Oxford Exam Trainer - oup.hu · PDF fileRézműves Zoltán Brigit Viney Gareth Davies Szakmai lektor: Elekes Katalin, Jilly Viktor Felkészülés a...

Rézműves Zoltán Brigit Viney Gareth DaviesSzakmai lektor: Elekes Katalin, Jilly Viktor

Felkészülés a középszintű angol érettségire

Oxford Exam Trainer

B1

4

4212694 Oxford Exam Trainer BLAD HU.indd 1 13/10/2017 15:26

W O R K5

About the Érettségi exam p 4

Vocabulary Reading Listening Use of English Writing Speaking

1 Family and relationshipsp. 6

FamilyStages of lifeFamily celebrationsRelationshipsSpending time together

Social networksMatching statement halvesExpressions with mind

Thanksgiving with grandparentsTrue / false / the text does not sayFamily historiesMultiple matching

Social trends for young peopleOpen clozeA visiting relativeMultiple-choice cloze Language review: future tenses; prepositions

Spending the holidays with a friendInformal emailIntroducing your news; informing about your

plans; finishing a letter

Family and relationshipsConversationA friend’s birthdayRole-play Family relationsLong turn

2 People and societyp. 16

AppearancePersonalityFeelings and emotionsSociety and politicsSocial work

Colours and your personalityMultiple matching Adjectives with -ing or -ed

Folk traditionsEvaluating statementsA Hungarian in BritainShort answers (sentence completion)

Fashion bloggersBanked clozeCustoms and fashionsWord formationLanguage review: articles; question tags;

linking words

School-leaving dilemmaInternet forum commentIntroducing your opinion; giving advice

Groups in societyConversationRaising money for charityRole-playNational identityLong turn

3 Homep. 26

Furniture and equipmentDescribing a homeHouseworkYour neighbourhoodRenting a home

Living on the top floorGapped sentencesPhrasal verbs with look

Home-makersMultiple matchingLiving on a houseboatShort answers (sentence completion: exact

word)

A famous Budapest statue Word formationGender roles in the homeMultiple-choice clozeLanguage review: perfect tenses; indefinite pronouns

Renting a flatInformal email

Flats and housesLong turnHomesConversationFlatmatesRole-playDetached housesLong turn

4 Schoolp. 36

School lifeLanguage learningEducation systemCollocations with do, make and take

Home-schoolingMultiple choice Often confused wordsTechnology in learningTrue / false / the text does not say

The future of educationCorrecting factual informationBoarding schoolsTrue / false / the text does not say

Student exchangeMultiple-choice clozeSleeping in classBanked clozeLanguage review: talking about the past

Exams and homeworkInternet forum commentExpressing opinions

School and learningConversationA language course in BritainRole-playPlaces in a schoolLong turn

5 Workp. 46

JobsProfessionsEmploymentUnemployment

A career changeMultiple matchingWords in context Phrasal verbs with give

Work issuesShort answers (sentence completion)Teenage jobseekersMultiple choice

InternshipsWord formationTaxi drivers in LondonOpen clozeLanguage view: verb tenses; expressing quantity

Working in a summer campFormal email: a job application

WorkConversationSummer jobs for studentsRole-playTypes of jobsLong turn

6 Moneyp. 56

Teenagers and moneySaving and bankingShopping and paymentAdvertisingMaking a complaint

AdvertisingGapped textExpressions with get; negative prefixes

Dangers of online financeCorrecting factual informationLiving on a budget in the UKEvaluating statements

A history of taxesMultiple-choice cloze Online shoppingBanked clozeLanguage review: the passive; have something done

Faulty goodsFormal letter: complaintStating the reason for writing; describing a

problem; requesting action; closing a formal letter

Money and happinessConversationHoliday souvenirsRole-playShopping in a shop and onlineLong turn

7 Healthy livingp. 66

Daily routineNutritionExercisingIllnesses and injuriesDisability

Heart transplantsShort answers (summary completion)Phrasal verbs with take

Healthy eating through the mediaShort answers (sentence completion: exact

word)Health fadsTrue / false / the text does not say

Flu adviceMultiple choice clozeDiet and exerciseOpen clozeLanguage review: so and such; reported speech,

reflexive pronouns

Keeping fitInformal email

Health and illnessConversationIn a health shopRole-playHealthy holidaysLong turn

8 Travel and tourismp. 76

TravellingHolidaysAccommodation Means of transport Travel

A cycling record attemptTrue / false / the text does not sayExpressions with prepositionsThree-part phrasal verbs

Christmas journey Short answers (sentence completion)Holidays gone wrongMultiple choice

Budapest sightseeingBanked clozeStaying at Lake BalatonWord formation Language review; conditionals; either, neither; every,

each, all, both; other, another

A holiday abroadBlog postUsing adjectives to create interest

Travel and educationConversationA weekend trip to ScotlandRole-playKeeping in touch from a tripLong turn

9 Culture and free timep. 86

Hobbies and interestsArt and literatureEntertainmentMass mediaCultural events, festivals

TV cooking showsGapped textWords in context Word formation (suffixes)Prepositional verbs

Underwater photographyEvaluating statementsStreet artShort answers (sentence completion: exact

word)

Benefits of leisure timeMultiple-choice cloze (expand text and add items)The mediaWord formationLanguage review: modal verbs; indirect questions

Entering a talent contestFormal letter: inquiryOrdering information

Free timeConversationGoing out Role-playHobbies Long turn

10 Sportp. 96

Sports and competitionsVenues and equipmentExtreme sportsKeeping fit

Sport as entertainmentMatching statement halvesPhrasal verbs with set

A teenage athleteCorrecting factual informationSporting experiencesMultiple matching

Fitness fadsOpen clozeSpectator sportsBanked clozeLanguage review: comparatives and superlatives

Fitness and exercise at schoolOnline forum comment

Doing and watching sportsConversationA sports eventRole-playKeeping fit Long turn

11 Science and technologyp. 106

Everyday technology ICTScienceInventions and discoveries Space exploration

JFK Space CenterMultiple choice Words in contextExpressions with take and go

Useless inventions True / false / the text does not sayScience educationMultiple choice

DinosaursMultiple-choice clozeUsing technologyWord formationLanguage review: relative clauses

A technology courseFormal letter: inquiryUsing indirect questions

Inventions and discoveriesConversationProblems with technologyRole-playEveryday science Long turn

12 Nature and environmentp. 126

Geographical featuresWeather and climate Natural disasters Animals and plantsEnvironmental issues

The weatherShort answers (sentence completion)

Natural eventsMultiple matchingEnvironmental concernsEvaluating statements

Green living Open clozePreventing disastersBanked clozeLanguage review: modals for speculation;

there and it as the subject

A beach cleanup campaignBlog post

PetsConversationZoos and national parksRole-playProtecting endangered speciesLong turn

Grammar Reference pp 126 – 162 Speaking Bank pp 163 – 168 Writing Bank pp 169 – 178 Wordlist pp 179 – 199 Érettségi mock exam pp 200 - 223


About the Érettségi exam p 4

Vocabulary Reading Listening Use of English Writing Speaking

1 Family and relationshipsp. 6

FamilyStages of lifeFamily celebrationsRelationshipsSpending time together

Social networksMatching statement halvesExpressions with mind

Thanksgiving with grandparentsTrue / false / the text does not sayFamily historiesMultiple matching

Social trends for young peopleOpen clozeA visiting relativeMultiple-choice cloze Language review: future tenses; prepositions

Spending the holidays with a friendInformal emailIntroducing your news; informing about your

plans; finishing a letter

Family and relationshipsConversationA friend’s birthdayRole-play Family relationsLong turn

2 People and societyp. 16

AppearancePersonalityFeelings and emotionsSociety and politicsSocial work

Colours and your personalityMultiple matching Adjectives with -ing or -ed

Folk traditionsEvaluating statementsA Hungarian in BritainShort answers (sentence completion)

Fashion bloggersBanked clozeCustoms and fashionsWord formationLanguage review: articles; question tags;

linking words

School-leaving dilemmaInternet forum commentIntroducing your opinion; giving advice

Groups in societyConversationRaising money for charityRole-playNational identityLong turn

3 Homep. 26

Furniture and equipmentDescribing a homeHouseworkYour neighbourhoodRenting a home

Living on the top floorGapped sentencesPhrasal verbs with look

Home-makersMultiple matchingLiving on a houseboatShort answers (sentence completion: exact

word)

A famous Budapest statue Word formationGender roles in the homeMultiple-choice clozeLanguage review: perfect tenses; indefinite pronouns

Renting a flatInformal email

Flats and housesLong turnHomesConversationFlatmatesRole-playDetached housesLong turn

4 Schoolp. 36

School lifeLanguage learningEducation systemCollocations with do, make and take

Home-schoolingMultiple choice Often confused wordsTechnology in learningTrue / false / the text does not say

The future of educationCorrecting factual informationBoarding schoolsTrue / false / the text does not say

Student exchangeMultiple-choice clozeSleeping in classBanked clozeLanguage review: talking about the past

Exams and homeworkInternet forum commentExpressing opinions

School and learningConversationA language course in BritainRole-playPlaces in a schoolLong turn

