Packet # 4 Where does energy come from and where does it ...district.auburn.cnyric.org/.../FOV3-00103F3D/lp4energy.pdf · Packet # 4 Where does energy come from and where ... nuclear,

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Concepts and Challenges in Physical Science, Teacher’s Resources CD-ROM Energy and Work: CHAPTER 14 (c) by Pearson Education, Inc./Globe Fearon/Pearson Learning Group. All rights reserved. Lesson Notes, page 1

Packet # 4 Where does energy come from and where does it go?

4-1 What is Energy? YOU WILL LEARN:

o To recognize and describe kinetic and potential energy events.

Key Terms energy: the ability to make something happen potential energy: stored energy kinetic energy: energy of motion

Lesson Summary • Energy is the ability to do work. • Both energy and work are expressed in units of joules (J). • Potential energy is stored energy. • One type of potential energy is gravitational potential energy. • The amount of gravitational potential energy stored in a sample of matter depends on its mass and

height. • Kinetic energy is energy of motion. • Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy + potential energy. How does a YO-YO use potential and kinetic energy?

4-2 What are different forms of energy? YOU WILL LEARN:

o To identify and describe different forms of energy. Lesson Summary • There are seven types of energy: heat (thermal), light (electromagnetic), electrical, mechanical,

sound, nuclear, and chemical. • The energy in moving things is mechanical energy (the sum of kinetic and potential energy). • Electrical energy is in the form of moving electrons. • Electromagnetic energy is a form of energy that can travel through a vacuum. • Heat energy is the energy of the moving particles that make up matter. • Chemical energy is the energy that holds particles of matter together. • Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the nucleus of the atom. • Sound energy is caused by an object’s vibrations traveling through matter. What are some types of energy you can observe around you now?

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4-3 How does energy change form? YOU WILL LEARN:

o To describe examples of energy transformations from everyday life activities.

Key Terms Energy transformation: a change of energy from one form to another.

Lesson Summary • Energy can change from one form to another. • Potential energy and kinetic energy often change form. • Energy transformations help to make energy useful by changing energy into the form you need. What energy transformations occur when you use a cell phone?

4-4 What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? YOU WILL LEARN:

o To recognize and describe situations that support the Law of Conservation of Energy.

Key Terms law of conservation of energy: energy cannot be made or destroyed, but only changed in form

Lesson Summary • Because of friction, when energy changes form some of the energy always changes to heat. • When waste heat energy escapes into the environment, it causes thermal pollution. • The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only

changed in form. • Einstein concluded that matter can be changed into energy, and energy can be changed into matter. Ask Mrs. Hudson what Einstein’s famous equation E = mc2 means.

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4-5 What are energy resources? YOU WILL LEARN:

o To describe energy sources and transformation of these sources in daily life.

Key Terms Energy resource: natural resource that can be converted into other forms of energy Nonrenewable resources: energy sources that cannot be replaced Renewable resources: energy sources that can be used and replaced

Lesson Summary • Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources formed from the remains of ancient organisms. Coal,

petroleum, and natural gas are fossil fuels. • Solar energy, wind energy, energy from water, and geothermal energy are renewable resources that

can be replaced in nature. • The sun is the source of most energy on Earth. When we burn fossil fuels, what was the source of the energy before these became “fossil fuels”?

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4-6 What is Heat? YOU WILL LEARN:

o To explain how heat is a form of energy. Key Terms heat: energy of particles moving from warmer regions to cooler regions convection: transfer of heat through a liquid or a gas conduction: transfer of heat through direct contact between solid objects radiation: transfer of heat by waves, like heat or light. Can even happen in outer space conductors: substances that transfer heat or electricity insulators: substances that do not easily transfer heat or electricity

Lesson Summary • Heat is the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of matter. • Heat energy moves from a warmer object to a cooler object until both objects have the same heat

energy.

4-7 What is temperature? YOU WILL LEARN:

o To explain the difference between heat and temperature. Key Terms temperature: measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter

Lesson Summary • The measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of matter is called

temperature. • Heat and temperature are related, but not the same. • When you add heat energy to a substance, you change its temperature. • Two samples of the same substance may have the same temperature but not the same amount of

heat.

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4-1 What is Energy?

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Kinetic and Potential Energy Practice

Color code the following energy events in each of the 4 diagrams below o Maximum Potential Energy o Maximum Kinetic Energy o Kinetic energy being converted to Potential energy o Potential energy being converted to Kinetic energy

Packet # 4 Where does energy come from and where does it ...district.auburn.cnyric.org/.../FOV3-00103F3D/lp4energy.pdf · Packet # 4 Where does energy come from and where ... nuclear,

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