Overview of water sector development in nigeria hackathon wb project

OVERVIEW OF WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA.

by Prof. Lekan OyebandeMD, HEC Ltd & Chair, GWP-West Africa TEC.

PRESENTATION MADE AT THE WATER MEETUP

HOSTED BY CO-CREATION HUB

6/F, 294 HERBERT MACAULAY WAY, YABA-LAGOS.

13TH SEPTEMBER 2011.Prof Lekan OyebandeProf Lekan Oyebande

First things firstFirst things first• There is need to understand the state of water

governance /management & constraints

in order to create appropriate tools for use in the solution of water challenges in Nigeria;

• This presentation will also do some justice to two of the four main challenges that WaterHackathon is dedicated to hacking: access to safe drinking water and sanitation; irrigation & watershed management.

Prof Lekan OyebandeProf Lekan Oyebande

In the BeginningIn the Beginning

In 1975 when the Federal Ministry of Water

Resources was initially created (a one-department ministry), not surprising it did not last:

• Responsibility of nationwide river management administration had not been attached to the Ministry;

• The Federal Inland Waterways Department was still responsible for the

management of the Niger and the Benue Rivers.


Still FMWRStill FMWR• However Decree No 25 of 1976 empowered and

gave FMWR

• Overall strategic planning functions (Policy formulation, strategic planning, National master plan, oversight functions over RBDAs & other Agencies in the Ministry)

• History of Merging with and Demerging from Agriculture was however recurrent.


National Council of Water Resources. National Council of Water Resources.

• Established in 1980. Reaffirmed by National Water Policy draft 2004 and 2006

• Highest Water Resources policy making body in Nigeria. (Representatives are from Federal ministries- FMWAR, FME, States & FCT,) Its functions include:

• Overall policy planning for the country in water resources management.

• Performance of advisory roles by making necessary recommendation to the Federal Executive Council.


Role of National Water Resources Institute (NWRI)Role of National Water Resources Institute (NWRI)Established in 1979. But its functions were fully detailed in Decree No 3 of 1985

and in the NWRI Act –Cap 284 Education, Research, Data & Training

• Promotion and development of training courses in water resources; Training of students in various aspects of water resources disciplines for the ministries and agencies;

• Advisory role on training needs and priorities;• Establish water resources data bank on hydrology and hydro geology;

Maintain a modelin g centre.• Engineering functions to such water resources projects in flood

control, reclamation, river regulation, drainage, and irrigation, and sewage treatment, domestic and industrial water supply.

• Publication of journals and maintaining a central library in water resources.



National Inland Water Ways (NIWA)National Inland Water Ways (NIWA)

• Established in 1996. The NIWA Act No 13 of 1997 has details of its responsibilities.

• 1999 Shipping and Navigation of the River Niger or on any of its affluent/ and on any of other inland waterway

• Develop Inland Water Ways for navigation to provide alternative modes of transport of goods and people.

• Execution of relevant goals of the national transport policy.

• The authority is empowered to grant licenses and discharge for raw water intake in respect of all Federal navigable water ways.


EVOLUTION OF RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT EVOLUTION OF RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITIES IN NIGERIA AUTHORITIES IN NIGERIA

• Water resources management was grossly uncoordinated in the early 1970s.

• Many, federal and state agencies were acting more or less independently.

• The Sahelian drought of the early 1970s shocked the nation into the awareness of the need for a coordinated and integrated approach to water management;

• In recognition of the need for a comprehensive development strategy that transcends state boundaries, the river basin development concept was accepted and applied.


EEVOLUTION OF RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT VOLUTION OF RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITIES IN NIGERIA IIAUTHORITIES IN NIGERIA II

• The Federal Government formally established the Chad Basin Development Authority and Sokoto-Rima basin Development Authority by Decree Nos 32 and 33 of 14 August 1973.

• It was however in 1976 that the whole country was covered when ten (10) such river/lake basin development authorities (RBDA), created in 1976.