5 Workp. 46

JobsProfessionsEmploymentUnemployment

A career changeMultiple matchingWords in context Phrasal verbs with give

Work issuesShort answers (sentence completion)Teenage jobseekersMultiple choice

InternshipsWord formationTaxi drivers in LondonOpen clozeLanguage view: verb tenses; expressing quantity

Working in a summer campFormal email: a job application

WorkConversationSummer jobs for studentsRole-playTypes of jobsLong turn

6 Moneyp. 56

Teenagers and moneySaving and bankingShopping and paymentAdvertisingMaking a complaint

AdvertisingGapped textExpressions with get; negative prefixes

Dangers of online financeCorrecting factual informationLiving on a budget in the UKEvaluating statements

A history of taxesMultiple-choice cloze Online shoppingBanked clozeLanguage review: the passive; have something done

Faulty goodsFormal letter: complaintStating the reason for writing; describing a

problem; requesting action; closing a formal letter

Money and happinessConversationHoliday souvenirsRole-playShopping in a shop and onlineLong turn

7 Healthy livingp. 66

Daily routineNutritionExercisingIllnesses and injuriesDisability

Heart transplantsShort answers (summary completion)Phrasal verbs with take

Healthy eating through the mediaShort answers (sentence completion: exact

word)Health fadsTrue / false / the text does not say

Flu adviceMultiple choice clozeDiet and exerciseOpen clozeLanguage review: so and such; reported speech,

reflexive pronouns

Keeping fitInformal email

Health and illnessConversationIn a health shopRole-playHealthy holidaysLong turn

8 Travel and tourismp. 76

TravellingHolidaysAccommodation Means of transport Travel

A cycling record attemptTrue / false / the text does not sayExpressions with prepositionsThree-part phrasal verbs

Christmas journey Short answers (sentence completion)Holidays gone wrongMultiple choice

Budapest sightseeingBanked clozeStaying at Lake BalatonWord formation Language review; conditionals; either, neither; every,

each, all, both; other, another

A holiday abroadBlog postUsing adjectives to create interest

Travel and educationConversationA weekend trip to ScotlandRole-playKeeping in touch from a tripLong turn

9 Culture and free timep. 86

Hobbies and interestsArt and literatureEntertainmentMass mediaCultural events, festivals

TV cooking showsGapped textWords in context Word formation (suffixes)Prepositional verbs

Underwater photographyEvaluating statementsStreet artShort answers (sentence completion: exact

word)

Benefits of leisure timeMultiple-choice cloze (expand text and add items)The mediaWord formationLanguage review: modal verbs; indirect questions

Entering a talent contestFormal letter: inquiryOrdering information

Free timeConversationGoing out Role-playHobbies Long turn

10 Sportp. 96

Sports and competitionsVenues and equipmentExtreme sportsKeeping fit

Sport as entertainmentMatching statement halvesPhrasal verbs with set

A teenage athleteCorrecting factual informationSporting experiencesMultiple matching

Fitness fadsOpen clozeSpectator sportsBanked clozeLanguage review: comparatives and superlatives

Fitness and exercise at schoolOnline forum comment

Doing and watching sportsConversationA sports eventRole-playKeeping fit Long turn

11 Science and technologyp. 106

Everyday technology ICTScienceInventions and discoveries Space exploration

JFK Space CenterMultiple choice Words in contextExpressions with take and go

Useless inventions True / false / the text does not sayScience educationMultiple choice

DinosaursMultiple-choice clozeUsing technologyWord formationLanguage review: relative clauses

A technology courseFormal letter: inquiryUsing indirect questions

Inventions and discoveriesConversationProblems with technologyRole-playEveryday science Long turn

12 Nature and environmentp. 126

Geographical featuresWeather and climate Natural disasters Animals and plantsEnvironmental issues

The weatherShort answers (sentence completion)

Natural eventsMultiple matchingEnvironmental concernsEvaluating statements

Green living Open clozePreventing disastersBanked clozeLanguage review: modals for speculation;

there and it as the subject

A beach cleanup campaignBlog post

PetsConversationZoos and national parksRole-playProtecting endangered speciesLong turn

Grammar Reference pp 126 – 162 Speaking Bank pp 163 – 168 Writing Bank pp 169 – 178 Wordlist pp 179 – 199 Érettségi mock exam pp 200 - 223


Az Oxford Exam Trainer és az érettségi vizsga

A 2017. tavaszi vizsgaidőszakra átdolgozott érettségi követelmények szerint megváltozott az idegen nyelvi vizsga nyelvi szintje, a vizsga felépítésének egy része, és a témakörök is kibővültek a tizedik, Gazdaság témakörrel.

Az Oxford Exam Trainer, amely a középszintű angol nyelvi vizsgára készít fel, a Közös Európai Referenciakeret szerint B1 szintnek felel meg, és ezeknek a megváltozott körülményeknek kíván eleget tenni.

A B1 szint

A tanuló B1 szinten megérti a fontosabb információkat olyan egyszerű, hétköznapi szövegekben, amelyek gyakori élethelyzetekhez (pl. iskola, szabadidő, munka) kapcsolódnak. Képes külföldiekkel kommunikálni mindennapi helyzetekben. Egyszerű, összefüggő szöveget tud alkotni olyan témákban, amelyeket ismer, vagy amelyek érdeklődési körébe tartoznak. Be tud számolni eseményekről, élményeiről, érzelmeiről és törekvéseiről. Rövid magyarázatot tud fűzni eseményekhez, jelenségekhez, indokolni tud különböző álláspontokat és terveket. (az Oktatási Hivatal meghatározása alapján)

Témakörök

A könyv 12 fejezete az idegen nyelvi érettségi vizsgák mind a tíz témakörét járja körül: • személyes vonatkozások, család (1. fejezet)• ember és társadalom (2. fejezet)• környezetünk (3. és 12. fejezetek)• az iskola (4. fejezet)• a munka világa (5. fejezet)• életmód (7. fejezet)• szabadidő, művelődés, szórakozás (9. és 10. fejezetek)• utazás, turizmus (8. fejezet)• tudomány és technika (11. fejezet)• gazdaság (6. fejezet).A fejezetek egyes részei a témakörök más és más elemeit tárják fel.

Az Oxford Exam Trainer minden fejezete a témakör szókincsének átismétlésével és begyakorlásával kezdődik. A kötet legvégén fejezetenként (azaz a fentiek szerint érettségi témakörönként) csoportosított, kétnyelvű szószedet (Wordlist) található.

A vizsga szerkezeteA középszintű (B1) idegen nyelvi érettségi vizsga írásbeli és szóbeli részből áll. A sikeres érettségi vizsga feltétele, hogy a vizsgázó mind az írásbeli, mind a szóbeli részben az elérhető pontszám legalább 12%-át megszerezze.

ÍRÁSBELI VIZSGA

Az írásbeli érettségi vizsga 4 feladatlapból áll.

Olvasott szöveg értése

A vizsga első része azt méri, a vizsgázó képes-e a szövegek gondolatmenetének lényegét megérteni, véleményeket, érvelést nagy vonalakban követni és egyes részinformációkat kiszűrni. A feladatlap általában 4 autentikus vagy kismértékben szerkesztett szöveget és 4 egymástól különböző feladatot tartalmaz. A szövegek együttes terjedelme 1000–1200 szó, és a feladatok összesen 25–30 kérdésből állnak. A feladattípusok a megadott lehetőségeken belül évről évre változhatnak. Ezek között jellemzően az alábbi feladatok fordulnak elő:• összegző mondatok egymáshoz rendelése• párosítás, egymáshoz rendelés• szövegből kiemelt hosszabb kifejezések, mondatrészek,

esetleg teljes mondatok szövegbe illesztése• feleletválasztás• igaz / hamis / nincs a szövegben állítások• kérdésekre adott rövid válaszok• hiányos mondatok kiegészítése.Az olvasott szöveg értése feladatlap megoldására a vizsgán 60 perc áll rendelkezésre, és a helyes megoldásra összesen 33 pont szerezhető.

Az Oxford Exam Trainer minden fejezetében legalább egy olvasott szövegértési feladat szerepel, és a kötetben valamennyi jellemző feladattípus megjelenik.

Nyelvhelyesség

A vizsga második része azt méri, a vizsgázó képes-e gyakran használt nyelvtani szerkezetek és lexikai egységek felismerésére, kiegészítésére és létrehozására szövegszinten, azaz rendelkezik-e azokkal a nyelvi ismeretekkel, amelyek képessé teszik az önálló kommunikációra.A feladatlap általában 3 rövid, autentikus vagy szerkesztett szöveget és 3 egymástól különböző feladatot tartalmaz. A szövegek együttes terjedelme 500–600 szó, és a feladatok összesen 20–25 kérdésből állnak. Négy feladattípus fordul elő általában a középszintű nyelvhelyesség feladatlapon:• szövegkiegészítés feleletválasztással• önálló szövegkiegészítés• szövegkiegészítés megadott szókészletből vagy

kifejezéskészletből• szövegkiegészítés szóképzéssel.A nyelvhelyesség feladatlap megoldására 30 perc fordítható, és a helyes megoldásra összesen 18 pont szerezhető.

