P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin, TWEPP September 2012 CMS Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade - 1 CMS Level-1 Upgrade Calorimeter CMS Level-1 Upgrade Calorimeter Trigger Prototype Development Trigger Prototype Development P. Klabbers 1 , M, Bachtis 1 , J. Brooke 2 , M. Cepeda Hermida 1 , K. Compton 3 , S. Dasu 1 , A. Farmahni-Farahani 3 , S. Fayer 4 , R. Fobes 1 , R. Frazier 2 , C, Ghabrous, T. Gorski 1 , A. Gregerson 3 , G. Hall 4 , C. Hunt 4 , G. Iles 4 , J. Jones 6 , C. Lucas 2 , R. Lucas 4 , M. Magrans 5 , D. Newbold 2,7 , I. Ojalvo 1 , A. Perugupalli 1 , M. Pioppi 4 , • Rose 4 , I. Ross 1 , D. Sankey 7 , M, Schulte 3 , D. Seemuth 3 , W.H. Smith 1 , J. Tikalsky 1 , A. Tapper 4 , T. Williams 2 1 Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA 2 University of Bristol, Bristol, UK 3 Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA 4 Imperial College, London, UK 5 CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 6 Iceberg Technology, UK 7 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK TWEPP 2012 - September 18, 2012 The pdf file of this talk is available at: https://indico.cern.ch/contributionDisplay.py?contribId=86&sessionId=51&confId=170595
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P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin, TWEPP September 2012 CMS Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade - 1
P. Klabbers1, M, Bachtis1, J. Brooke2, M. Cepeda Hermida1, K. Compton3,
S. Dasu1, A. Farmahni-Farahani3, S. Fayer4, R. Fobes1, R. Frazier2, C, Ghabrous, T. Gorski1, A. Gregerson3, G. Hall4, C. Hunt4, G. Iles4, J. Jones6, C. Lucas2,
R. Lucas4, M. Magrans5, D. Newbold2,7, I. Ojalvo1, A. Perugupalli1, M. Pioppi4,
•Rose4, I. Ross1, D. Sankey7, M, Schulte3, D. Seemuth3, W.H. Smith1,
J. Tikalsky1, A. Tapper4, T. Williams2
1Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA2University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
3Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA4Imperial College, London, UK
5CERN, Geneva, Switzerland6Iceberg Technology, UK
7Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK
TWEPP 2012 - September 18, 2012The pdf file of this talk is available at:
e/ Rank = Hit+Max Adjacent Tower• Hit: H/E < Small Fraction• Hit: 2 of 5-crystal strips >90% ET in 5x5 Tower (Fine Grain)
Isolated e/ (3x3 Tower)• Quiet neighbors: all 8 towerspass Fine Grain & H/E
• One of 4 corners 5 EM ET < Thr.
Jet or ET• 12x12 trig. tower ET sliding in 4x4 steps w/central 4x4 ET > others & > threshold
: isolated narrow energy deposits• Energy spread outside veto pattern sets veto
• Jetif all 9 4x4 region vetoes off
P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin, TWEPP September 2012 CMS Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade - 5
Collisions at the LHCCollisions at the LHCCollisions at the LHCCollisions at the LHCLHC currently delivering starting luminosities up to
7.5×1033/cm2s with 50ns bunch spacing at CMS and ATLAS• Level-1 Trigger rates of 90 kHz
• Avg. number of interactions per crossing (pileup) ~30-35 to start
LHC luminosity could increase up to 2×1034/cm2s by the end of 2017 (start of LHC long shutdown 2)• 25 ns bunch spacing is the plan
• 50 ns may be easier and more reliable for the LHC
• Estimated average pileup from ~50 to >100 events per collision
At CMS – Trigger and Detector Upgrades are essential to ensuring continued physics performance• Keep thresholds as low as possible
• Reduce the effects of pileup
• Trigger can improve algorithms and resolution
P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin, TWEPP September 2012 CMS Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade - 6
Planned Improvements to Planned Improvements to Calorimeter AlgorithmsCalorimeter Algorithms
Planned Improvements to Planned Improvements to Calorimeter AlgorithmsCalorimeter Algorithms
• Electron/photon • Use Hadronic Calorimeter depth segmentation• ½ tower resolution• Flexible isolation criteria, separate HCAL and ECAL
• Jet • Improve resolution from 4 tower to 1 tower• Use full Forward Calorimeter Granularity• Flexible jet diameter 8-12 towers, circular or square• Different algorithm options at the same time
• Tau • Use smaller clusters, not 12x12 tower jets
• More candidates of each type• Currently limited to 8 e/ of 2 types, 12 jets of 3 types
(Central, Tau, Forward)• Pileup Subtraction
• Move High-Level trigger PU corrections to Level-1• MET, HT, MHT Calculation
• Calculate ET Sums, Missing ET from clustersThese all will improve resolution, rates, and efficiencies!
P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin, TWEPP September 2012 CMS Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade - 7
18th Sept 2012TWEPP 2012 -- IPbus / μHAL, P Klabbers, U. Wisconsin 25
Slides from Robert Frazier, Bristol University
• IPbus is based on well-established networking technology
• Thus very flexible, with usage easily ranging from:
IPbus / μHAL use-cases
18th Sept 2012TWEPP 2012 -- IPbus / μHAL , P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin 26
A single board on a bench...
...to something much bigger:
IPbus Firmware footprint is small Real-world resource usage in a low-end Xilinx Spartan 6 (XC6LX16-CS324) FPGA
Resource Usage
Registers 7%
Lookup Tables 18%
Block RAMs 10%
Slides from Robert Frazier, Bristol University
IPbus / μHAL Performance
18th Sept 2012TWEPP 2012 -- IPbus / μHAL, P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin 27
2 UDP packets required
3 UDP packets required
• Performance is dominated by latency.
• Current firmware only supports single UDP packet in flight per target device.
• To minimise network transports, requests are queued and only despatched when necessary.
• The next release of IPbus aims to improve performance figures further by:
1. Reducing firmware latency.
2. Support for multiple packets in flight.
• This should be available in early 2013.
P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin, TWEPP September 2012 CMS Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade - 28
SummarySummarySummarySummary
Two FPGA-based high speed calorimeter trigger processing boards, and a new TCA backplane built this year• CTP-6 and VT894
• Inter-crate sharing card, Crosspoint I/O being built• MP7
Intense testing underway for both cards, backplane• IPbus/HAL tool available and in use
These will make possible a CMS Level-1 calorimeter trigger upgrade for the LHC luminosity increases• More sophisticated algorithms, resolution possible• Can keep thresholds as low as possible to preserve physics
Modularity will allow staging of new system to have slice ready by the end of LHC long shutdown 1 (end of 2014) and deploy the system in parallel• Keep up with changing LHC conditions
P. Klabbers, U. Wisconsin, TWEPP September 2012 CMS Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade - 29