• And in August 1982 the Niger Delta was added to make eleven. Later the Niger basin was split into Upper and Lower basins, thus giving twelve RBDAs.


RBDAs: An Interlude !RBDAs: An Interlude !

In 1984 under the Buhari regime the eleven

River Basin Authorities metamorphosed into

eighteen Authorities and were redesignated as

“River Basin and Rural Development Authorities”

with one serving the purpose of each state and

one for Ogun and Lagos States combined.

Of course this unwieldy, more political & non-

hydrological RBDAs soon reverted to the 12.


EVOLUTION OF RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT EVOLUTION OF RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITIES IN NIGERIA (Contd.)AUTHORITIES IN NIGERIA (Contd.)

The RBDAs were given 16 functions, amongst which are:

• Hydrology and water resources management.

• Agricultural production;

• Rural electrification & Rural development.

• Decree No 35 of 1987, which divested the RBDAs of their agricultural and rural development functions, reviewed this wide mandates of both regulation & service delivery (conflicts).


Commercialization of RBDAs in NigeriaCommercialization of RBDAs in Nigeria

• In 1989, the Technical Committee on Privatisation and Commercialisation (TCPC) proposed partial commercialisation of the RBDAs to make them more efficient and less independent on the national treasury.

• Each RBDA subsequently signed a Performance Agreement with the TCPC. The pruned functions of the RBDAs remain pivotal to the socio-economic development of Nigeria. They include:


RATIONALISED FUNCTIONS OF RBDAs RATIONALISED FUNCTIONS OF RBDAs II..Comprehensive development of both surface and

ground water resources for multipurpose use, particularly for irrigation infrastructure, control of flood and erosion & watershed management;

Construction, operation and maintenance of dams, dykes, polders, boreholes, irrigation and drainage, etc. and the handing over of such land under irrigation schemes to farmers;

Supply of water from their storage schemes to all users at a fee to determined by the RBDA concerned with the approval of the NCWR;


RATIONALISED FUNCTIONS OF RBDAsRATIONALISED FUNCTIONS OF RBDAs

Construction, operation and maintenance of infrastructural services such as roads and bridges at project sites; and

Development and updating of comprehensive water resources master plan through adequate collection and collation of water resources, socio-economic and environmental data of their respective basins


HOW HAVE THE RBDAs FARED?HOW HAVE THE RBDAs FARED?

The National Water Resources Master Plan (NWRMP) Interim Report of 1993 stated as follows:

• “Like most public enterprises, the RBDAs have fallen short of the high expectations of the FGN as vital instruments for attainment of self-sufficiency in food production’’

• In particular, the RBDAs have been below par in their primary function of hydrological and water resources data generation through sustainable monitoring and information systems.


Future of RBDAsFuture of RBDAs

• The draft National Water Policy, Strategy and National Water Bill (Law) have been processed to restructure the present 12 RBDAs into 8 RBM Commissions (with regulatory roles)

• On the other hand, the same no of RBDAs may become irrigational management authorities (with service production and management functions)


APEX INSTITUTION ACCEPTS IWRMAPEX INSTITUTION ACCEPTS IWRM

• The (NCWR) at its 11th meeting in November 1997 in Yola, Adamawa State approved: – The then FMWR to commence with the

collaboration of the World Bank the process of reforming the Water Resources Sector

– And to establish IWRM in Nigeria to enable water resources to be developed, utilized and protected for the benefit of all in order to support economic development, equity and the eradication of poverty.


ChangesChangesThe major institutional and strategic changes

involve:• Clearly identifying and delineating the

powers of each of the institutions operating in the water sector, to remove situation where multiple agencies have authority and power over the same functions.

• A major policy & strategic change is the separation of regulatory and management functions from service delivery. (Typical are RBDAs vs RBMCs; State water utility vs regulatory body).


The sector Reform Cycle is composed of four phases: Review, Policy Development, Reform and Implementation.