Az Oxford Exam Trainer valamennyi fejezetének törzsanyagában két nyelvhelyességet mérő vizsgafeladat szerepel, valamint egy harmadik feladattípus a fejezet végén szereplő összegzésben is megjelenik. A nyelvhelyességet gyakoroltató feladatokhoz kapcsolódó szóanyag a fejezetek elején, valamint az egyes szövegértési részekben; a nyelvtani anyag pedig a nyelvhelyesség rész elején egy rövid ismétlés erejéig, valamint a kötet végén szereplő, részletes ismertetést és gyakorlatokat is tartalmazó nyelvtan mellékletben (Grammar Reference) található.

Bevezető

4 Bevezető

Bevezető


Hallott szöveg értése

A vizsga harmadik része azt méri, a vizsgázó képes-e szövegek lényegét megérteni, gondolatmenetét nagy vonalakban követni és egyes tényszerű információkat a szövegből kiszűrni és megérteni. A feladatlap általában 3 rögzített hangzó szövegből (amelyben egy, kettő vagy több beszélő is szerepelhet), és 3 egymástól különböző feladatból áll. A szövegek együttes terjedelme 6–9 perc, és a feladatok összesen 20–25 kérdésből állnak. A feladattípusok a megadott lehetőségeken belül évről évre változhatnak. Jellemzően az alábbi feladatok fordulnak elő a vizsgákon:• igaz / hamis / nincs a szövegben állítások• párosítás, egymáshoz rendelés• kérdésekre adott rövid válaszok• hiányos mondatok kiegészítése• ténybeli hibák azonosítása és kijavítása• feleletválasztás.A vizsgán a vizsgázó minden szöveget kétszer hallgathat meg, a második meghallgatásnál megszakításokkal. A hallott szöveg értése feladatlap megoldására 30 perc áll rendelkezésre, és azon összesen 33 pontot lehet elérni.

Az Oxford Exam Trainer minden fejezetében két különböző hallott szövegértési feladat szerepel, és a kötetben valamennyi jellemző feladattípus megjelenik.

Íráskészség

Az írásbeli vizsga utolsó része azt méri, a vizsgázó képes-e magát idegen nyelven írásban kifejezni, és a feladatokban megadott kommunikációs célokat megvalósítani, képes-e ismert, köznapi témáról részletesen írni és azokról véleményét kifejteni, valamint hogy képes-e a szöveget megfelelő módon, a szövegtípus sajátosságainak megfelelően felépíteni, tagolni és megfogalmazni.Az íráskészség feladatlap mindig két feladatból áll:• interakciós / tranzakciós (80–100 szó terjedelmű) rövidebb

szöveg létrehozása, megadott segédanyagra reagálva, három irányító szempont alapján, és

• leíró / véleménykifejtő (100–120 szó terjedelmű) hosszabb szöveg létrehozása, segédanyagok és négy irányító szempont alapján.

A feladathoz biztosított segédanyagok között előfordulhat egy adott szituáció részletes leírása, rövidebb-hosszabb szöveg (pl. felhívás vagy hirdetés, üzenet, levél vagy email, blogbejegyzés vagy internetes hozzászólás), vagy ábra, kép, grafikon vagy táblázat is. A vizsgán a két szöveg megírására 60 perc fordítható, és a feladatlapon maximum 33 pont érhető el. Az íráskészség vizsgán egy- vagy kétnyelvű nyomtatott szótár használható!

Az Oxford Exam Trainer minden fejezetében egy íráskészség feladat található, és a kötetben valamennyi jellemzően előforduló feladattípus szerepel. A kötet végén az egyes szövegtípusok jellemzőit ismertető mintaszöveg-gyűjtemény (Writing Bank) található, a feladat megoldását segítő tanácsokkal és hasznos kifejezésekkel.

Az írásbeli vizsga négy részét tehát 180 perc alatt kell megoldani, és a maximálisan elérhető pontszám 117 pont.

SZÓBELI VIZSGA

A szóbeli érettségi vizsga tételeit az egyes iskolák tanárai dolgozzák ki központi útmutató alapján. Az egyes tételek vizsgázói feladatlapjain csak maga a második és harmadik feladat szerepel. (A vizsgáztatói feladatlapra ezen felül a vizsgázó számára nem látható további információk, kérdések is kerülnek.)A feladatok kidolgozásához felkészülési idő nincs, de a második és harmadik feladat előtt körülbelül fél percnyi rövid gondolkodási idő jár.A szóbeli vizsga azt méri, a vizsgázó képes-e gondolatait idegen nyelven szóban kifejezni, hogy milyen mértékben képes mind önálló témakifejtésre, mind beszélgetésben való aktív részvételre.A vizsgafeladatokat megelőzően a vizsgáztató rövid, legfeljebb egy perces terjedelmű bemelegítő beszélgetést kezdeményez a vizsgázóval. A szóbeli feladatsor mindig három fő részből áll. • A társalgási feladatban a vizsgázó egy konkrét témához

kapcsolódó, szóban elhangzó kérdésekre válaszol (amelyek a feladatlapon nem szerepelnek).

• A szerepjáték során a vizsgázó a mindennapi élet helyzeteihez hasonló, reális, személyéhez és élethelyzetéhez kapcsolódó szituációkban beszélget a beszélgetőtárs szerepét játszó vizsgáztatóval. A feladat tartalmazza a szituáció leírását, a szerepeket és az elérendő kommunikációs célokat, és tartalmazhat képeket vagy rövid szövegeket is.

• Az önálló témakifejtés feladatban a vizsgázónak általában két egymáshoz valamilyen módon kapcsolódó kép és megadott irányító szempontok alapján kell gondolatait, véleményét összefüggően kifejtenie. A vizsgáztató szükség esetén előre megírt segítő kérdéseket tehet fel. A feladatnak nem része a képek tartalmának részletes leírása és aprólékos összevetése.

A szóbeli vizsga összesen 15 percig tart. Összesen 33 pont érhető el a három feladat megoldásával.

Az Oxford Exam Trainer minden fejezetének végén egy, a fejezet témáihoz kapcsolódó teljes szóbeli feladatsor szerepel – az órai vagy önálló gyakorlás céljaihoz alkalmazott formában. A kötet végén található kifejezés-gyűjtemény (Speaking Bank) az egyes kommunikációs célokhoz kapcsolódó kifejezéseket sorolja fel.

Az érettségi vizsgára készen!

Az Oxford Exam Trainer legvégén egy teljes középszintű érettségi vizsga minta-feladatsora található, amelyet a tanultak összegzésére, próbavizsgaként használhatunk.

Eredményes felkészülést, sikeres vizsgát kívánunk!

a szerzők2017. szeptember

5Bevezető


6 W O R K5

1

2

3V O C A B U L A R Y1 Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and answer the

questions.

Part-time jobs

3 Complete the table with expressions from the box.

check stock serve food and drinks pick fruit clear tables play games operate a till prepare meals feed animals bring the bill deal with customers tell stories take orders

Babysitting

Working on a farm

Working in a restaurant

Working in a shop

Adjectives describing work

4 Match each adjective with its definition.

full-time badly-paid temporary permanent manual part-time well-paid

1 when you do less than the usual hours of a working week

2 when you do all of the usual hours of a working week

3 a job that involves using your hands 4 a job where you earn lots of money 5 a job where you earn little money 6 lasting for a short time 7 lasting for a long time

5 Work in pairs. Student A: Choose a job and describe it. Student B: Guess the job. Then switch roles.It’s a job that involves working with people.This person works on their own.It isn’t a very well-paid job, but it’s important.This person works in a school with students.

5

1 What jobs are shown in the photographs?2 What do they involve doing?3 Would you like to do any of these jobs in the

future? Why/Why not?

Jobs

2 Read the definitions and write the proper names of jobs. Use the suffixes in bold.-er1 somebody who works for the army 2 somebody who cuts, shapes and colours people’s

hair -or3 somebody who teaches other people how to drive

4 somebody who translates one language into another

-ist5 somebody who works at a reception desk and

welcomes people 6 somebody who is a specialist in psychology

-ian7 somebody who plays a musical instrument

8 somebody who works in politics other jobs9 somebody who performs medical operations

10 somebody who represents a company and travels around an area selling its products

Add at least one more job for each suffix.

Work


7W O R K5

Employment

9 Choose the right word in each sentence.1 Would you like to work / have / do a career in the

media?2 My sister is / gets / had on sick leave at the

moment.3 I often do / make / take overtime at weekends.4 Joe’s leaving because he didn’t get / make / take a

pay rise.5 Doctors often take / get / work very long hours.6 Teresa works / makes / has shifts.7 Who’s in / on / at charge of the sales department?8 Susan is doing very well in her job, so she hopes to

get / become / make promoted.

