in paragraph 4.5.3.1.(a)(ii), i.e. in the period 0.5 to 1.0

seconds after the point of application of the brake control; and

The value measured in 4.5.4.1. (d) ≤ 120 per cent of the averaged deceleration values

recorded in the baseline test 4.5.3.1.(a)(iii), i.e. during the complete stop but excluding the

final 0.5 seconds.

4.6. HEAT FADE TEST

4.6.1. General:

(a) The test comprises three parts that are carried out consecutively for each brake system:

o A baseline test using the dry stop test - single brake control actuated (section 3. of

this annex);

o A heating procedure which consist of a series of repeated stops in order to heat

the brake(s);

o A hot brake stop using the dry stop test - single brake control actuated (article

4.3), to measure the brake's performance after the heating procedure;

(b) The test is applicable to vehicle categories L4, L5, L6 and L7;

(c) The test is not applicable to parking brake systems and secondary service brake

systems;

(d) All stops are carried out with the vehicle laden;

(e) The heating procedure requires the vehicle to be fitted with instrumentation that gives a

continuous recording of brake control force and vehicle deceleration. The MFDD and

stopping distance measurements are not appropriate for the heating procedure. The

baseline test and the hot brake stop require the measurement of either MFDD or the

stopping distance.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


4.6.2. Baseline test

4.6.2.1. Vehicle condition:

(a) Engine disconnected.



(b) Test speed: 60 km/h or 0.9 Vmax, whichever is lower;


Each service brake system control actuated separately;



Foot control: ≤ 350 N for vehicle categories L2 and L4;

≤ 500 N for vehicle category L5, L6 and L7 ;

(e) Accelerate the vehicle to the test speed, actuate the brake control under the

conditions specified and record the control force required to achieve the vehicle

braking performance specified in the article 3.3.

4.6.3. Heating procedure

4.6.3.1. Vehicle condition:

(a) Engine transmission:

(i) From the specified test speed to 50 per cent specified test speed:

connected, with the highest appropriate gear selected such that the engine

speed remains above the manufacturer's specified idle speed;

(ii) From 50 per cent specified test speed to standstill: disconnected.


(a) Initial brake temperature prior to first stop only: ≥ 55 °C and ≤ 100 °C;

(b) Test speed:

PS: 4708-2018(R)


Single brake system, front wheel braking only: 100 km/h or 0.7V max, whichever is lower;

Single brake system, rear wheel braking only: 80 km/h or 0.7V max, whichever is lower;

CBS or split service brake system: 100 km/h or 0.7V max, whichever is lower;


Each service brake system control actuated separately;


(i) For the first stop:

The constant control force that achieves a vehicle deceleration rate of 3.0 - 3.5 m/s2

while the vehicle is decelerating between 80 per cent and 10 per cent of the specified

speed;

If the vehicle is unable to achieve the specified vehicle deceleration rate, this stop is

carried out to meet the deceleration requirements in the table in paragraph 3.3.

(ii) For the remaining stops:

A .The same constant brake control force as used for the first stop;

B Number of stops: 10;

C Interval between stops: 1000 m;

(e) Carry out a stop to the conditions specified in this paragraph and then

immediately use maximum acceleration to reach the specified speed and

maintain that speed until the next stop is made.

4.6.4. Hot brake stop


Perform a single stop under the conditions used in the baseline test (paragraph 4.6.2.)

for the brake system that has been heated during the procedure in accordance with

paragraph 4.6.3. This stop is carried out within one minute of the completion of the

procedure set out in paragraph 4.6.3. with a brake control application force less than

or equal to the force used during the test set out in paragraph 4.6.2.

4.6.5. Performance requirement:


paragraph 4.6.4.1.

(a) The stopping distance: S2 ≤ 1.67 S1 – 0.67 x 0.1V

PS: 4708-2018(R)


Where: S1 =corrected stopping distance in metres achieved in the baseline test set

out in paragraph 4.6.2.

S2 = corrected stopping distance in metres achieved in the hot brake

stop set out in paragraph 4.6.4.1.