I. Review PhaseHas seven thematic themesII. Policy Development Phase1) Principles 2) Detailed policy development

III.Reform Phase1) Legislative Reform2) Institutional Rationalisation 3) WRM Strategic Planning

IV. Implementation Phase


REVIEW PHASEREVIEW PHASE• Legal and Regulatory Framework;• Institutional Framework and Participatory

Approach;• Information and Water Resources Database;• Water Resources Economics and Financing; • Environment and Resource Sustainability;• Water Resources Infrastructure Assets and

Assets Management; and • International Waters.


Review phase contdReview phase contd

• 30 Nigerian Water Resources and related experts were recruited and grouped into 7 consortia to carry out the review in April 2000 to June 2001. The Consultants submitted independent group reports containing recommendations for policy and actions to be taken by Government in order to establish IWRM in Nigeria


Implementation strategy for National Water PolicyImplementation strategy for National Water Policy

• In collaboration with the EU through the WSSSR Programme, a draft Strategy for implementing the National Water Policy was completed and presented in a workshop organized by the Ministry on December 7, 2006.

• The final report of the Water Resources Strategy was completed in early January, 2007 incorporating comments and observations from the workshop. With support of the European Union, the process of piloting the implementation of the Strategy commenced in September 2008 in the Hadejia-Jama’are-Komadugu-Yobe and Cross River basins.


National Water Resources BillNational Water Resources Bill

• Based on the National Water Policy, a draft National Water Resources bill was completed with support of the EU & presented at a workshop organised by the Ministry on January 25, 2007.

• The draft Water Resources bill has undergone several reviews and broad-based consultations at national level The final Water Resources bill, incorporating comments and observations from the Stakeholders, was presented in December 2008 at a Retreat to sensitize the Honourable members of the House Committee on Water Resources.



Roles of key institutions - policy, regulation management

Policy Development & National Strategy

National Council on Water Resources(advisory)

Basin Strategy & Regulation of Water Abstraction and Waste Water Discharge

Management and Service Delivery

Irrigation Management AuthoritiesCommercial irrigation, Water Users Associations

Water Supply BoardsLocal Government Councils

Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources

8 River Basin Management Commissions

Regulation of Dam Safety Independent Inspectorate of Dam Safety


APEX INSTITUTION ACCEPTS IWRMAPEX INSTITUTION ACCEPTS IWRM• The (NCWR) at its 11th meeting in November

1997 in Yola, Adamawa State approved: – The then FMWR to commence with the

collaboration of the World Bank the process of reforming the Water Resources Sector

– And to establish IWRM in Nigeria to enable water resources to be developed, utilized and protected for the benefit of all in order to support economic development, equity and the eradication of poverty.


•

•

Roles of key institutions - development

Development of Capital Projects –depends on size and sector

Federal Ministries

Community based organisations

State MinistriesWater UtilitiesPrivate Sector

Irrigation Management Authorities

Local Government


CURRENT STATUS OF WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT & THE CHALLENGES












ConclusionConclusion• The 35-year trace of the history of the water

sector has been eventful, typical of Nigeria’s one step forward and two backwards.

• Now is the time for steady forward ever and backward never.

• The active participatory, and even leading, role of our youths in this new endeavour cannot be over stated.


Some specific areas of applicationSome specific areas of application• GIS Mapping of urban water distribution

network & leakage detection;

• Monitoring of pipe bursts, pipes in filthy drains;

• Updating maps of drainage channels- primary and secondary & monitoring of their conditions for flood evacuation;

• Rural radio networks & use for hazard warning;

• Water users associations and their training- rural and semi-urban areas.


Some specific areas of applicationSome specific areas of application• Monitoring of water quality – spatial &

temporal sampling; • Mapping of public & private boreholes• Internet modelling of aspects of hydrology

and water sciences-processes, phenomena and water utilization and integrated management.

• Water tariff systems- metered and unmetered (flat rate) supplies.

• Role of NGOs, Civil societies & private sector in water sector.


MERCI

THANKS FOR ATTENTION


THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION


Overview of water sector development in nigeria hackathon wb project

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