10 Complete the sentences with right words. The first letter of each missing word is given.

1 Megan was f by her boss because she stole from the company.

2 My grandfather is sixty-five. He r from work last year.

3 I had a c with my company, but at the end of the year they decided not to extend it.

4 Sarah has been u for six months. She just can’t find a job.

5 The train drivers are going on s because they want a bigger pay rise.

6 I hate being o of work. I would really like to find a job.

11 Work in pairs. Take turns to answer the questions.

1 What’s your ideal job? Why would you like to do this job?

2 What do you think is the best way to look for a job?

3 What’s more important: qualifications or experience? Why?

4 Would you like to be self-employed? Why/Why not?

5 What’s more important in a job: money or job satisfaction?

6 Describe a situation when you were in charge of something.

Looking for a job

6 Read the advice on looking for a job, and put the steps in the correct order. Then complete the sentences with words from the box.

covering letter curriculum vitae (CV) contract interview qualifications application form references experience offered accept

How to Find a Job➤ Step

Wait to hear from the company to find out if they want you to come for an 1 . Then start preparing for it.

➤ Step Complete your 2 . This is the document that includes all your personal information, 3 (e.g. diplomas, degrees, etc.) and previous work 4 . It should also include the contact details of two people that know you well at work or personally. These are your 5 .

➤ Step When you are 6 a job, decide carefully if you want to 7 it. Then sign the 8 .

➤ Step Look at job adverts on the internet and find a job that you are interested in. Download the 9 , if there is one. Then send it off with a 10 which will explain briefly who you are, where you saw the advert and why you want to apply for the job.

7 0.00 Listen and check your answers.

Professions

8 Complete the sentences with words from the box.

duties salary wages colleague boss position self-employed quit

1 On average, a doctor’s is £50,000 a year.2 Derek shares an office with a who is

thirty years older than him.3 A waiter’s are usually £200 a week.4 A shop assistant’s include serving

customers and operating the till.5 You’ll have to ask the first if you want to

take a day off.6 If I hated my job, I would definitely .7 Peter is . He runs a small coffee shop.8 I would like to apply for the of sales

manager.

V O C A B U L A R Y


8 W O R K5

R E A D I N G

Multiple matching

1 Work in pairs. Describe what jobs the pictures show and answer the questions below. 1 What qualifications do you need for each of the jobs?

university education special training a degree experience

2 What personal characteristics do you need to be successful in each of the jobs?

talented patient creative competent outgoing sociable confident

To be a sports coach you need special training. A sports coach should be patient and …

2 Read the text from exercise 3. Why are the summaries of paragraphs 0–5 below incorrect?0 An easy job for food lovers.

It is for food lovers, but the text says it is not easy.1 Only professional coaches should apply.2 It sounds exciting, but acting can be boring.3 Don’t make any errors in this job!4 You should look exotic.5 The easiest way to become a billionaire.

• Read the whole text to find out what it is generally about.

• Read each statement carefully to see what information you are looking for in the text.

• A statement must match the sense of a paragraph. You may find words or phrases from the text in a statement, but it may not be the correct answer.

• Check that the remaining statements really don’t match any paragraphs.

EXAM STRATEGY

3 EXAM TASK Read the article about changing your career. In which paragraph (1–5) can you find the information (A–G)? One statement does not match any of the paragraphs. There is an example (0) at the beginning.A It’s a job for very active people.B It isn’t an easy way to see the world.C It’s a highly competitive world.D You can earn a lot of money doing very little.E Do a dull job while you learn your skills.F You need to be able to share your views.G Be paid to find mistakes.

Ready for a change?Fed up with your boring job? Want to do something different? Take a look at these jobs and find out if you want to change your career.

0 F If you love food, then being a food critic is the job for you! Imagine visiting restaurants, sampling dishes and then writing articles about what you think of them. But although it sounds great, this isn’t an easy option. You need to have a good background in food and nutrition and you need good communication skills to write and present your reviews.

1 If you’re fearless and love sports like snowboarding and skydiving, why not be an extreme sports coach? It’s a dangerous job, but it will keep you fit and give you some excitement every day! In order to become a professional coach for extreme sports, you need to do a training course. You also need to be an adventurous kind of person!

2 Would you like to be an actor? Then take a trip to Hollywood. Get a part-time job, take some acting lessons and see what happens. The part-time job may be tedious, but after all, Brad Pitt worked as a chauffeur before he became a star, and Johnny Depp was a salesperson. Just make sure you go to a good drama school and learn about all the aspects of film-making.

3 Do you play computer games whenever you have free time? Then why not become a computer games tester? Testers are employed by development companies and are paid to review and test the newest games. Tempted? You need to have good computing skills, as you’ll need to detect any kinds of errors in the games. You’ll also need a lot of patience.


9W O R K5

4 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.

1 Which of the jobs do you think would suit you best? Why?

2 Which would you least like to do?

3 How would you describe yourself to an employer? 4 What are your best qualities? 5 What knowledge or skills have you got?

Words in context

5 Find the highlighted words in the article. Match words with their meanings.

1 boring 2 education and experience 3 the ability to do something well 4 having firmly decided to do something 5 choice or possibility 6 known to be good or reliable 7 imagine something you would like to happen

6 Complete the sentences with words from exercise 5.

1 The best for her is to work at night because she goes to college during the day.

2 This course will help you develop your speaking in English.

3 She is so to get a promotion that she works overtime almost every day.

4 I being a lawyer when I finish university.5 Her in economics makes her a good

candidate for the job of financial director.6 Unfortunately we did not hire a builder,

and now the work has to be re-done.7 Picking fruit all day can be very , but it

certainly leaves your mind free to think about other things!

7 Look at these words from the article. Then use each word twice to complete sentences 1–10.

hand background fit free attention

1 You can just see our house in the of this photograph.

2 She’s a good worker, but on the other , she’s rather slow.

3 This car has so many problems it is no longer to drive.

4 We’re looking for someone with a in advertising for the job.

5 If you buy a TV today, they will give you a DVR!

6 I can’t do this by myself. Could you give me a ?

7 You need to pay in class or you’ll miss some important information.

8 I enjoy going for walks in my time.9 Celebrities claim they don’t want all the

they get, but I wonder if that’s true.10 He goes to the gym four days a week in order to

keep .

Phrasal verbs with give

8 Find the phrasal verb give up in article. What does it mean? Replace the underlined expressions with the correct form of the appropriate phrasal verb with give.

UP

OFF

IN

BACK AWAY

GIVE

1 The roses she bought produced a lovely smell for several days.

2 OK, you’ve won. I’ll stop arguing. 3 After trying several times to get the landlord to

rent the flat to her, she stopped trying and started looking at other places.

4 Why is he donating so many of his paintings to charity? They are so valuable.

5 Could you please return that BluRay disc you borrowed? You’ve had it for weeks.

4 How about being a model? Think of being on the catwalk and wearing top designers’ clothes. Think of travelling to the most exotic countries in the world. Sounds great, doesn’t it? On the other hand, think of the hard work, the long hours, the constant attention. If you still want to do it, make sure you go to a reputable modelling agency. Maybe you’ll see your face in a magazine soon!

5 Are you dreaming of writing the next bestselling novel and becoming a billionaire just like J.K.Rowling? Unfortunately, there are thousands of people just like you and very few people achieve success. However, if you’re determined and you’ve got enough talent, you might be one of those few people. Keep writing! Keep submitting! Don’t give up!


10 W O R K5

L I S T E N I N G

Short answers: sentence completion

1 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.1 What kind of problems do you think there are in

the workplace?2 Who would you ask for advice if you had problems

at work?

2 0.00 Listen to four people talking about work and match each speaker (1–4) to each of the questions (A–E) below. There is one question you do not need.Which speaker …A is talking formally to a group of colleagues? B has improved in their job? C lives close to where they work? D wants to discuss an issue with a friend? E is talking about work problems in general?

• Read the statements in the task carefully to decide what information you should pay attention to during listening.

• Use logical or grammatical clues in the questions to predict what the answers might be. Remember the same information may be expressed in different ways in the statements and in the recordings.

EXAM STRATEGY

3 EXAM TASK 0.00 Listen again. Look at the statements and fill in gaps 1–12 with no more than THREE words in each gap. There is an example (0)at the beginning.Speaker 10 The caller has a problem at work and thinks

that Terri might be able to help. 1 The caller doesn’t get on well with his/ her

. 2 The caller is aware that Terri has experienced

in the past. Speaker 23 nights get busy for the speaker.4 The speaker likes most people she meets at work

and she gets . 5 Occasionally, the speaker gets customers who

, but she has learnt not to worry. Speaker 36 The speaker thinks that people experience

problems as well as work related problems in the workplace.

7 The work place is a environment as well as a place where people work.

8 In work you often have to work and deal with people that you wouldn’t choose to deal

with outside work.

Speaker 49 The meeting has been called so they can share

some updates on the new .10 They are going to use a new computer system for

storing/maintaining and doing everyday work.

11 The speaker has already used the new system and thinks it is clear, .

4 Complete the sentences with verbs from the box in the correct form. There are two verbs you don’t need.

get complain out mix up choose schedule praise experience type deal with

1 We need to together soon to discuss your future.

2 My new boss really likes me, she me for everything I do.

3 I got really confused and the orders. It was a nightmare.

4 My colleagues are always about the long hours they have to do.

5 Laura problems at work. Apparently, her boss is always in a bad mood.

6 In my office there are all of people, from all over the world.

7 Thank you for taking time of your lunch hour to attend this training.

8 They’ve the meeting for when I’m away, so I hope I won’t miss anything important.

5 Work in pairs. Read the situation and role-play the scene.You are working at a summer camp. Your boss often asks you to do jobs you are not supposed to do. Talk to your friend about the problem.