V = specified test speed in km/h; or

(b) The MFDD ≥ 60 per cent of the MFDD recorded in the test set out in

paragraph 4.6.2.

4.7 PARKING BRAKE SYSTEM TEST – FOR VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH

PARKING BRAKES

4.7.1 Vehicle condition:

(a) The test is applicable to vehicle categories L2, L4, L5, L6, and L7;

(b) Laden;


4.7.2 Test conditions and procedure:

(a) Initial brake temperature: ≤ 100 °C;

(b) Test surface gradient = 18 per cent;

(c) Brake actuation force:


Foot control: ≤ 500 N;

(f) For the first part of the test, park the vehicle on the test surface gradient facing

up the slope by applying the parking brake system under the conditions

specified in this paragraph. If the vehicle remains stationary, start the

measurement of the test period;

(g) On completion of the test with vehicle facing up the gradient, repeat the same

test procedure with the vehicle facing down the gradient.

4.7.3 Performance requirements:

When tested in accordance with the test procedure set out in paragraph 4.7.2., the parking

brake system shall hold the vehicle stationary for 5 minutes when the vehicle is both

facing up and facing down the gradient.

4.8 PARTIAL FAILURE TEST - FOR SPLIT SERVICE BRAKE SYSTEMS

4.8.1 General information:

(a) The test is only applicable to vehicles that are equipped with split service brake systems;

PS: 4708-2018(R)


(b) The test is to confirm the performance of the remaining subsystem in the event of a

hydraulic system leakage failure.

4.8.2 Vehicle condition:

(a) The test is applicable to vehicle categories L4, L5, L6, and L7;

(b) Lightly loaded;


4.8.3 Test conditions and procedure:


(b) Test speeds: 50 km/h and 100 km/h or 0.8 V max whichever is lower;

(c) Brake actuation force:


Foot control: ≤ 400 N;

(d) Number of stops: until the vehicle meets the performance requirements, with a maximum

of 6 stops for each test speed;

(e) Alter the service brake system to induce a complete loss of braking in any one subsystem.

Then, for each stop, accelerate the vehicle to the test speed and then actuate the brake

control under the conditions specified in this paragraph;

(f) Repeat the test for each subsystem.

4.8.4 Performance requirements:

(a) When the brakes are tested in accordance with the test procedure set out in

paragraph 4.8.3;

(b) The stopping distance (S) shall be ≤ 0.1 V + 0.0117 V2 (where V is the

specified test speed in km/h and S is the required stopping distance in metres)

or the MFDD shall be ≥ 3.3 m/s2.

5.0 PREPARATION OF THE VEHICLE

5.1 The vehicle manufacturer before offering the vehicle shall ensure that vehicle sample

must be run at least 1000Km.

5.2 The brake lever free and pedal free play shall be adjusted according to manufacturer’s

recommendations for optimum braking performance.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


5.3 The weight of testing personnel/driver seated on the vehicles while testing and the

instrumentation installed on the vehicle shall be considered part of vehicle mass. The

additional load shall be selected and mounted in normal operating condition in such a

way that actual mass during testing shall not exceed the specified laden or un-laden mass

by more than 25 kg.

Weight distribution among axles should be at the closest possible values recommended by

the manufacturer. However, if sum of maximum recommended axle weight exceeds the

gross vehicle weight, the actual weight on each axle shall be in proportionate to the same

ratio of the gross vehicle weight to the sum of maximum recommended axle weights.

Actual load condition shall be recorded in the report.

5.4 The tires should be in good condition and should run in along with the vehicle.

Declaration of the vehicle manufacturer shall be accepted as compliance to this sub--

clause

5.5 At the start of the test, tires shall be cold and shall be inflated to the pressure specified for

respective load condition of the vehicle.

6.0 INSTRUMENTATION

6.1.1 Installation of instruments should be as per recommendation of instrument manufacturer.

All instruments shall be mounted in such a way that they do not affect the performance or

stability of the vehicle and do not disturb the driver while normal driving of a vehicle and

carrying out the test.

6.1.2 Appropriate switches shall be fixed to control lever and Brake Pedal such that actuation

of controls is signaled to the instruments. Alternatively, brake light switch of the vehicle

may be used, if possible to do so.

6.1.3 Instruments must be calibrated according to instrument manufacturer’s instructions

before commencement of a test series.

6.1.3.1 A time device would be needed to control actuation of both lever/paddle simultaneously,

and record the time interval elapsed between actuation of two controls.

6.1.4 Instruments for Stopping Distance

6.1.5 Contactless electronic speed and distance measuring instruments or speed measuring

system using an additional wheel when used, should meet the following least count and

accuracy requirements.

Parameter Least count Accuracy

Speed 0.1km/h ± 1 percent at the prescribed

speed for the test Distance 0.1 m

Time 0.01 s

PS: 4708-2018(R)


6.1.6 Instruments for Deceleration

6.1.6.1 Decelero meters should be installed on test vehicle properly such that its position is not

likely to be disturbed during tests. This shall be fitted as close to centre of gravity of

vehicle as possible in longitudinal and lateral plane. Before commencement of each run,

leveling of instrument within the limits prescribed by the instrument manufacturer shall

be ensured.

The accuracy of the instrument for deceleration should be within ± 3 per cent

6.1.6.2 For calculating mean fully developed deceleration/mean deceleration, it is essential that

graph of deceleration is fairly uniform. It is not possible to lay down norms for steady

features of this graph as this is influenced by many testing factors, mainly response of the

rider. Hence, general engineering should be followed. The graph illustrated in Fig. 3 is

typically valid graph and the graph illustrated in Fig. 4 shall be considered invalid.

Methods of calculations of deceleration are also illustrated in Fig. 3.

6.1.7 Instrument for Control Force

6.1.7.1 Suitable load cells shall be used for measuring braking force and recommended least

count accuracy should be within the limit of 10N (1kg) and 20N (2kg) respectively.

6.1.8 Instrument for Speed Measurement

6.1.8.1 While measuring stopping distance by instruments specified in 6.1.5, speed is also

measured by these systems.

6.1.8 A proper fixture need to be designed to measure the force applied on the brake paddle.

One way is to install force sensor other way is using pressure sensor and distance

measuring device.

6.1.8.2 While measuring deceleration, a speedometer may be used. This may be the one fitted

on the vehicle. Appropriate temporary marking shall be made on the dial of

speedometer in such a way that the actual speed of the vehicle. Measuring tolerance

should be within a limit of +1 km/h of the specified initial speed. There shall be

suitable markings for all necessary test speeds.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


Fig.3 ILLUSTRATION OF A TYPICAL VALID DECELERATION VS TIME GRAPH

Fig.4 ILLUSTRATION OF A TYPICAL INVALID DECELERATION VS TIME GRAPH

PS: 4708-2018(R)


7.0 CORRECTIONS OF TEST RESULTS TO THE STANDARD TEST

CONDITIONS:

The test results of tests as per 4.2 to 4.6 shall be corrected to the specified conditions of

initial speed and load condition.

7.1 The stopping distance measured shall be corrected to the condition of specified initial

speed by the appropriate formula prescribed in 4.3.2.1 or 4.3.2.2

7.2 If the actual weight of the vehicle at the time of test is different from required values, the

stopping distance or the MFDD shall be corrected to the condition of specified mass by the

following formulae:

S = (Sc0.1Vs) x (Ms/Mm) +0.1Vs

d= dm x Mm/Ms

Where, S=Stopping distance corrected to the condition of specified initial speed and Specified mass (m), Ms =

Specified mass (kg), Mm= Actual mass at the test condition (kg), Dm= Measured MFDD (m/s²), d =

Measured MFDD corrected to the condition of specified mass(m/s2

)

8.0 VEHICLE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

8.1 General: Manufacturer’s name, Address, Name of model and variants, Category of vehicle

(As per 3.28), Max. Design speed, km/h.

8.2 Transmission: Type (Manual/Automatic/semi-automatic)

Overall transmission ratio1st,

2nd,

3rd

,4th

,5th

, Over drive.