Student A – You are the worker.• Your boss is asking you to work in the kitchens

after your day shift. • Tell how you feel about this situation.

Student B – You are the friend.• Listen to student A • Suggest a solution.


11W O R K5

U S E O F E N G L I S H

LANGUAGE REVIEW

verb tenses • expressing quantity

1 Choose the correct verb form in each sentence.1 Jane has been / went to Australia three times.

She loves it!2 Peter retired / has retired three years ago.3 I’m really tired. I’ve been digging / dug in the

garden all morning.4 Ruth hasn’t had / wasn’t having a job since she

quit three months ago.

2 Choose the correct word in each sentence.1 I don’t think I can do the project myself; I need

a little / little help.2 Has Julia given you an / any advice on how to

use this new application?3 The boys have only just started their house

cleaning business, but they already have much / a few orders.

4 Tom hasn’t got much / many things to do this weekend.

Grammar reference p. 16

Word formation

• Decide what part of speech is missing in each gap: a verb, a noun, an adjective, an adverb.

• Check, is it positive or negative?

EXAM STRATEGY

3 EXAM TASK Read an article about how young people can gain work experience. Some words are missing from the text. Use the words in brackets to form the words that fit in gaps 1–9. Write the appropriate form of the words. You may not have to change all the words in brackets. There is an example (0).

Open cloze

Before you start filling in the gaps, read the whole text to get a general sense of what it is about.

EXAM STRATEGY

4 EXAM TASK Read an article about London taxi drivers. Some words are missing from the text. Write the missing words in the gaps 1–10. Use only ONE word in each gap. There is an example (0).

Cabbies

London is famous 0 for its distinctive black taxi cabs and expert taxi drivers. Their navigation skills and knowledge of 1 city are incredible. Every person who wants to drive a taxi in London has to take a test commonly known as ‘the Knowledge’. The training can take a 2 years and at the end of this time, the driver has to know by heart 3 than 300 routes and landmarks: tourist attractions, government buildings, hospitals, police stations and 4 places of interest. Jamie Wilson 5 been driving a taxi in London for over twelve years. He obtained his licence after four years of intensive training. During his training he 6 driving around London on a scooter memorising every street, road, avenue and building. By the time he passed his exam, he 7 visited over 25,000 streets. Later, he took another course on the history and culture 8 the city. Now, he entertains his passengers with historical facts and anecdotes about people and places in London. He gets lots of people from 9 over the world in his cab and famous people too. Last month he drove 10 very famous footballer to the airport.

From an outsider to an insiderInternships are a way for young people to gain work experience in their chosen field to make themselves more 0 attractive (attract) to future employers. In this article, Lucy Green (22) explains how an internship was 1 (help) for her. I had just finished university and was looking for a career, I was sending lots of 2 (apply) forms but I couldn’t even get an interview. Someone suggested that I apply to be an intern and it was the best thing I ever did. I worked for eight weeks at a newspaper. The work was quite 3 (vary).

I worked in different departments; I started off working in accounts, then in the 4 (design) department, and finally in the newsroom and I gained a real insight into how the industry worked. It was 5 (extreme) rewarding.It was an amazing experience, I got on-the-job training and had a mentor who was 6 (will) to answer any questions I had. Now when I go to an interview, I can say that I’ve had articles published and know how to set out a newspaper. I also made 7 (use) contacts and even though the company I worked for didn’t offer me a job, they did promise to write me a reference, which might be more valuable than my 8 (qualify). The one problem with internships, is that they are 9 (pay). I only earned enough to cover my expenses.


L I S T E N I N G

12 W O R K5

Multiple choice

1 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.1 Imagine you are finishing school and need to start

looking for a job. What would you do?2 What problems might you face?3 Where would you turn for help?

2 0.00 Listen to an interview with a charity worker and answer the questions.1 What does NEETS mean?2 Who does NEETS try to help?

• Read the task and the questions to familiarise yourself with the content of the listening.

• Underline the key words in the questions and in the options A, B or C.

• Think of synonyms or other ways to rephrase the key information in the questions.

EXAM STRATEGY

3 EXAM TASK 0.00 Listen to the interview again and choose the best response A, B, or C, to each question 1–6. There is an example (0).0 Seven out of ten young people spend… A between six and eighteen months unemployed

after leaving school. B up to 6 months unemployed after leaving

school. C 6 months unemployed after leaving school.

1 Louisa’s charity works mostly with people from… A a variety of backgrounds. B poorer backgrounds. C from the countryside.

2 Why are NEETS hard to reach? A They live below the poverty line. B They live in the countryside. C They live in big cities.

3 How do placements in sports teams and business help young people?

A They can understand the value of things. B They can earn some money. C They can realise the value of themselves.

4 Louisa’s charity encourages younger teenagers to … A have interviews. B make new friends. C study harder at school.

5 Why does Louisa find the job rewarding? A She enjoys working with kids. B The parents set her challenges. C She helps the people she works with

improve their lives.

4 Look at sentences 1–8 from the interview in exercise 3 and underline the words that match with the definitions A–H below. 1 We try to work with young people from all

backgrounds.2 They have more opportunities to succeed.3 They can really struggle to find work.4 We work with a number of different partners.5 It can be stressful if you’ve never worked before.6 Some people find it difficult to respect the people

in charge.7 We are very busy, but it is very rewarding.8 Teenagers won’t face the same challenges their

parents did.

A people or organisations you are doing an activity with (n)

B be polite towards someone you think is important (v)C the details of a person’s family, education,

experience, etc. D a new or difficult task that tests somebody’s ability

and skill (n)E try very hard to do something with difficulty (v)F causing a lot of anxiety and worry (adj)G worth doing or that makes you happy because it is

useful or important (adj)H the possibility to do or achieve something (n)

5 Work in pairs. Look at the ideas (A–E) and choose three which you think would be the most helpful in helping young people into work. Compare your list with other pairs.

A work placementB membership of a sports teamC encouragement to stay in schoolD help with interview techniquesE help with writing a CV and applying for jobs


13W O R K5

W R I T I N G

Formal email: a job application

1 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.1 Have you ever done a part-time job or a summer

job? What was your experience like?2 Why do students take on such jobs? 3 What are the most popular part-time or summer

jobs for teenagers? Why?

2 Read the exam task in exercise 6 and answer the questions below.1 Who are you writing to?2 Why are you writing to them?3 What style of letter will it be?

3 Complete the sentences with words from the box. Then decide which point in the exam task in exercise 6 you could use each sentence for.

advertisement apply experience candidate position wish

1 I already have some work with young children.

2 I saw your for people to work on a children’s camp in Wales in a local paper.

3 I believe I am a good for the job because I am a responsible person.

4 I am writing to for the of assistant.

5 I am studying psychology and I to work in a school in the future.

4 Make some notes about yourself. Write at least two facts for each heading.

Education:

Interests:

Skills and qualifications:

Plans and ambitions

• Use formal language and polite phrases suitable for an application letter. (Look at Useful Phrases for a job application in the Writing bank on p.17).

• Avoid using contractions (won’t, I’m, etc.) or any informal expressions (I guess, totally cool, etc.).

EXAM STRATEGY

5 Read the exam task in exercise 6 and choose the best expression (A–C).1 Starting your letter:

A Dear Angela B Dear Ms JonesC Dear Sir/Madam

2 Finishing your letter:A Yours sincerely,B Yours faithfully,C Take care,

6 EXAM TASK You are studying in Cardiff on an exchange programme, and you have found a job offer at an international children’s day camp in Wales.

DAY CAMP GLOBAL, CARDIFF BAY:

Part-time assistants needed!Are you good with children? Are you a responsible, but fun-loving person? Have you had any experience looking after eight- to twelve-year olds? If so, you may be the person we’re looking for!

YOUR TASKS:◆ welcoming children, handing out information leaflets

to kids and parents◆ helping at meal times◆ working with professional trainers in creative games

and activities◆ looking after the health and safety of a small group of

children

QUALITIES WE NEED:◆ good communication skills◆ calm, reliable, punctual and responsible worker◆ good team player◆ happy to work with children.

If you’re interested, send your application letter to: Angela Jones at [email protected]

Write a letter of application in 80–100 words, in which you:▸ say why you are interested in the work,▸ describe your previous experience,▸ explain why you are a good candidate for this job.

7 Check your work. Have you written about all three points in the task? Have you used the appropriate formal language? Have you written between 80 and 100 words? Have you checked your work for grammar or

spelling mistakes?


14 W O R K5

S P E A K I N G

Conversation

• Remember to avoid very short answers.

• Include details, examples from your own experience or reasons for your views.

EXAM STRATEGY

1 EXAM TASK Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions about work. 1 Have you ever had a job you really enjoyed? What

was it? Where was it? Who did you work with? 2 Would you like to work for a big company or a

small one? Why (not)?3 Do you have any work experience? Would you

include these types of experience in your CV? • working with others in sports, music or drama • being with animals • solving problems • making things

4 ‘It’s better to have a low-paid job than no job.’ Do you agree? Why (not)?