8.3 Weight (kg): Weight in running order, Front axle, Rear axle, Total Gross vehicle weight,

Maximum permissible axle weight, Front axle, Rear axle.

8.4 Service Braking system: Type (drum / disc/leading/trailing), Front, Rear, Other, Make,

Front, Rear, Other.

8.5 Services Control System (operate by Hand/foot): Front, Rear, Combined Free

play of Control, Front, Rear, Combined, Brake Pedal ratio, Hand lever ratio.

8.6 Services Brake – Transmission Type Mechanical/Hydraulic

8.7 Services Brake Drum or Disc Effective dia mm: Front, Rear and other

Material (if the braking surface is non ferrous).

1- Nominal Size of master cylinder mm 2- Nominal Size of wheel cylinder mm: Front, Rear, and other

3- Parking Brake: Braking Wheel, Type, Control (operated by hand /foot), Locking device

4- Tyre: Tyre size and ply rating, Front wheel, Rear wheel and Other wheel, Inflation

pressure-Un-laden(kg/cm²), Front, Rear, Other wheel Inflation pressure-Laden kg/cm²,

Front, Rear and other wheel

PS: 4708-2018(R)


9.0 APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

9.1. The application for approval of a vehicle type regarding braking system shall be

submitted by the vehicle manufacturer or by his authorised representative.

9.2. Following documents in triplicate should be attached with the application:

9.2.1. A description of the vehicle type with regard to the items specified in paragraph 2.27.

The numbers and/or symbols identifying the vehicle type and the engine type shall be

specified;

9.2.2. A list of components, duly identified, constituting the braking device;

9.2.3. A diagram of the assembled braking system and an indication of the position of its

components on the vehicle;

9.2.4. Detailed drawings/sketch of each component that can be easily located and

identified.

9.3. A vehicle, representative of the vehicle type to be approved, shall be submitted to the

technical service responsible for conducting the approval tests.

10.0 APPROVAL

10.1. If the vehicle type submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation meets the

requirements of paragraphs 3. and 4. Then, approval of that vehicle type shall be

granted.

10.2. An approval number should be assigned to each type approved. Its first two digits

shall indicate the series of amendments (if applicable). The same Contracting Party

shall not assign the same number to the same vehicle type equipped with another

type of braking device, or to another vehicle type.

10.3. Notice of approval or refusal or extension or withdrawal of approval or production

definitely discontinued of a vehicle type pursuant to this Regulation shall be

communicated to the Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation by means

of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

10.4. There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on

the approval form, to every vehicle conforming to a vehicle type approved under this

Regulation an international approval mark consisting of:

PS: 4708-2018(R)


11.0 VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS:

11.1 The specifications for Three Wheeler Auto Vehicles shall be in compliance with the

tables to follow:

TABLE-1

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL CATEGORIES OF 3-WHEELER AUTO

VEHICLES

SR.

NO. DETAILS OF STANDARDS LIMITS (WITH

UNITS) CRITERIA

1. Exhaust gas emissions (CO) 4.5 % (NDIR)

max. As per prevalent NEQS. 2. Exhaust gas emissions (Smoke) 40% or 2 on

Ringlemann Chart 3. Vehicle noise emission (Scale A noise) 85 dbA (max.) 4. Vehicle’s horn sound emission (Scale

C) 105 dbC (max.)

5. Parking brake Mandatory

To keep a fully laden vehicle

stationary when parked at a slope

of 150

6. Available seat size per passenger 38cm x 38cm

(min.)

Seat width for driver seat of

motorcycle rickshaw may be 22

cm (min.) 7. Available seat backrest per passenger 40cm x 38cm

(min.) Optional for driver seat.

8. Seating height for each passenger 30 cm (min.)

May be reduced to 22 cm (min.) in

case bucket seats are used. 9. Leg room for each passenger

33 cm (min.) May be reduced to 30 cm (min.) in

case bucket seats are used and for

third row of seats. 10. Entrance level for passenger

(in case of un-laden vehicle) 30cm – 55cm

11. Drive mechanism 4 - Stroke

Reciprocating

Internal Combustion

Engine / Rotary

Internal Combustion

Engine / Electric

Motor

Shall have suitable power to

weight ratio.