5 Think of somebody who enjoys his/her job. What does he/she do? What does he/she like about his/her job?

6 ‘Young people should be prepared to work without pay for at least six months in order to gain experience.’ Do you agree? Why (not)?

Role-play

• Make sure you ask questions about every piece of information listed in the task.

EXAM STRATEGY

2 EXAM TASK Work in pairs to do the role-play task. Take turns to be Student A and Student B. Read the information and then have a conversation.

The situation:Student A: You are looking for a summer job for six weeks. Meet Student B, who works at an international employment agency. He/she offers you two jobs. Ask him/her about the location, duties, hours and pay. Choose one job and give reasons for your choice.

Student B: You have five summer jobs available in different hotels. Read about them on page 19. Then meet Student A, offer him/her two of the jobs and answer his/her questions.

Now change roles. New Student B: Offer new Student A two jobs that you were not offered.

Long turn

• Don’t just describe what you can see in the pictures.

• Discuss the topic, using the pictures as examples.

EXAM STRATEGY

3 EXAM TASK These two pictures show different types of jobs. In pairs, take turns to compare and contrast the two pictures. Include the following points:1 working conditions2 contact with people 3 pay

1 2


15W O R K5

U N I T 5 L A N G U A G E R E V I E W

1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the appropriate word.

1 Being a s and operating on people is a really stressful but satisfying job.

2 Mike is going to p fruit at his aunt’s apple orchard this summer to earn some money.

3 The guests left and the waiters started to c the tables.

4 I applied for a secretarial job and am going for an i tomorrow. I hope I don’t say anything stupid.

5 Tom has broken his leg and will be on sick l for a month, so someone has to take over his duties.

6 Tony works at the hospital and is in c of a team of ten doctors.

7 If you want to work for this company, be prepared to work o − many people don’t go home till 10 p.m.

8 Mandy didn’t take the job because the s they offered her was much less than she expected.

2 Choose the best word in each sentence.1 I must make / take / do a day off tomorrow to see a

doctor.2 When the company started having financial

problems, they refused to extend / expand / stretch their employees’ contracts.

3 Bill Gates gave in /out / up school education after reading an article on micro-computers.

4 The workers decided to go on / make / do strike because they wanted longer holidays.

5 If you’re interested in this job, please fill in a(n) contract / application / acceptance form and send it to us by March.

6 The film starts in forty minutes, so if you’ve finished your dessert, let’s ask the waiter to prepare / bring / deal the bill.

7 My mother can’t have a full-time / part-time / temporary job, because she has to pick up my little brother from kindergarten every day.

3 Complete the second sentence in each pair so it has the same meaning as the first one.1 Jonathan hasn’t had a pay rise for three years. Jonathan last ago.2 My boss didn’t give me enough time to complete

the project. My boss gave me too to

complete the project.3 The last time I went abroad was my business trip to

Japan. I since my business trip to Japan.

4 Robert used to be a teacher but he’s been out of work for a year.

A year ago his job as a teacher.5 This is my first visit to such a big office. I in such a big office before.6 Ruth started working as a shop assistant two years

ago. Ruth two years.

Use of English review

4 Read the text about a businesswoman. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) for each gap (1–10). Only ONE solution is correct.

Shawna Tinsley is a young entrepreneur. At the age of just twenty-three, she 1 a very successful

website design business. This may not seem too unusual until you find out that she 2 the business when she was fifteen years old. In fact, she was hoping to get a 3 – not as a website designer, but something completely different. ‘I really wanted to work outdoors that summer,’ she says. ‘But nobody would take me on. They kept saying I didn’t have enough work 4 . But what did they expect? I was fifteen!’ Then a friend of her parents, who had his own plumbing business, asked if they knew anyone who could help him with his website. Shawna 5 already designed sites for herself and 6 friends, so they recommended her. She laughs about it now. ‘My first version of his website 7 like it was for a pop star. But he’s a plumber! Anyhow, he was very patient, and we worked 8 a design that suited his business.’ Shawna is happy in her work now, but she’s never forgotten why she started doing it in the first place. ‘I 9 two or three teenagers every summer, helping them get 10

experience so that it’s easier for them to find a job in the future.’

1 A directs B runs C carries D controls2 A had started B was started C started

D was starting3 A job B work C career

D profession4 A skill B practice C experience

D knowledge5 A was B did C has D had6 A plenty B a lot C few D several7 A looks B has looked C looked

D had looked8 A up B out C off D over9 A hire B book C rent D occupy

10 A any B an C some D –


16 G R A M M A R

Verb tenses

Present perfect, present perfect continuous, past simple

▸ When we tell someone about recent events, we use the present perfect. Then, when we speak about the details of these events, we use the past simple.Ann has left her job at the bank. She didn’t like her boss.

▸ Other differences in using these tenses are presented in the table below.

Perfect tenses Past simple

We use the present perfect when we speak about experiences and activities without specifying when they happened. In sentences in this tense we often use the adverbs ever, never, just, yet and already, once/twice.Have you ever been to Spain?I’ve never been to Spain.Carrie has stayed at this hotel twice.

We use the past simple when we speak about activities which happened at a specific moment in the past. We often use words and phrases such as ago, last week/year, in 2009, yesterday and when I was eight with this tense. We also use the past simple in questions with when.When did Lee go to Spain?Lee went to Spain last year.

We use the present perfect and present perfect continuous when we speak about finished or unfinished activities or situations which have a visible effect now. We often combine these tenses with since and for, as well as how long.He’s been waiting for us for two hours.I’ve lived in Germany all my life.

We use the past simple when we speak about activities or situations which were finished in the past.He came here two hours ago.I lived in Germany from 2002 to 2006.

1 Complete the sentences with the right words. Choose a, b, c or d.

1 Have you travelled around Europe? a ever b never c already d yet 2 We’ve had our English teacher the

beginning of term. a for b just c yet d since 3 Max hasn’t been on holiday . a since b ago c yet d never4 I’m sorry. You can’t speak to Jack. He’s

gone out. a since b just c yet d never 5 My sister met her boyfriend summer. a since b for c last d ago 6 I’m not hungry. I’ve had a sandwich. a yet b since c ever d already

2 Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple or the present perfect.

Kate I 1 (listen to) a very interesting lecture recently.

Jenny Really? What 2 (it/be) about?Kate Professor Jenkins from Oxford University

3 (talk) about an addiction to shopping. He 4 (present) some unusual ways of fighting it and 5 (give) a lot of practical advice.

Jenny Professor Jenkins? I think I 6 (hear) that name. 7 (he/publish) anything?

Kate He 8 (write) a few books about modern addictions so far and his latest book, Don’t shop until you drop, 9 (be) published two years ago; it 10 (be) quite popular ever since.

Jenny Oh yes, I 11 (read) it. But I 12 (not find) it very practical. I 13 (even try) a few of his tips but they 14 (not work) for me. Would you believe that this week I 15 (spend) over £100 on shoes?

Kate I think you 16 (always be) a spender.

Jenny That’s true!

3 Complete the email with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple or the present perfect.

Dear Alice,

We 1 (not hear) from you for a long time

so I 2 (decide) to write to you and find out

if everything is OK with you. I hope you 3

(enjoy) your stay in Brighton last month. How long ago 4 (you/come) back? 5

(you/meet) anybody interesting there?

Nothing 6 (change) much round here

since you 7 (leave). The bad news is that

I 8 (fail) my driving test again! When I 9 (approach) the junction,

I 10 (not notice) when the lights 11 (turn) red and I 12

(drive) on. The good news is that Peter and Amanda 13 (just get) married. They 14 (fly) to a Greek Island for their

honeymoon last weekend.

Please write soon. Take care.

Clare

G R A M M A R R E F E R E N C E


W R I T I N G 17

W R I T I N G B A N K

Job application

During your summer holiday you want to work in the UK. You are interested in a job vacancy in a shopping centre near London. Write a letter to the company in which you:▸ explain why you are interested in the job;▸ describe why your previous experience makes you a good candidate;▸ ask for more information about the working conditions.

Provide as much detail as you can for each of the four points. Remember that your letter should be between 80 and 100 words. The examiner will take into consideration: task completion (achievement of communicative aims) and writing to given text extent (5 point), vocabulary range, sufficient variety of expression (3 points), and grammar and spelling (clarity of text) (3 points).

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of sales assistant in your clothes shop as advertised on your website.

I believe working in a shop will help me improve my English and raise money for university fees.

Currently, I am a student at a secondary school in Hungary, but I have already had some experience in this kind of work. Last summer I helped my uncle in his grocery shop in a seaside resort. I operated a till and arranged goods on the shelves. I believe I am a good candidate for the position because I am sociable and I enjoy working in a team.

There are a few things I would like to ask. First, I would like to know if it is a part-time or a full-time job. Could you also let me know what the working hours are?

I look forward to your reply.

Yours faithfully, Anna

Starting a job applicationI am writing to apply for the position of … . I am writing in response to/with regard to your advert … .I would like to apply for the post/position of … . Describing qualifications and experienceI already have some work experience with … . I worked as … for … (two) months/years. My duties included … . I have a degree/diploma in … . I believe I am a good candidate for the job because … . Finishing a job applicationI hope you will consider my application. Thank you for considering my application.

A feladatban megadott mindhárom pontot fejtsd ki részletesen. Pl. ebben a bekezdésben kell elmagyaráznod az első pontot, hogy miért érdekel ez az állás, miért jelentkezel rá.

Ha hivatalos levelet írsz egy intézménynek vagy egy olyan személynek, akit nem ismersz, használj hivatalos stílust. Ne használj rövid alakokat.

Ha a vizsgán maximális pontot szeretnél kapni a nyelvhelyesség értékelési szempontra, használj változatos szerkezeteket, pl. függő kérdéseket.


▶▶ Phonetic transcription at www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

18 W O R K5

WORDLIST: UNIT 5 WORKJobsaccountant könyvelőactor/actress színész/ színésznőarchitect építész barber férfi fodrász, borbély beautician kozmetikus businessman/businesswoman üzletember/üzletasszony car mechanic autószerelő cashier pénztáros chauffeur sofőr, gépkocsivezető chef főszakács, séf computer programmer számítógép-programozó dentist fogorvos doctor orvos driving instructor gépjárműoktató editor szerkesztő electrician villanyszerelő engineer mérnök factory worker gyári munkás farmer földművelő, gazdálkodó firefighter tűzoltó flight attendant légiutas-kísérő hairdresser fodrász interior designer belsőépítész journalist újságíró lawyer ügyvéd librarian könyvtáros miner bányász model manöken, modell musician zenész nurse ápolónő physical therapist gyógytornász plumber vízvezeték-szerelő police officer rendőrtiszt politician politikus receptionist recepciós salesperson/sales representative (rep) üzletkötő, kereskedőscientist tudós security guard biztonsági őr shop assistant bolti eladó social worker szociális munkás soldier katona sports coach edző stockbroker tőzsdeügynök surgeon sebész tailor szabó taxi driver taxisofőr translator fordító vet állatorvos waiter/waitress pincér / pincérnő web designer honlapkészítő, weblaptervező writer író

Part-time jobs babysit gyermeket őriz, gyermekre vigyáz babysitter gyermekfelügyelő, bébiszitter bring the bill kihozza a számlát check stock ellenőrzi az áru-/raktárkészletet clear tables leszedi az asztalt do volunteer work önkéntes munkát végez feed animals (meg)eteti az állatokat lifeguard vízimentő operate a till a pénztárban dolgozik pick fruit gyümölcsöt szed play computer games számítógépen játszik prepare meals ételt készít, főz price goods beárazza az árut serve food and drinks felszolgál(ja az ételeket és italokat) summer job nyári munka take on a job munkát vállal take orders rendelést felvesz tell stories történeteket mesél work in a camp táborban dolgozik

Adjectives describing work and jobs badly-paid rosszul fizetett boring/dull unmalmas, egyhangú full-time teljes munkaidős manual fizikai part-time részmunkaidős permanent állandó tedious fárasztó, unalmas temporary átmeneti, időszakos well-paid jól fizetett

Adjectives describing people at work communicative közlékeny, kommunikatív competent hozzáértő, alkalmas competitive versenyző szellemű confident magabiztos creative kreatív, alkotó determined eltökélt, elszánt generous nagylelkű, bőkezű outgoing közvetlen, barátságos patient türelmes professional profi, hivatásos / szakszerű responsible felelősségteljes, megbízható sociable társaságkedvelő talented tehetséges

Looking for a job apply for a job/position állásra jelentkezik, pályáz be offered a job állásajánlatot kap candidate jelentkező, pályázó complete an application form jelentkezési lapot kitölt covering letter kísérőlevél curriculum vitae (CV) önéletrajz enrol on a course tanfolyamra beíratkozik experience tapasztalat get ~ tapasztalatot szerez work ~ szakmai /munkahelyi tapasztalat have

~ a degree/diploma in sth diplomája / képesítése van vmiből ~ special training szakképesítése van / különleges (ki)képzésben részesül~ a university education egyetemi végzettsége van

interview állásinterjú, (felvételi) beszélgetés come for an ~ állásinterjúra jön, hívják interviewer kérdező, felvételiztető job advert/advertisement álláshirdetés job application jelentkezés, álláspályázat job centre munkaügyi központ job offer állásajánlat accept a ~ állásajánlatot elfogad turn down a ~ állásajánlatot elutasít look for a job állást / munkát keres qualifications végzettség references referenciák, ajánlólevelek sign a contract szerződést aláír skills készségek communication ~ kommunikációs készség computing ~ számítógép használói készség

Professions be self-employed egyéni vállalkozó boss főnök colleague munkatárs corporation társaság, cég duty kötelesség, feladat earn keres (pénzt) employee alkalmazott, munkavállaló employer munkáltató job munka, állás

~ market munkaerőpiac ~ satisfaction munkahelyi elégedettség

occupation foglalkozás, munka pay fizetés position pozíció, beosztás profession hivatás quit otthagy (állást), felmond


▶▶ Phonetic transcription at www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

resign lemond run a business üzletet / vállalkozást vezet salary (havi) fizetés training képzés wages (heti) bér, munkabér work munka working hours munkaidő workplace munkahely

Employment be in charge of sth felelős vmiért, rá van bízva be on sick leave betegszabadságon van do overtime túlórázik employ/hire felvesz, alkalmaz get

~ a bonus jutalmat, prémiumot kap ~ a pay rise fizetésemelést kap ~ promoted előléptetik

have a career in sth dolgozik / életpályát fut be vmilyen területen take a day off kivesz egy szabadnapot work

~ as a teacher tanárként dolgozik ~ for a company cégnél, vállalatnál dolgozik ~ long hours hosszú munkaidőben dolgozik / túlórázik ~ shifts váltott műszakban dolgozik

Unemployment be fired kirúgják, elbocsátják be out of work munkanélküli go on strike sztrájkba lép, sztrájkol lay sb off elbocsát, elküld pension nyugdíj retire nyugdíjba megy, visszavonul unemployed munkanélküli unemployment munkanélküliség

19W O R K5

S P E A K I N G : U N I T 5 W O R KSpeaking, p. 14, Ex. 2 Role-play, Student B

Kitchen assistant Room attendant Receptionist Waiter/Waitress BartenderLocation City centre Popular lake resort Near International

AirportTourist area of town Popular resort in

historical cityDuties Using the dishwasher

and washing pots and pans

Cleaning guests’ rooms and making beds

Greeting guests and responding to their questions

Serving in a busy restaurant

Serving drinks and snacks and keeping the bar area clean

Hours 8.00 a.m. – 4.00 p.m. 9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. 6.00 a.m. – 2.00 p.m. 7.00 a.m.– 9.00 a.m. and 4.00 p.m. – 10.00 p.m.

6.00 p.m.– 2.00 a.m.

Pay Average Average Good Quite good Very good

Words in context attention figyelem pay ~ figyel vmire background háttér a ~ in sth végzettség / tapasztalat/háttértudás vmiben in the ~ a háttérben determined eltökélt, elszánt fit 1. egészséges, edzett 2. alkalmas, jó be ~ for sth alkalmas vmire, megfelel keep ~ edz, egészségesen él, edzett free 1. szabad 2. ingyenes hand kéz give sb a ~ segít vkinek on the other ~ másrészt option választás, választási lehetőség pay fizet ~ sb back visszafizet, visszafizeti a kölcsönt position helyzet, pozíció, beosztás reputable jóhírű see lát

~ sth as vmilyennek / vminek lát sick beteg / rosszul van, hányingere van be ~ of sth elege van vmiből

Phrasal verbs with GIVE give away elajándékoz, odaad give back visszaad give in megadja magát, meghátrál give off kibocsát, áraszt give up felad, abbahagy vmit


Oxford Exam TrainerAnswer key

W O R K5

Vocabulary

1 Open task

2 1 soldier2 hairdresser3 driving instructor4 translator5 receptionist6 psychologist7 musician8 politician9 surgeon

10 salesperson/sales representative

3 Babysitting: play games, prepare meals, tell stories

Working on a farm: pick fruit, feed animals

Serving customers in a restaurant: bring the bill, serve food and drinks, clear tables, take orders

Working in a shop: check stock, operate a till, deal with customers

4 1 part-time2 full-time3 manual4 well-paid5 badly paid6 temporary7 permanent

5 Open discussion

6 Step 1: Complete your …Step 2: Look at job …Step 3: Wait to hear …Step 4: When you are …1 Interview2 Curriculum Vitae3 qualifications4 experience5 references6 offered7 accept8 contract9 application form

10 covering letter

7 e Open task

8 1 salary2 colleague3 wages4 duties5 boss6 quit7 self-employed6 position

9 1 have2 is3 do4 get5 work6 works7 in8 get

10 1 fired2 retired3 contract4 unemployed5 strike6 out

11 Open task

Reading

1 Open task

2 0 Example: It is for food lovers but the text says it is not easy

1 It doesn’t say you need to already be a professional to apply, just that you need training to be a professional.

2 It says the part-time job can be tedious, not acting.

3 It says you have to find errors, not that you shouldn’t make any.

4 It says you will travel to exotic places, not that your looks should be exotic.

5 It says it is not easy to become a billionaire as a writer.

3 1 A 2 E 3 G 4 B 5 C

4 Open task

5 1 tedious2 background3 skills4 determined5 option6 reputable7 dream of

6 1 option2 skills3 determined4 dream of5 background6 reputable7 tedious

7 1 background2 hand3 fit4 background5 free6 hand7 attention8 free9 attention

10 fit

8 1 gave off2 give in3 gave up4 giving away5 give back

Listening

1 Open task

2 A 4B 2C –D 1E 3

3 0 example: at work1 (new) boss2 something similar / similar

problems3 Friday and Saturday 4 (good) tips5 (make) complaints6 personal7 social8 the kind of9 training programme