12. Braking Systemss Mechanical for

Motorcycle

Rickshaw &

Hydraulic for all

others

Mandatory for rear wheels only.

13. Transmission Direct / Through There shall be a reverse gear.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


Shaft or Chain (Optional for Motorcycle

Rickshaw) 14. Head Lamp Low beam at

0mm16500

lux(min.) 75mm12500

lux(min.) and shall be

adjustable to give a

view of the road at

7.5 meter

To be verified by PSQCA (Measuring instruments not

mandatory for Unit)

15. Front Side Lamp Units Emitting white

light visible from a

distance of 7.5

meters in dark. Amber yellow turn

signals visible at

450 angle from a

distance of 15

meters in day light.


mandatory for Unit) White light emitting lamps shall

be optional for Motorcycle

rickshaws.

16. Rear Lamp Units Tail lamps emitting

red light visible

from a distance of

15 meters in dark

operational when

front beam is

switched on. Brake indicator

lamps emitting red

light visible at a

distance of 20

meters when

operated in day

light. Amber yellow turn

signals visible at a

distance of 15

meters in day light. Reverse gear

indicator lamp

emitting white light

visible at a distance

of 20 meters and

giving a reasonable

view to driver for

reversing the

vehicle.


mandatory for Unit) Reverse gear indicator lamps shall

be optional.

17. Reflectors To mark not less

than 10cm from the

extreme boundaries

The size of each reflector must be

400mm2 at each side.

PS: 4708-2018(R)


of vehicle 18. Battery (for all devices except power

storage in case of electrically driven

vehicles)

12 Volts 26 Ah

(min.) In case of Motorcycle rickshaw

2.5 Ah shall be allowed.

19. Roof height for each passenger 96 cm (min.) To be measured from highest point

of seat(s) vertically upwards. 20. Roof Water resistant Shall cover all area from wind

screen to extreme rear and sides. 21. Wind screen Glass / Transparent

plastic Clear enough that would not cause

distortion of vision. 22. Wipers Electric/Mannual Shall be provided to clear at least

30% of screen area 23. Electrical connections Safely insulated. Shall have proper colour coding. 24. Speedometer / Odometer With speed

indicator and

counter with units

Motor cycle

Rickshaw max

50km/hr Other

Rickshaw 40km/hr

Shall be tested and certified by

supplier.

25. Turn signal indicator, high beam

indicator, neutral / gear indicator Shall be provided

With proper lighting colour scheme

26. Spare wheel Shall be provided Jack and wheel spanner shall be

provided 27. Rear view mirrors Shall be provided at

both sides Shall provide a clear view of rear

in total 28. Body construction Shall be well fitted /

assembled. Shall provide protection from dusts

through floor and abnormal

vibration with suitable strengths. 29. Partitions Safety bars Shall be provided between each

seating row / compartment. 30. Attainable speed 40 km/hr (min.) Shall be measured using a laden

vehicle. [May be 25km/hr for

electric vehicles]. 31. CNG / LPG cylinders & kits OGRA approved As per valid S.R.O. 32. Exhaust muffler Extended beyond

rear seat back Not to extend beyond extreme rear

end of body and shall be nearly

horizontal.

11.2 The three-wheeler auto vehicles shall be categorized in accordance with following

criteria:

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE-2

SINGLE-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (LOADER / PICK-UP) 150 CC

MINIMUM

Sr. No. Details of Standards Limits (with units) Criteria 1. Over all vehicle length 350 cm (max.) To be measured using extreme

ends. 2. Over all vehicle width with folded

mirrors 115 cm – 150 cm To be measured using extreme

ends. 3. Wheel track 100 cm – 145 cm 4. Wheel base 165 cm – 250 cm 5. Turning circle diameter 700 cm (max.) To be measured for both sides. 6. Overhang 95 cm (max.) 7. Ground clearance 10 cm (min.) 8. Fuel efficiency (Min.) 15 km/ltr for

gasoline 20 km/kg for CNG 25 km/kg for LPG 3 km/kWh for

Electric vehicles

Verification shall be done on


obstructions and fully laden during

no ambient winds. [One fuel

system as selected by O.E.M. shall

be used to verify]

TABLE-3

THREE-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (PASSENGER ) 150 CC MINIMUM






Electric vehicles






be used to verify]

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE-4

FOUR-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (PASSENGER ) 175 CC MINIMUM






Electric vehicles






be used to verify]

TABLE-5

FIVE-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (PASSENGER ) 200 CC MINIMUM





gasoline 22 km/kg for CNG 28 km/kg for LPG 4.5 km/kWh for

Electric vehicles






be used to verify]

PS: 4708-2018(R)


TABLE-6

4+1-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (MOTORCYCLE DRIVEN) 100 CC

MINIMUM

Sr. No. Details of Standards Limits (with units) Criteria 1. Over all vehicle length 325cm (max.) To be measured using extreme



ends. 3. Wheel track 100 cm – 135 cm 4. Wheel base 140 cm – 200 cm 5. Turning circle diameter 600 cm (max.) To be measured for both sides. 6. Overhang 105 cm (max.) 7. Ground clearance 9.5 cm (min.) 8.

Fuel efficiency (Min.) 16 km/ltr for


Electric vehicles






be used to verify] 9 Seating Capacity 04-Passengers+

01-Driver Not more than 04-Passengers

Excluding Driver.

TABLE-7

SEVEN-SEAT THREE-WHEELER AUTO VEHICLE (PASSENGER) 200 CC MINIMUM











PS: 4708-2018(R)


Electric vehicles be used to verify]

12.0 Others (Distribution Standard of Vehicle):

12.1 Assemblers shall assure warranty of vehicle for at least three (03) months or 5000km

whichever comes earlier, in case of defects the assembler shall offer free service / spare

parts.

12.2 The assembler / manufacturer shall offer availability after sales service and parts /

maintenance through authorized service dealer workshop in the area of sales.

12.3 The assembler / manufacturer shall be responsible for informing the public on change of

model.

12.4 The assembler / manufacturer shall establish sales dealerships and service cum spare parts

facilitation through warranty centres in major cities of the country and publicize their

address in a way that the public should be aware of these facilities.

12.5 The assembler / manufacturer shall not sell any vehicle without sales tax invoice and is

bound to submit quarterly production reports; in accordance of applicable S.R.O. of

Ministry of Science and Technology; to PSQCA.

12.6 Check list of documentation to be shown at the time of inspection as evidence of QA/QC

for Assembly units defined by PSQCA is annexed (Annex-A).

12.7 QA/QC Check List: (See Annexure – A).

PS: 4708-2018(R)


ANNEXURE – A

# DESCRIPTION OR RECORD (REF.) AVAILABILITY OF

RECORD REMARKS

1 QA/QC records of critical parts Yes No

A Frame

B Wheel hub(s)

C Axel(s)

D Rim(s)

E Fuel tank

F Handle

G Speedometer unit

H Head light unit

I Tail light unit

J Winker(s)

K Painted parts

L Ni, Cr Plated parts

M Seats and other body parts

N Exhaust muffler

O Break system units

P Gear units

Q Engine components (QA/QC Certificate in case of import

R Engine testing (RMP, Noise etc.)

2 Main Assembly QA/QC records

A Torques

B Fitment

C Harness

D Aeshetics

3 PDIQA / QC record

A Critical torques

B Electric systems

C Fitments

D Exhaust gas emissions

E Noise emissions

F Horn sound emission

G Test bench / Road test setup

4 Critical Testing Facilities

A Exhaust gas emission analyser

B Sound level meter

C Engine test stand

D Vehicle test bench

E Torque wrench(es)

F Vernier calipers / measuring tapes / measuring scales

G Depth gauges / thread gauges / micro meter

H Measuring cylinders / beaker

I Coating thickness meter / Cross hatch test set-up

PS: 4708-2018(R)


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