10 records11 simple and fast

20 W O R K5


4 1 get2 praises3 mixed up4 complaining5 dealing with6 types7 out8 scheduled

5 Open task

Use of English

1 1 has been2 retired3 digging4 hasn’t had

2 1 a little2 any3 a few4 many

3&4 0 (verb to adjective) attractive1 (verb to adjective) helpful 2 (verb to noun) application3 (present to past verb form)

varied4 (no change) design5 (adjective to adverb)

extremely6 (noun/verb to adjective)

willing7 (noun/verb) to adjective)

useful8 (verb to plural noun)

qualifications9 (opposite verb) underpaid

5 0 for1 the2 few3 more4 other5 has6 was7 had8 of9 all

10 a

Listening

1 Open task

2 NEETS are people who are Not in Education, Employment or Training. Louisa’s charity helps young people to find jobs.

3 0 A 1 B 2 A 3 C 4 C 5 C

4 1 C backgrounds2 H opportunities3 E struggle4 A partners5 F stressful6 B respect7 G rewarding8 D challenges

5 Open task

Writing

1 Open task

2 1 to Angela Jones (at Camp Global)

2 to apply for a job (of an assistant)

3 three to four paragraphs to cover the information required in the exam task.

3 1 experience2 advertisement3 candidate4 apply, position5 wish

4 Open task

5 1 B or C2 A or B

6 Open task

7 Open task

Speaking

1 Open task / Students own answers

2 Role play / Open task

3 Long turn / Open task

Language Review

1 1 surgeon2 pick3 clear4 interview5 leave6 charge7 overtime8 salary

2 1 take2 extend3 up4 go on

5 application6 bring7 full-time

3 1 Jonathan last got a pay rise three years ago.

2 My boss gave me too little time to complete the project.

3 I haven’t been abroad since my last trip to Japan.

4 A year ago Robert lost his job as a teacher.

5 I haven’t been in such a big office before.

6 Ruth has been (working as) an assistant for two years.

4 1 B 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 D6 D 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 C

Grammar Reference

1 1 a 2 d 3 c 4 b 5 c 6 d

2 1 have listened to2 was it3 talked4 presented5 gave6 have heard7 Has he published8 has written9 It was

10 has been11 have read12 haven’t found13 have even tried14 haven’t worked15 spent16 have always been

3 1 haven’t heard 2 decided 3 enjoyed 4 did you come 5 Did you meet 6 has changed 7 left 8 failed9 was approaching

10 didn’t notice11 turned12 drove13 have just got14 went

21W O R K5


W O R K5

EXERCISE 7 PAGE 7 TRACK 000

How to Find a Job Step 1 Complete your Curriculum Vitae. This is the document that includes all your personal information, qualifications (e.g. diplomas, degrees, etc.) and previous work experience. It should also include the contact details of two people that know you well at work or personally. These are your referees. Step 2 Look at job adverts on the internet and find a job that you are interested in. Download the application form, if there is one. Then send it off with a covering letter which will explain briefly who you are, where you saw the advert and why you want to apply for the job. Step 3 Wait to hear from the company to find out if they want you to come for an interview. Then start preparing for it. Step 4 When you are offered a job, decide carefully if you want to accept it. Then sign the contract.

LISTENING 1 page 52

Hi, Terri. Err, I was wondering if we could get together this evening. I’ve got some problems at work and I thought you might know how to deal with them. It’s mostly our new boss. It seems she really dislikes me, and I just don’t know what to do about it. I mean, she praises people who don’t do half the work I do, and she never says a good word to me. I know you’ve dealt with something similar, so … anyway, give me a call. 2It gets very busy, especially on Friday and Saturday nights, and I end up rushing all over the place. I used to mix up orders sometimes, which was a bit of a problem, but now I don’t make many mistakes. Most people are friendly and give me good tips. Occasionally you get someone who complains all the time about the service, but then some people just like to complain. You just learn to deal with it.3I’m sure your listeners would agree that problems at work aren’t only about the work itself. I’d say that nearly everyone experiences personal problems in the workplace at some point. The difficulty is that work isn’t only a place where people work – it’s also a social environment, just not one that you choose yourself. This means that you have to deal with types of people that you wouldn’t normally have much to do with. But there are several good ways to deal with personal conflict in the workplace …

4First, I’d like to thank all of you for being here. I know it takes time out of your busy schedules, but I felt it was important that we get together and share some updates on the new training programme. As you know, we’re going to use a new computer system soon, both for keeping records and for doing our everyday work. I got to use it myself the other day, and I think it’s great – clear, simple and fast. But, of course we all need to learn how to use it, so we’re scheduling a series of training sessions in the coming months …

LISTENING 1 page 54

Presenter: Youth unemployment is a big issue across Europe. Recent figures showing that seven out of ten young people in the UK spend at least six months out of work between leaving school and starting their first job. Some young people can spend as much as eighteen months looking for work. Joining me to discuss this is Louisa Ward who works for a youth charity in the UK. Louisa, tell us what you do?Louisa: Well, we try to work with young people from all backgrounds to help them find a job which suits them but we focus on those who come from disadvantaged areas. Those from wealthier families have more opportunities to succeed, so they don’t need our help as much. But our research suggests that less wealthy students, those who don’t have much money, can really struggle to find work. Presenter: I see, so you do most of your work in inner-city areas?Louisa: Yes, that’s right. We do have some agents in the countryside but we don’t do much work in those areas. Most of our work takes place in towns and cities. We work with NEETS, which means people who are not in Education, Employment or Training. We try to work with hard to reach people whose parents don’t have money for the basic things in life, like food and clothes. We give them chances that they might not otherwise get access to. Presenter: What do you do to help them? Louisa: We work with a number of different partners including sports teams and businesses. So, some of the people we have helped have learnt the value of teamwork and co-operation through rugby. For others, we have found placements in large companies where they have gained valuable work experience. These placements help students get a feeling of self-worth. Presenter: A feeling of self-worth? What do you mean by that?Louisa: Well, it shows them that they are important members of the community. That what they do has an effect on other people. They are part of something and they grow in confidence. But that’s only one side of our work. Actually, most of what we do is on a more personal level…

Oxford Exam TrainerListening script

22 W O R K5


23W O R K5

Presenter: I see, such as?Louisa: Well, we give advice on writing CVs, interview skills, dealing with work-related problems. You know, it can be quite stressful if you’ve never worked before and suddenly you have to be part of a team and have responsibilities. Some people struggle to make friends or find it difficult to respect the people in charge. We also work with younger teenagers, encouraging them to stay in school and achieve better grades. Presenter: It sounds like you have your hands full. Louisa: Yes, we are very busy, doing lots of different things, but it is very rewarding. What we are doing is breaking the cycle. We hope the kids of the people we are working with today won’t face the same challenges their parents did. Presenter: That’s great. Louisa Ward, thank you for joining me.


Az Oxford Exam Trainer a középszintű (B1) idegen nyelvi vizsga követelményeit figyelembe véve, átfogó ismétlést és gyakorlást biztosítva készíti fel a magyar középiskolásokat az angol nyelvi érettségire.

Út a sikeres vizsgához A könyv 12 fejezete a vizsga mind a tíz témakörét feldolgozza,

beleértve az új Gazdaság témakört is.

Minden fejezet a témához kapcsolódó szókincs bemutatásával indul.

A fejezetekben a tanulók mind az öt vizsgarészre (Olvasott szöveg értése, Nyelvhelyesség, Hallott szöveg értése, Íráskészség, Beszédkészség,) szisztematikusan készülhetnek.

A kötet megismerteti a tanulókat a vizsgán előforduló típusfeladatokkal.

Vizsgastratégiák és tippek segítik a tanulókat, hogy magabiztos vizsgázóvá váljanak.

Segédanyagok Speaking Bank: különböző kommunikációs helyzetekben

felhasználható kifejezések gyűjteménye

Writing Bank: mintaszövegek, hasznos kifejezések és tippek a hatékony feladatmegoldáshoz

Wordlist: a vizsgán előforduló témakörök kulcsszókincse tematikus csoportosításban

Érettségi próbavizsga: egy teljes érettségi feladatsor, ami az éles vizsga felépítését követi

Student’s website: a tankönyv hanganyaga a honlapon

Rugalmas tananyag A kötet egyaránt felhasználható intenzív vizsgatréning kurzus-

könyveként, vagy bármely más tankönyvsorozat mellett kiegészítő anyagként.

Alkalmazkodik a tanulók igényeihez: a fejezetek és a leckék bármely sorrendben, egymástól függetlenül is elvégezhetőek.

3

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We continuously bring together our experience, expertise and research to create resources such as this one, helping millions of learners of English to achieve their potential.


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